nginx上location的扩展！！！

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-28 14:21:08 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-02-28 14:21:08 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_57720070/article/details/118290068

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1. location中的相关修饰符！

修饰符	功能
=	精确匹配
-	正则表达式模式匹配，区分大小写
~*	正则表达式模式匹配，不区分大小写
^~	前缀匹配，类似于无修饰符的行为，也是以指定模块开始，不同的是，如果模式匹配，那么就停止搜索其他模式了，不支持正则表达式
@	定义命名location区段，这些区段客户端不能访问，只可以由内部产生的请求来访问，如try_files或error_page等

1.1 查找顺序优先级为！！！

带有=的精确匹配优先
正则表达式按照他们在配置文件中定义的顺序
带有^~ 修饰符的，开头匹配
带有~ 或~*修饰符的，如果正则表达式与URI匹配
没有修饰符的精确匹
( location = 路径 ) --> ( location ^~ 路径 ) --> ( location ~ 正则 ) --> ( location ~* 正则 ) --> ( location 路径 )

配

2. 测试！！！

2.1 当没有修饰符的时候！！

[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
        location /abc {
            echo "abc";
        }
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# nginx -s reload
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abc
abc
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abcd
abc
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abc\?p1\=1\&p2\=3
abc
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abc/
abc

2.2 精确匹配！！！


[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
        location  /abc {
            echo "abc";
        }

        location = /abcd {
            echo "abcd";
        }
        
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# nginx -s reload
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abcd
abcd
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abcdfg
abc
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/ABC
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.20.1</center>
</body>
</html>

2.3 区分大小写！！！

[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
        location  /abc {
            echo "abc";
        }

        location = /abcd {
            echo "abcd";
        }

        location ~ ^/abcdef$ {
            echo "abcdef"；
        }
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# nginx -s reload
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abcd
abcd
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abcdef
abcdef
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abcdeF
abc
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/AbcdeF
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.20.1</center>
</body>
</html>
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/ABCdeF
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.20.1</center>
</body>
</html>

2.4 不区分大小写！！

[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
        location ~* ^/abcdefg${
            echo "abcdefg";
        }

[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# nginx -s reload
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abcdefg
abcdefg
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/ABCDEFG
abcdefg
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/ABCdefg
abcdefg
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/ABC
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.20.1</center>
</body>
</html>

2.5 优先级！！！


          location  /abc {
            echo "abc";
        }

        location = /abc {
            echo "abcd";
        }

        location ~ ^/abcdef$ {
            echo "abcdefg";
        }

        location ~* ^/abcdef$ {
            echo "abcdef";
        }


[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abc
abcd
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abcdergh
abc
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/abcdef
abcdefg
[root@localhost nginx-1.20.1]# curl 192.168.160.150/ABCDEF
abcdef