linuxQQ发送视频报错：no such file or directory, stat ‘/root/.config/QQ/nt_qq_**/nt_data/Video/2025-03/Thumb

报错场景

nonebot+napcat在接入插件链接分享解析器重制版nonebot-plugin-resolver2（1.7.0版本）时，在解析b站视频链接时，经常会发送视频失败，并报下面这段错误

报错详细代码

03-01 02:02:43 [INFO] nonebot | Event will be handled by Matcher(type='message', module=nonebot_plugin_resolver2.matchers.bilibili, lineno=42)
[Request][2025-03-01 02:02:43,478] 激活 buvid3: [0816D84D-6AB8-8F64-5032-17A4A7083FF363384infoc] 成功
03-01 02:02:47 [INFO] nonebot | Matcher(type='message', module=nonebot_plugin_resolver2.matchers.bilibili, lineno=42) running complete
03-01 02:02:47 [ERROR] nonebot | Running Matcher(type='message', module=nonebot_plugin_resolver2.matchers.bilibili, lineno=42) failed.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 17, in <module>
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/__init__.py", line 337, in run
    get_driver().run(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/drivers/fastapi.py", line 187, in run
    uvicorn.run(
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/uvicorn/main.py", line 579, in run
    server.run()
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/uvicorn/server.py", line 66, in run
    return asyncio.run(self.serve(sockets=sockets))
  File "/usr/lib/python3.12/asyncio/runners.py", line 194, in run
    return runner.run(main)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.12/asyncio/runners.py", line 118, in run
    return self._loop.run_until_complete(task)
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/utils.py", line 254, in run_coro_with_shield
    return await coro
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/message.py", line 506, in check_and_run_matcher
    await _run_matcher(
> File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/message.py", line 458, in _run_matcher
    await matcher.run(bot, event, state, stack, dependency_cache)
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/internal/matcher/matcher.py", line 926, in run
    await self.simple_run(bot, event, state, stack, dependency_cache)
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/internal/matcher/matcher.py", line 863, in simple_run
    await handler(
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/dependencies/__init__.py", line 113, in __call__
    return await cast(Callable[..., Awaitable[R]], self.call)(**values)
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot_plugin_resolver2/matchers/bilibili.py", line 312, in _
    await bilibili.send(await get_video_seg(video_path))
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/internal/matcher/matcher.py", line 570, in send
    return await bot.send(event=event, message=_message, **kwargs)
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/adapters/onebot/v11/bot.py", line 237, in send
    return await self.__class__.send_handler(self, event, message, **kwargs)
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/adapters/onebot/v11/bot.py", line 190, in send
    return await bot.send_msg(**params)
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/internal/adapter/bot.py", line 176, in call_api
    raise exception
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/internal/adapter/bot.py", line 128, in call_api
    result = await self.adapter._call_api(self, api, **data)
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/adapters/onebot/v11/adapter.py", line 175, in _call_api
    return handle_api_result(await self._result_store.fetch(seq, timeout))
  File "/root/ali-tsugu-test01/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot/adapters/onebot/v11/utils.py", line 58, in handle_api_result
    raise ActionFailed(**result)
nonebot.adapters.onebot.v11.exception.ActionFailed: ActionFailed(status='failed', retcode=1200, data=None, message="ENOENT: no such file or directory, stat '/root/.config/QQ/nt_qq_7****6135d56846/nt_data/Video/2025-03/Thumb/664a0871a3c5d76ed43ff4445a05fd0a_0.png'", wording="ENOENT: no such file or directory, stat '/root/.config/QQ/nt_qq_7****6135d56846/nt_data/Video/2025-03/Thumb/664a0871a3c5d76ed43ff4445a05fd0a_0.png'", echo='5')

