Redis数据类型

Chet 豪

已于 2022-05-18 22:46:53 修改

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文章标签： redis 缓存数据库

于 2022-05-11 09:00:00 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_52457745/article/details/124462964

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Redis操作

一、key键操作

(一)设置key-value

[root@localhost admin]# /usr/local/bin/redis-server /etc/redis.conf 
[root@localhost admin]# /usr/local/bin/redis-cli 
127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 value1 
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> set key2 value2 
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> set key3 value3 
OK
127.0.0.1:6379>

(二)查询key

查询所有

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "key3"
2) "key1"
3) "key2"

查询单个

127.0.0.1:6379> exists k1
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> exists key1
(integer) 1

查询类型

127.0.0.1:6379> type key1
string

删除
del 立即删除
unlink 异步删除

127.0.0.1:6379> del key3
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> unlink key2
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "key1"

设置过期时间，单位s
-2表示过期
-1表示永不过期

127.0.0.1:6379> expire key3 15
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key3
(integer) 9
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key3
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key2
(integer) -1

查询key的个数
dbsize

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "key1"
2) "key2"
127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize
(integer) 2

切换数据库

127.0.0.1:6379> select 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

清空当前库

127.0.0.1:6379> flushdb
OK

清空所有库

127.0.0.1:6379> flushall
OK

二、字符串

设置值

127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 value1 
OK

取值

127.0.0.1:6379> get key1
"value1"

追加值

127.0.0.1:6379> append key1 value001
(integer) 14
127.0.0.1:6379> get key1
"value1value001"

值长度

127.0.0.1:6379> strlen key1
(integer) 14

不覆盖设置值

127.0.0.1:6379> setnx key1 123
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> setnx key4 value4
(integer) 1

加减值

127.0.0.1:6379> setnx key5 500
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> incr key5
(integer) 501
127.0.0.1:6379> decr key5
(integer) 500
127.0.0.1:6379> incrby key5 10
(integer) 510
127.0.0.1:6379> decrby key5 20
(integer) 490

多个赋值

127.0.0.1:6379> mset k1 v1 k2 v2 k3 v3
OK

多个取值

127.0.0.1:6379> mget k1 k2 k3
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
3) "v3"

多个不覆盖设置值

127.0.0.1:6379> msetnx k1 v1 k2 v2 k3 v3
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> msetnx k11 v11 k22 v22 k33 v33
(integer) 1

字符串截取

127.0.0.1:6379> setrange key offset value
127.0.0.1:6379> getrange key start end

设值时设置过期时间

127.0.0.1:6379> setex key seconds value

获取并替换值

127.0.0.1:6379> getset key value

三、链表

头部添加lpush

127.0.0.1:6379> lpush k1 v1 v2 v3
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange k1 0 5
1) "v3"
2) "v2"
3) "v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange k1 0 -1
1) "v3"
2) "v2"
3) "v1"

尾部添加rpush

127.0.0.1:6379> rpush k2 v1 v2 v3
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange k2 0 -1
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
3) "v3"

头部取值lpop
尾部取值rpop

127.0.0.1:6379> lrange k1 0 -1
1) "v3"
2) "v2"
3) "v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> lpop k1
"v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> rpop k1
"v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange k1 0 -1
1) "v2"

rpoplpush
key1尾部取值加入key2头部

127.0.0.1:6379> rpoplpush k1 k2
"v2"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange k2 0 -1
1) "v2"
2) "v1"
3) "v2"
4) "v3"

获取长度llen

127.0.0.1:6379> llen k2
(integer) 4

linsert key BEFORE|AFTER pivot element
链表的第一个指定值前/后插入一个值

127.0.0.1:6379> linsert k2 before "v2" "v22"
(integer) 5
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange k2 0 -1
1) "v22"
2) "v2"
3) "v1"
4) "v2"
5) "v3"

lrem key count element
删除key的n个指定元素

127.0.0.1:6379> lrem k2 2 "v2"
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange k2 0 -1
1) "v22"
2) "v1"
3) "v3"

lset key index element
替换索引为n的值为指定值

127.0.0.1:6379> lset k2 0 "v2"
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange k2 0 -1
1) "v2"
2) "v1"
3) "v3"

