OSPF综合实验

拓扑图：

 

 实验要求：

1、R4为ISP，其上只能配置IP地址: R4与其他所有直连设备间使用公有IP；
2、R3---R5/6/7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点；
3、整个OSPF环境IP地址为172.16.0.0/16

4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回;

5、减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全

6、全网可答

操作：

一、子网划分

 需要6个网段，借三位

172.16.0.0/16
172.16.0.0/19     区域0
172.16.32.0/19    区域1
172.16.64.0/19    区域3
172.16.96.0/19    区域8
172.16.128.0/19   区域4
172.16.160.0/19   区域5
172.16.192.0/19   区域6
172.16.224.0/19   区域7

172.16.0.0/19(当骨干)
172.16.0.0/25
172.16.1.0/25
172.16.1.0-172.16.1.128/25
172.16.1.128/25
172.16.0.0/29（当MA骨干）
172.16.0.128（当点到点骨干） 

二、具体配置

R1:
[r1]int g 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 29
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24
 
R2:
[r2]int g 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.2 29
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.35.1 24
 
R3:
[r3]int s 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.1 24
[r3-Serial4/0/0]
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2----缺省
 
R4:
[isp]int Serial 4/0/0
[isp-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/0]int s 4/0/1
[isp-Serial4/0/1]ip address 54.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial4/0/1]int s 3/0/0
[isp-Serial3/0/0]ip address 64.0.0.2 24
[isp-Serial3/0/0]int g 0/0/0
[isp-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 74.0.0.2 24
 
R5:
[r5]int s 4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 54.0.0.1 24
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 54.0.0.2----缺省
 
R6:
[r6]int s 4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 64.0.0.1 24
[r6-Serial4/0/0]
[r6-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.1 29
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 64.0.0.2---缺省
 
R7:
[r7]int g 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 74.0.0.1 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[r7]int g 0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.1 29\
[r7]ip route-static  0.0.0.0 0 74.0.0.2---缺省
 
R8:
[r8]int g 0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.2 29
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.98.1 24
[r8-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.9 29
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
 
R9:
[r9]int g 0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad    
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.10 29
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.129.1 29
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.130.1 24
[r9-LoopBack0]
 
R10:
[r10]int g 0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.129.2 29
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.131.1 24
[r10-LoopBack0]
 
R11:
[r11]int g 0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.2 29 
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.66.1 24
[r11-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.65.9 29
 
r12:
[r12]int g 0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.10 29
[r12-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.176.1 20
[r12-LoopBack1]int lo0
[r12-LoopBack0]undo ip address 172.16.160.1 24
[r12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.160.1 20
 
 

三、构建私网（MGRE）

AR3
 
[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.1 29  
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp  
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic 
 
AR5
 
[r5]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.2 29 
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp   
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0    
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100 
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register 
 
 
AR6
 
[r6]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.3 29  
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp   
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0 
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register 
 
AR7
 
[r7]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.4 29  
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register 

MAP：

 四、公网通

AR1
 
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 
AR2
 
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 
AR3
 
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.7.255
 
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net    
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
 
AR5
 
[r5]ospf 1 rout    
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0  
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 
AR6
 
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
 
AR7
 
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0   
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.7.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
 
AR8
 
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 
AR9
 
[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]a 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
 
AR10
 
[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]a 4 
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 
AR11
 
[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
 
AR12
 
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]a 2 
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]v 2
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0

[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp

在R12上重发布

[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1

area4重新开启一个进程，使它成为域外区域

开启进程2
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]area 4                         
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo net 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]q
[r9-ospf-1]undo area 4
[r9-ospf-1]q    
[r9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-2]area 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
r10也一样
[r10]ospf 1
[r10-ospf-1]area 4    
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]q
[r10-ospf-1]undo a 4
[r10-ospf-1]
[r10-ospf-1]q
[r10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-2]area 4    
[r10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

给area写缺省，指向域外

[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r9-ospf-1]
[r9-ospf-1]q
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise

然后再对r10写一条指向r9的缺省

[r10]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.129.9

以上，私网就通了

五、减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全

在ABR的设备上做域间路由汇总以及ASBR的设备上做域外路由汇总

对r3
[r3]ospf 1    
[r3-ospf-1]area 1    
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
 
对r6
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
 
对r7
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
 
对r12
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
 
对r9
[r9]ospf 1    
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

AR1
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub 
 
AR2
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub 
 
AR3
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 
 
AR6
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2  
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
 
AR11
r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]a 2  
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa 
 
AR12
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa 
 
AR7
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
 
AR8
[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa 
 
AR9
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]a 3 
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa

对ABR及ASBR做过子网汇总的路由器做空接口来进行防环

[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0
[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0

nat地址的转换

AR3
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]int s 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
 
AR5
[r5]acl 2000   
[r5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
 
AR6
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-acl-basic-2000]q
[r6]int Serial 4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
 
AR7
[r7]acl 2000    
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]

对AREA1进行区域认证的配置，保证更新安全

将一台设备在某个区域内所有激活的接口 配置接口认证

AR1:
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
 
AR2:
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
 
AR3:
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

证明全网可达：