本文档详细介绍了在Ubuntu 20.04上配置SNMP AgentX以及使用Python3进行SNMP操作的步骤，包括安装SNMP、SNMP AgentX模块pyagentx3，解决编码错误问题，以及使用pysnmp库进行SNMP GET和SET操作。同时，展示了如何配置SNMPd和snmptrapd服务，并提供了配置文件示例。
ubuntu 20.04 snmp 配置 agentx python3
Ubuntu20.04安装python2和python3及版本配置
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/pangc2014/article/details/117407413
对应的 agentx3
https://pypi.org/project/pyagentx3/
https://github.com/rprinz08/pyagentx3
sudo apt install snmpd snmptrapd snmp-mibs-downloader
遇到问题
Unhandled exception: ‘latin-1’ codec can’t encode character ‘\u5ea6’ in position 44: ordinal not in range(256)
2022-04-14 00:58:16,826 - pyagentx3.updater - INFO - Updater stopping
sudo pip3 install redis
file = open(“xxx.txt”,“r”,encoding=“utf-8”)
for line in file:
line=line.encode(“utf-8”).decode(“latin1”)
print(line)
pysnmp
https://pypi.org/project/pysnmp/
https://github.com/etingof/pysnmp
pip install pysnmp
sudo pip3 install snmpclitools
snmpget.py -v 2c -c public 192.168.99.32 1.3.6.1.4.1.77587.1827
D
jack@ubuntu:~/swork_snmp$ snmpget.py -v 2c -c public 192.168.99.32 1.3.6.1.4.1.77587.1827
SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.77587.1827 = OctetString: 0x7b226669656c645f6e616d65223a20227361745f696e666f3230222c202276616c7565223a20223130302e3530e5baa62c2031323734392e3735304d487a2c20e59e82e79bb4e69e81e58c96222c202274696d657374616d70223a20313634393932343430322e393835343134357d
pysnmp get1
from pysnmp.hlapi import *
iterator = getCmd(SnmpEngine(),
CommunityData('public'),
UdpTransportTarget(('192.168.99.32', 161)),
ContextData(),
ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('SNMPv2-MIB', 'sysDescr', 0)))
errorIndication, errorStatus, errorIndex, varBinds = next(iterator)
if errorIndication: # SNMP engine errors
print(errorIndication)
else:
if errorStatus: # SNMP agent errors
print('%s at %s' % (errorStatus.prettyPrint(), varBinds[int(errorIndex)-1] if errorIndex else '?'))
else:
for varBind in varBinds: # SNMP response contents
print(' = '.join([x.prettyPrint() for x in varBind]))
pysnmp get2
from pysnmp.hlapi import *
iterator = getCmd(SnmpEngine(),
CommunityData('public'),
UdpTransportTarget(('192.168.99.32', 161)),
ContextData(),
ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('1.3.6.1.4.1.77587.1765')))
errorIndication, errorStatus, errorIndex, varBinds = next(iterator)
if errorIndication: # SNMP engine errors
print(errorIndication)
else:
if errorStatus: # SNMP agent errors
print('%s at %s' % (errorStatus.prettyPrint(), varBinds[int(errorIndex)-1] if errorIndex else '?'))
else:
for varBind in varBinds: # SNMP response contents
print(' = '.join([x.prettyPrint() for x in varBind]))
python3中pysnmp八位字符串到hex的转换
<class 'pysnmp.smi.rfc1902.ObjectType'>
[ObjectIdentity(<ObjectName value object, tagSet <TagSet object, tags 0:0:6>, payload [1.3.6.1.4.1.77587.1827]>), <OctetString value object, tagSet <TagSet object, tags 0:0:4>, subtypeSpec <ConstraintsIntersection object, consts <ValueSizeConstraint object, consts 0, 65535>>, encoding iso-8859-1, payload [0x7b226669656c64...2e3835343737387d]>]
11
from pysnmp.hlapi import *
iterator = getCmd(SnmpEngine(),
CommunityData('public'),
UdpTransportTarget(('192.168.99.32', 161)),
ContextData(),
ObjectType(ObjectIdentity('1.3.6.1.4.1.77587.1827')))
errorIndication, errorStatus, errorIndex, varBinds = next(iterator)
if errorIndication: # SNMP engine errors
print(errorIndication)
else:
if errorStatus: # SNMP agent errors
print('%s at %s' % (errorStatus.prettyPrint(), varBinds[int(errorIndex)-1] if errorIndex else '?'))
