Linux DHCP服务器配置实验

实验1.DHCP配置服务器

设置服务器

添加本地网络适配器

打开虚拟网络编辑器。查看子网，将DHCP关闭

设置网络连接：

设置DHCP

1.下载DHCP：可以将网卡切换会NAT模式，下载DHCP后切回。

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install dhcp

2.打开DHCP配置文件：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 
#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
#   see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example
#   see dhcpd.conf(5) man page
#
~                              

复制/usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example。

将/usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example文件内容复制到dhcpd.conf上。

[root@localhost ~]# cp -p /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf 
cp：是否覆盖"/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf"？  y

编辑dhcpd.conf

# option definitions common to all supported networks...
option domain-name "example.org";
option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
  range 192.168.100.10 192.168.100.20; #地址池
  option routers 192.168.100.100;#网关
  default-lease-time 600; #租期:600s
  max-lease-time 7200; #最长租期：7200s
}

启动DHCP：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start dhcpd
Job for dhcpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status dhcpd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

查看DHCP状态

[root@localhost dhcp]# netstat -anup | grep dhcpd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*                           5719/dhcpd         

2.设置PC

将PC网卡设成与Linux一样的

进入主机打开ipconfig

扩展：设置win10固定IP地址

我们可以更改数据将win10的ip地址设置为固定的地址
1.找到pc的MAC地址：

ipconfig /all
复制物理地址后的数字粘贴到dhcpd.conf配置文件中：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
省略部分
.......
 70 host fantasia {
 71   hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:6F:2A:D3;
 72   fixed-address 193.168.100.88;  #设置想要设置的网段下的IP地址。可以超过地址池。
 73 }
 省略部分
.......

重启network，DHCP

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd

查看DHCPD状态

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anup | grep dhcpd
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*                           6375/dhcpd          

释放PC源IP地址：ipconfig /release

重新获取地址：ipconfig /renew

实验2.ensp获取Linux服务器地址池地址

二层交换机：配置vlan
Sw
[sw]vlan batch 10 20 192
[sw]int e0/0/1
[sw-Ethernet0/0/1]p l a
[sw-Ethernet0/0/1]p d v 10
[sw-Ethernet0/0/1]int e0/0/2
[sw-Ethernet0/0/2]p l a
[sw-Ethernet0/0/2]p d v 20
[sw-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/4
[sw-Ethernet0/0/4]p l a 
[sw-Ethernet0/0/4]p d v 192

三层路由：配置vlanif ip。
RW
[RW]vlan batch 10 20 192
[RW]int vlan 10
[RW-Vlanif10]ip a 192.168.10.1 24
[RW-Vlanif10]int vlan 20
[RW-Vlanif20]ip a 192.168.20.1 24
[RW-Vlanif20]int vlan 192
[RW-Vlanif192]ip a 192.168.192.1 24

Linux 配置文件加入网关：

Vim /etc/sysconfig/network--scripts/ifcfg-ens33
GATEWAY=192.168.40.1

更新网络

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart network

开启dhcp

[RW-Vlanif10]dhcp selct relay
[RW-Vlanif20]dhcp selct relay
[RW-Vlanif192]dhcp selct relay

将服务器网络地址注入接口：

[RW-Vlanif192]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.40.66
[RW-Vlanif10]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.40.66
[RW-Vlanif20]dhcp relay server-ip 192.168.40.66

PC1获取网址，ping通Linux

PC2获取网址，ping通Linux

如果没有将Linux服务器网络地址注入接口将获取不到网址。并ping不通