mysql 8.0二进制安装

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于 2023-05-03 20:59:27 首次发布

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mysql 8.0二进制安装

一、先卸载MySQL残留

1、查看mysql安装了哪些东西

[root@ansible opt]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

2、卸载查找出来的关于mysql的软件

yum remove *****

3、查看是否卸载完成

[root@ansible opt]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

4、查找mysql相关的目录

[root@ansible opt]# find / -name mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible/modules/database/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
/var/lib/mysql
/var/lib/mysql/mysql

备注：/etc/selinux 下面的是关于selinux和第二个python的mysql模块可以不管

5、删除查找到的相关目录

[root@ansible opt]# rm -rf /usr/lib64/mysql/ /var/lib/mysql/ 
[root@ansible opt]# find / -name mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible/modules/database/mysql

6、删除/etc/my.cnf和/var/log/mysqld.log

[root@ansible log]# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf /var/log/mysqld.log

注意：mysqld.log如果不删除，会导致新安装的mysql无法生成新密码，从而无法登录

7、删除系统上存在的mysql组和mysql用户（如果没有就不用）

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# groups mysql
mysql : mysql
[root@ansible mysql8.0]# userdel mysql
[root@ansible mysql8.0]# groupdel mysql
groupdel: group 'mysql' does not exist
[root@ansible mysql8.0]# groups mysql
groups: mysql: no such user

删除mysql的用户之后，他的属组也自动删除了。

二、下载安装包

1、在opt目录下创建mysql文件夹

[root@ansible log]# cd /mnt/ && mkdir mysql && cd mysql
[root@ansible mysql]#

2、使用wget下载mysql8.0的xz安装包

[root@ansible mysql]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
--2023-04-15 18:47:21--  https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 104.71.161.87, 2600:1417:76:68e::2e31, 2600:1417:76:681::2e31
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|104.71.161.87|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily
Location: https://cdn.mysql.com//archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz [following]
--2023-04-15 18:47:22--  https://cdn.mysql.com//archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
Resolving cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)... 104.99.49.31
Connecting to cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)|104.99.49.31|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 490922012 (468M) [text/plain]
Saving to: ‘mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz’

100%[==============================================================================================================================>] 490,922,012 8.14MB/s   in 59s    

2023-04-15 18:48:21 (7.98 MB/s) - ‘mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz’ saved [490922012/490922012]

三、解压mysql8.0安装包

1、解压

[root@ansible opt]# tar -xvJf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 
mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/
mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisam_ftdump
mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamchk
mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamlog
.....
.....
mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/share/install_rewriter.sql
mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/share/uninstall_rewriter.sql
[root@ansible opt]#

2、重命名解压后的mysql文件夹

[root@ansible opt]# mv mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql8.0

3、创建data存储文件

[root@ansible opt]# cd mysql8.0 && mkdir data

四、创建用户和用户组，并赋予权限

1、创建用户和用户组

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# groupadd mysql
[root@ansible mysql8.0]# useradd -g mysql mysql

2、给用户赋予权限

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql8.0

五、初始化MySQL信息

1、切换到mysql8.0安装路径下

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# cd /opt/mysql8.0/bin/

2、初始化MySQL基本信息

[root@ansible bin]# ./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql8.0 --datadir=/opt/mysql8.0/data/ --initialize 
2023-04-25T08:28:04.307581Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /opt/mysql8.0/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.20) initializing of server in progress as process 6268 
  ##正在初始化服务器，进程6268
2023-04-25T08:28:04.368515Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
  ##InnoDB初始化已经启动
2023-04-25T08:28:05.805777Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
  ##InnoDB初始化已经结束
2023-04-25T08:28:07.830439Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ewioIah9ik;1
  ##生成临时密码root@localhost：ewioIah9ik;1

六、添加mysqld服务到系统

1、将mysqld服务添加到系统中

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# pwd
/opt/mysql8.0
[root@ansible mysql8.0]# cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

2、授权以及添加服务

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql 
[root@ansible mysql8.0]# chkconfig --add mysql

3、mysql5.7以后就没有my.cnf了，所以我们创建一个。

vim /etc/my.cnf
# Example MySQL config file for small systems.  
#  
# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used  
# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon  
# doesn't use much resources.  
#  
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of  
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.  
# You can copy this option file to one of those  
# locations. For information about these locations, see:  
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html  
#  
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.  
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program  
# with the "--help" option.  
 
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients  
[client]  
default-character-set=utf8  
#password   = k0Ui&wV(Z3yt
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  
 
# Here follows entries for some specific programs  
 
# The MySQL server   
[mysqld]  
 
#配置mysql的文件夹 和 mysql data目录
basedir=/opt/mysql8.0
datadir=/opt/mysql8.0/data
default-storage-engine=INNODB  
character-set-server=utf8  
collation-server=utf8_general_ci  
port        = 3306 
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  
skip-external-locking  
key_buffer_size = 16K  
max_allowed_packet = 1M  
table_open_cache = 4 
sort_buffer_size = 64K  
read_buffer_size = 256K  
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K  
net_buffer_length = 2K  
thread_stack = 128K  
 
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.  
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.  
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows  
# (using the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!  
#   
#skip-networking  
server-id   = 1 
 
# Uncomment the following if you want to log updates  
#log-bin=mysql-bin  
 
# binary logging format - mixed recommended  
#binlog_format=mixed  
 
# Causes updates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be  
# written directly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that  
# there are no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional  
# tables such as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM  
# t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master.  
#binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates=TRUE  
 
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables  
#innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/data  
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/data  
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %  
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high  
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M  
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M  
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size  
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M  
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M  
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 
 
[mysqldump]  
quick  
max_allowed_packet = 16M  
 
[mysql]  
no-auto-rehash  
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL  
#safe-updates  
 
[myisamchk]  
key_buffer_size = 8M  
sort_buffer_size = 8M  
 
[mysqlhotcopy]  
interactive-timeout

https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_36244623/article/details/102856912 Linux上对于安装mysql5.7.xxx及以上版本没有my.cnf的解决方案

4、设置my.cnf权限

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# chmod 664 /etc/my.cnf

5、启动MySQL服务

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/mysql8.0/data/ansible.err'.
. SUCCESS!

如果出现下面报错

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# service mysql start
MySQL is not running, but lock file (/var/lock/subsys/mysql[FAILED])

处理办法：将/var/lock/subsys/下mysql文件删除

rm -rf /var/lock/subsys/mysql

6、查看MySQL服务状态

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# service mysql status
 SUCCESS! MySQL running (3262)

7、将mysql命令添加到服务

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# ln -s /opt/mysql8.0/bin/mysql /usr/bin

七、登录MySQL

1、登录密码使用之前随机生成的密码

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.20

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

2、修改管理员密码，其中wei1234是新的密码，按自己的设置。

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'wei1234';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

3、重新加载缓存，使密码生效。

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

4、退出MySQL，使用新密码登录

[root@ansible mysql8.0]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

八、修改mysql配置，使其可以用远程工具登录

mysql> update mysql.user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

UPDATE mysql.user set Host = ‘10.37.41.1’ where User = ‘username’;  授权单个ip

查看user表

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| root             | %         |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)