OSPF 综合实验

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-07 22:05:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-07 22:05:03 发布

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文章标签：网络

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_72104132/article/details/131902677

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该配置过程涉及了OSPF网络的搭建，包括子网划分、路由器接口及环回地址配置，以及R3、R5、R6和R7的缺省路由和NAT设置。在R3、R5、R6和R7之间创建了GRE隧道，并启用了OSPF以实现网络互通。同时，进行了网络类型的修改、路由汇总和区域设定，部分区域被配置为Stub或NSSA，以减少LSA更新和加快收敛。此外，还设置了空接口以优化路由策略。

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要求

1.R4为ISP,其上只能配置IP地址；R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP
2.R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点
3.整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分
4.所有设备均可访问R4的环回
5.减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全
6.全网可达

步骤：

1.规划IP 地址

对172.16.0.0/16进行子网划分

Area0:172.16.0.0/19

Area1:172.16.32.0/19

Area2:172.16.64.0/19

Area3:172.16.96.0/19

Area4:172.16.128.0/19

RIP:172.16.160/19

2.配置路由器各接口以及环回的IP地址

R1

[R1]int l0

[R1-LoopBack0]172.16.33.1 25

[R1]int g0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.32.1 25

R2

[R2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 25
[R2-LoopBack0]int g0/00/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.32.2 25

R3

[R3]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.35.1 25
[R3-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.32.3 25

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.3 24

R4

[R4]int s4/0/0
[R4-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.4 24
[R4-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[R4-Serial4/0/1]ip address 45.1.1.4 24
[R4-Serial4/0/1]int s3/0/0
[R4-Serial3/0/0]ip address 46.1.1.4 24
[R4-Serial3/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.1.1.4 24

[R5]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.1.1 25

R5

[R5]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 45.1.1.5 24

[R6-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.64.1 30

[R6]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 46.1.1.6 24

[R6]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.2.1 25

R7

[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.1.1.7 24

[R7] int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.96.1 30

[R7]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.3.1 25

R8

[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.96.2 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.96.5 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.97.1 25

R9

[R9]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.96.6 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.128.1 30

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.129.1 25

R10

[R10]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.128.2 30
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.130.1 25

R11

[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.64.2 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.65.1 25
[R11-LoopBack0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.64.5 30

R12

[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.64.6 30
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.160.1 25
[R12-LoopBack0]int l1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.161.1 25

3.配置R3 R5 R6 R7的缺省路由以及NAT

R3

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.1.1.4

[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R3-acl-basic-2000]q
[R3]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R5

[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.1.1.4

[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R5-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R6

[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.1.1.4

[R6]acl 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R6-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R7

[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.1.1.4

[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule 1 permit source any
[R7-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

4.R3 R5 R6 R7 创建隧道

R3

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.1 25
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.1.1.3
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

R5

[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.2 25
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.1.1.3 register
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

R6

[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.3 25
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.1.1.3 register
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

R7

[R7]int t0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.4 25
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.1.1.3 register
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

5.启用OSPF

R1

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R2

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R3

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.35.1 0.0.0.0

R5

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R6

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.3 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.2.1 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.1 0.0.0.0

R7

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.4 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 1
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.3.1 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.1 0.0.0.0

R8

[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R9

[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.6 0.0.0.0

[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]q
[R9-ospf-1]area 4
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.1 0.0.0.0
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0

R10

[R10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-1]area 4
[R10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R11

[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R12

[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.6 0.0.0.0

[R12]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]version 2
[R12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

6. 修改网络类型

R3

[R3]int t0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

R5

[R5]INT Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R6

[R6]int t0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R7

[R7]int t0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

7.重发布

R9

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]area 4
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]q
[R9-ospf-1]area 4
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.128.1 0.0.0.0

[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0

[R9-ospf-1]undo area 4

[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]area 4

[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.1 0.0.0.0

[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2

R12

[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip

8.汇总(域内和域外）

区域1

R3

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0

区域2

R6

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

区域3

R7

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0

域外

R9

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

R12

[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0

R1

[R1]ospf 1

[R1-ospf-1]area 1

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

R2

[R2]ospf 1

[R2-ospf-1]area 1

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

R3

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

R6

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

R11

[R11]ospf 1
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

R12

[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

R6

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

R7

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

R8

[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

R9

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]are
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

R7

[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

9.做空接口

[R3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0

[R7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0

[R6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0

[R9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0

[R12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0

10.测试.