else:
for varBind in varBinds: # SNMP response contents
print("\n+++++++++++++++++++++\n")
#print(varBind)
print(type(varBind))
print([x for x in varBind])
print("\n-----------1111-------------\n")
print(str(varBind))
print(tuple(varBind))
print(str(tuple(varBind)[1]).encode("latin1").decode("utf-8"))
print("\n-----------22222-------------\n")
print(' = '.join([x.prettyPrint() for x in varBind]))
@@@
-----------1111-------------
SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.77587.1827 = 0x7b226669656c645f6e616d65223a20227361745f696e666f3230222c202276616c7565223a20223130302e3530e5baa62c2031323734392e3735304d487a2c20e59e82e79bb4e69e81e58c96222c202274696d657374616d70223a20313634393932393136392e303531393635357d
(ObjectIdentity(<ObjectName value object, tagSet <TagSet object, tags 0:0:6>, payload [1.3.6.1.4.1.77587.1827]>), <OctetString value object, tagSet <TagSet object, tags 0:0:4>, subtypeSpec <ConstraintsIntersection object, consts <ValueSizeConstraint object, consts 0, 65535>>, encoding iso-8859-1, payload [0x7b226669656c64...303531393635357d]>)
{"field_name": "sat_info20", "value": "100.50度, 12749.750MHz, 垂直极化", "timestamp": 1649929169.0519655}
-----------22222-------------
22
--------
>>> from pysnmp.proto.rfc1902 import *
>>> ObjectIdentifier((1, 3, 6))
ObjectIdentifier('1.3.6')
>>> ObjectIdentifier('1.3.6')
ObjectIdentifier('1.3.6')
>>> tuple(ObjectIdentifier('1.3.6'))
(1, 3, 6)
>>> str(ObjectIdentifier('1.3.6'))
'1.3.6'
>>>
"""
local-agent.py snmpset
/home/jack/swork_snmp/PyAgentX3-master/samples/
sudo python local-agent.py
snmpwalk -v 2c -c public localhost 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2.1
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleInteger.0 = INTEGER: 9000
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleSleeper.0 = INTEGER: 0
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleString.0 = STRING: String for NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleScalars.4.0 = OID: SNMPv2-SMI::private.6.7
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleScalars.5.0 = IpAddress: 192.168.0.1
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleScalars.6.0 = Counter32: 2000
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleScalars.7.0 = Gauge32: 2000
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleScalars.8.0 = Timeticks: (31199) 0:05:11.99
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleScalars.9.0 = OPAQUE: 54 65 73 74
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleScalars.10.0 = Counter64: 32
snmpget -v 2c -c public localhost 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2.1.3.0
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleString.0 = STRING: String for NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB
snmpget -v 2c -c public localhost NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleString.0
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleString.0 = STRING: String for NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB
snmpset -v 2c -c public localhost NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleInteger.0 i 10
snmpset -v 2c -c public localhost NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleInteger.0 i 200
snmpset -v 2c -c public localhost NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleString.0 s “Test”
snmpset -v 2c -c public localhost 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2.1.1.0 10
1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2.1.1.0
snmpget -v 2c -c public localhost 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2.1.1.0
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleInteger.0 = INTEGER: 9000
snmpset -v 1 -c private localhost 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2.1.1.0 i 10
NET-SNMP-EXAMPLES-MIB::netSnmpExampleInteger.0 = INTEGER: 10
snmpset -v 2c -c public localhost 1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2.1.1.0 i 42
#
# snmpd.conf
# An example configuration file for configuring the Net-SNMP agent ('snmpd')
# See snmpd.conf(5) man page for details
#
###########################################################################
# SECTION: System Information Setup
#
# syslocation: The [typically physical] location of the system.
# Note that setting this value here means that when trying to
# perform an snmp SET operation to the sysLocation.0 variable will make
# the agent return the "notWritable" error code. IE, including
# this token in the snmpd.conf file will disable write access to
# the variable.
# arguments: location_string
sysLocation Sitting on the Dock of the Bay
sysContact Me <me@example.org>
# sysservices: The proper value for the sysServices object.
# arguments: sysservices_number
sysServices 72
###########################################################################
# SECTION: Agent Operating Mode
#
# This section defines how the agent will operate when it
# is running.
# master: Should the agent operate as a master agent or not.
# Currently, the only supported master agent type for this token
# is "agentx".
#
# arguments: (on|yes|agentx|all|off|no)
master agentx
#agentxSocket tcp:localhost:705
#agentxTimeout 5000
#agentxRetries 0
# agentaddress: The IP address and port number that the agent will listen on.
# By default the agent listens to any and all traffic from any
# interface on the default SNMP port (161). This allows you to
# specify which address, interface, transport type and port(s) that you
# want the agent to listen on. Multiple definitions of this token
# are concatenated together (using ':'s).
# arguments: [transport:]port[@interface/address],...
#agentaddress 127.0.0.1,[::1]
