题目描述
Given a binary tree, return the level order traversal of its nodes' values. (ie, from left to right, level by level).
For example:
Given binary tree{3,9,20,#,#,15,7},
3 / \ 9 20 / \ 15 7
return its level order traversal as:
[ [3], [9,20], [15,7] ]
confused what"{1,#,2,3}"means? > read more on how binary tree is serialized on OJ.
OJ's Binary Tree Serialization:
The serialization of a binary tree follows a level order traversal, where '#' signifies a path terminator where no node exists below.
Here's an example:
1 / \ 2 3 / 4 \ 5The above binary tree is serialized as"{1,2,3,#,#,4,#,#,5}".
分析:层序遍历二叉树是典型的广度优先搜索BFS的应用,但是这里稍微复杂一点的是,我们要把各个层的数分开,存到一个二维向量里面,大体思路还是基本相同的,建立一个queue,然后先把根节点放进去,这时候找根节点的左右两个子节点,这时候去掉根节点,此时queue里的元素就是下一层的所有节点,用一个for循环遍历它们,然后存到一个一维向量里,遍历完之后再把这个一维向量存到二维向量里,以此类推,可以完成层序遍历。代码如下:
/**
* Definition for binary tree
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
// Iterative
class Solution {
public:
vector<vector<int> > levelOrder(TreeNode *root) {
vector<vector<int> > res;
if (root == NULL) return res;
queue<TreeNode*> q;
q.push(root);
while (!q.empty()) {
vector<int> oneLevel;
int size = q.size();
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
TreeNode *node = q.front();
q.pop();
oneLevel.push_back(node->val);
if (node->left) q.push(node->left);
if (node->right) q.push(node->right);
}
res.push_back(oneLevel);
}
return res;
}
};