报错分析

读代码可知，报错源于/root/.config/QQ/nt_qq_7****6135d56846/nt_data/Video/2025-03/Thumb/664a0871a3c5d76ed43ff4445a05fd0a_0.png该路径的图片缺少，而这个图片是QQ在用户发送视频时自动生成的预览缩略图。
而我们查看同目录上一级下的Ori文件夹，以及/root/.config/QQ/NapCat/temp、和/root/.cache/nonebot2/nonebot_plugin_resolver2这三处地方都可以看到，视频实际上正常下载成功了，具体代码是通过下载视频流和音频流，然后合并得到的。
合并代码位于/root/my-nonebot/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/nonebot_plugin_resolver2/download/command.py150行附近：

async def merge_av(v_path: Path, a_path: Path, output_path: Path):
    """helper function to merge video and audio

    Args:
        v_path (Path): video path
        a_path (Path): audio path
        output_path (Path): ouput path

    Raises:
        RuntimeError: ffmpeg未安装或命令执行失败
    """
    logger.info(f"Merging {v_path.name} and {a_path.name} to {output_path.name}")
    # 构建 ffmpeg 命令, localstore already path.resolve()
    command = f'ffmpeg -y -i "{v_path}" -i "{a_path}" -c copy "{output_path}"'
    result = await asyncio.get_event_loop().run_in_executor(
        None,
        lambda: subprocess.call(
            command, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL
        ),
    )
    if result != 0:
        raise RuntimeError("ffmpeg未安装或命令执行失败")
    # 删除原始文件
    v_path.unlink()
    a_path.unlink()

然而这个合并的视频格式是 av1 编码，这是一种较新的视频编码格式，因此笔者推测QQ 可能对 av1 编码的支持不完善，导致无法正确处理或生成缩略图。

解决办法

为此，我们应该将视频格式修改为更常见的 h264 编码，修改上面的函数为：

import asyncio
import subprocess
from pathlib import Path
import logging

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

async def merge_av(v_path: Path, a_path: Path, output_path: Path):
    """合并视频和音频文件，并生成 QQ 兼容的 MP4 文件

    Args:
        v_path (Path): 视频文件路径
        a_path (Path): 音频文件路径
        output_path (Path): 输出文件路径

    Raises:
        RuntimeError: ffmpeg 未安装或命令执行失败
        FileNotFoundError: 视频或音频文件不存在
        PermissionError: 文件权限不足
    """
    logger.info(f"Merging {v_path.name} and {a_path.name} to {output_path.name}")

    # 确保输入文件存在
    if not v_path.exists() or not a_path.exists():
        raise FileNotFoundError("视频或音频文件不存在")

    # 构建 ffmpeg 命令
    # 使用 h264 视频编码和 aac 音频编码，确保 QQ 兼容
    command = [
        "ffmpeg",
        "-y",  # 覆盖输出文件
        "-i", str(v_path),  # 输入视频文件
        "-i", str(a_path),  # 输入音频文件
        "-c:v", "libx264",  # 使用 h264 视频编码
        "-c:a", "aac",  # 使用 aac 音频编码
        "-strict", "experimental",  # 允许使用实验性编码
        "-vf", "scale=1280:720",  # 限制分辨率为 1280x720（可选）
        "-b:v", "1000k",  # 限制视频码率为 1000k（可选）
        str(output_path),  # 输出文件
    ]

    try:
        # 使用 asyncio 创建子进程执行 ffmpeg 命令
        process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
            *command,
            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
            stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
        )

        # 等待命令执行完成
        stdout, stderr = await process.communicate()

        # 检查命令返回值
        if process.returncode != 0:
            logger.error(f"ffmpeg 命令执行失败: {stderr.decode()}")
            raise RuntimeError("ffmpeg 命令执行失败")

        logger.info(f"合并成功: {output_path.name}")

        # 合并成功后删除原始文件
        v_path.unlink()
        a_path.unlink()
        logger.info(f"已删除原始文件: {v_path.name} 和 {a_path.name}")

    except FileNotFoundError:
        logger.error("ffmpeg 未安装")
        raise RuntimeError("ffmpeg 未安装")
    except PermissionError:
        logger.error("文件权限不足")
        raise PermissionError("文件权限不足")
    except Exception as e:
        logger.error(f"合并失败: {str(e)}")
        raise RuntimeError(f"合并失败: {str(e)}")

然后视频便发送成功了，问题解决。

特别感谢：deepseek