agentAddress udp:161
###########################################################################
# SECTION: Access Control Setup
#
# This section defines who is allowed to talk to your running
# snmp agent.
# Views
# arguments viewname included [oid]
# system + hrSystem groups only
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.4.1.77587
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2
# rocommunity: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-only access community name
# arguments: community [default|hostname|network/bits] [oid | -V view]
# Read-only access to everyone to the systemonly view
#rocommunity public default -V systemonly
#rocommunity6 public default -V systemonly
#
rocommunity public default
rwcommunity private default
rocommunity6 public default
rwcommunity6 private default
# SNMPv3 doesn't use communities, but users with (optionally) an
# authentication and encryption string. This user needs to be created
# with what they can view with rouser/rwuser lines in this file.
#
trap
apt install snmpd snmptrapd snmp-mibs-downloader
sudo service snmpd restart
sudo python local-agent.py
sudo snmptrapd -c /etc/snmp/snmptrapd.conf -f -Lo -d
配置文件内容 sudo cat snmpd.conf
###########################################################################
#
# snmpd.conf
# An example configuration file for configuring the Net-SNMP agent ('snmpd')
# See snmpd.conf(5) man page for details
#
###########################################################################
# SECTION: System Information Setup
#
# syslocation: The [typically physical] location of the system.
# Note that setting this value here means that when trying to
# perform an snmp SET operation to the sysLocation.0 variable will make
# the agent return the "notWritable" error code. IE, including
# this token in the snmpd.conf file will disable write access to
# the variable.
# arguments: location_string
sysLocation Sitting on the Dock of the Bay
sysContact Me <me@example.org>
# sysservices: The proper value for the sysServices object.
# arguments: sysservices_number
sysServices 72
###########################################################################
# SECTION: Agent Operating Mode
#
# This section defines how the agent will operate when it
# is running.
# master: Should the agent operate as a master agent or not.
# Currently, the only supported master agent type for this token
# is "agentx".
#
# arguments: (on|yes|agentx|all|off|no)
#
#
#
#trap2sink localhost public # send SNMPv1 traps
trapsink localhost public
# generate traps on UCD error conditions
defaultMonitors yes
# generate traps on linkUp/Down
linkUpDownNotifications yes
master agentx
#agentxSocket tcp:localhost:705
#agentxTimeout 5000
#agentxRetries 0
# agentaddress: The IP address and port number that the agent will listen on.
# By default the agent listens to any and all traffic from any
# interface on the default SNMP port (161). This allows you to
# specify which address, interface, transport type and port(s) that you
# want the agent to listen on. Multiple definitions of this token
# are concatenated together (using ':'s).
# arguments: [transport:]port[@interface/address],...
#agentaddress 127.0.0.1,[::1]
agentAddress udp:161
###########################################################################
# SECTION: Access Control Setup
#
# This section defines who is allowed to talk to your running
# snmp agent.
# Views
# arguments viewname included [oid]
# system + hrSystem groups only
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.4.1.77587
view systemonly included .1.3.6.1.4.1.8072.2
# rocommunity: a SNMPv1/SNMPv2c read-only access community name
# arguments: community [default|hostname|network/bits] [oid | -V view]
# Read-only access to everyone to the systemonly view
#rocommunity public default -V systemonly
#rocommunity6 public default -V systemonly
#
rocommunity public default
rwcommunity private default
rocommunity6 public default
rwcommunity6 private default
# SNMPv3 doesn't use communities, but users with (optionally) an
# authentication and encryption string. This user needs to be created
# with what they can view with rouser/rwuser lines in this file.
#
# createUser username (MD5|SHA|SHA-512|SHA-384|SHA-256|SHA-224) authpassphrase [DES|AES] [privpassphrase]
# e.g.
# createuser authPrivUser SHA-512 myauthphrase AES myprivphrase
#
# This should be put into /var/lib/snmp/snmpd.conf
#
# rouser: a SNMPv3 read-only access username
# arguments: username [noauth|auth|priv [OID | -V VIEW [CONTEXT]]]
rouser authPrivUser authpriv -V systemonly
sudo cat snmptrapd.conf
#
# EXAMPLE-trap.conf:
# An example configuration file for configuring the Net-SNMP snmptrapd agent.
#
###############################################################################
#
# This file is intended to only be an example.
# When the snmptrapd agent starts up, this is where it will look for it.
#
# All lines beginning with a '#' are comments and are intended for you
# to read. All other lines are configuration commands for the agent.
#
# PLEASE: read the snmptrapd.conf(5) manual page as well!
#
#authCommunity log,execute,net private
#authCommunity log,execute,net public
#
authCommunity log public
## send mail when get any events
#traphandle default /usr/bin/traptoemail -s smtp.example.org foobar@example.org
#
## send mail when get linkDown
#traphandle .1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.3 /usr/bin/traptoemail -s smtp.example.org foobar@example.org
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