四、Set集合

sadd key member [member …]
设置集合的值

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k1 v1 v2 v3
(integer) 3

smembers k1
查看集合的值

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers k1
1) "v3"
2) "v1"
3) "v2"

sismember key member
查看集合是否存在某值

127.0.0.1:6379> sismember k1 v1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sismember k1 v4
(integer) 0

scard key
查看集合长度

127.0.0.1:6379> scard k1
(integer) 3

srem key member [member …]
移除集合指定值

127.0.0.1:6379> srem k1 v3
(integer) 1

spop key [count]
随即吐出一个值

127.0.0.1:6379> spop k1
"v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> spop k1
"v2"
127.0.0.1:6379> spop k1
(nil)

srandmember key [count]
随即取出n个值

127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember k1 2
1) "v3"
2) "v1"
127.0.0.1:6379> srandmember k1 2
1) "v1"
2) "v2"

smove source destination member
将集合中的一个值移动到另一个集合
v3存在于k1，k2，集合中的值唯一

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd k2 v3 v4 v5
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> smove k1 k2 v3
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers k2
1) "v5"
2) "v3"
3) "v4"

sinter key [key …]
取交集

127.0.0.1:6379> sinter k1 k2
1) "v3"

sunion key [key …]
取并集

127.0.0.1:6379> sunion k1 k2
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
3) "v3"
4) "v5"
5) "v4"

sdiff key [key …]
取差集,存在于第一个key，不存在于第二个key集合

127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k1 k2
1) "v1"
2) "v2"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff k2 k1
1) "v5"
2) "v4"

五、哈希

hset key field value [field value …]
添加数据

127.0.0.1:6379> hset user id 1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hset user name jack

hget key field
获取数据

127.0.0.1:6379> hget user id
"1"

hmset key field value [field value …]
添加多个数据
hmget key field [field …]
获取多个数据

127.0.0.1:6379> hmset user sex male age 30
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> hmget user id name sex age
1) "1"
2) "jack"
3) "male"
4) "30"

hexists key field

127.0.0.1:6379> hexists user id
(integer) 1

hkeys key

127.0.0.1:6379> hkeys user
1) "id"
2) "name"
3) "sex"
4) "age"

hvals key

127.0.0.1:6379> hvals user
1) "1"
2) "jack"
3) "male"
4) "30"

hincrby key field increment

127.0.0.1:6379> hincrby user age 6
(integer) 36
127.0.0.1:6379> hvals user
1) "1"
2) "jack"
3) "male"
4) "36"

hsetnx key field value

127.0.0.1:6379> hsetnx user age 20
(integer) 0

Zset

zadd key [NX|XX] [GT|LT] [CH] [INCR] score member [score member …]
添加数据

127.0.0.1:6379> zadd rank 200 java 300 javascript 400 php 500 golang
(integer) 4

zrange key min max [BYSCORE|BYLEX] [REV] [LIMIT offset count] [WITHSCORES]
查询所有数据

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange rank 0 -1
1) "java"
2) "javascript"
3) "php"
4) "golang"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange rank 0 -1 withscores
1) "java"
2) "200"
3) "javascript"
4) "300"
5) "php"
6) "400"
7) "golang"
8) "500"

zrangebyscore key min max [WITHSCORES] [LIMIT offset count]
查询指定范围数据

127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore rank 300 500
1) "javascript"
2) "php"
3) "golang"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore rank 300 500 withscores
1) "javascript"
2) "300"
3) "php"
4) "400"
5) "golang"
6) "500"

z+rev+range
从大到小排序查询

127.0.0.1:6379> ZREVRANGE rank 0 -1 withscores
1) "golang"
2) "500"
3) "php"
4) "400"
5) "javascript"
6) "300"
7) "java"
8) "200"

zincrby key increment member
指定元素增加

127.0.0.1:6379> zincrby rank 150 java
"350"
127.0.0.1:6379> ZREVRANGE rank 0 -1 withscores
1) "golang"
2) "500"
3) "php"
4) "400"
5) "java"
6) "350"
7) "javascript"
8) "300"

zrem key member [member …]
删除
zcount key min max
查询指定范围内元素个数
zrank key member
查询指定元素排名

127.0.0.1:6379> zrank rank java
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank rank java
(integer) 2

六、Bitmaps

Bitmaps本质是个字符串，但是可以进行位操作
8为代表一个字符

在这里插入图片描述

setbit key offset value
设置指定偏移量的值，0/1

127.0.0.1:6379> setbit users 1 1
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> setbit users 3 1
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> setbit users 5 1
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> setbit users 7 1
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> setbit users 9 1
(integer) 0

getbit key offset
获取指定偏移量的值

127.0.0.1:6379> getbit users 9
(integer) 1

bitcount key [start end]
获取key中1的数量
[start end]中代表一个字节所占的8位，而不是1位
-1表示最后1位

127.0.0.1:6379> bitcount users 0 0
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> bitcount users 0 1
(integer) 5
127.0.0.1:6379> bitcount users 0 -1
(integer) 7

bitop operation destkey key [key …]
对一个或多个保存二进制位的字符串 key 进行位元操作，并将结果保存到 destkey 上。
operation 可以是 AND 、 OR 、 NOT 、 XOR 这四种操作中的任意一种：
BITOP AND destkey key [key …] ，对一个或多个 key 求逻辑并，并将结果保存到 destkey 。
BITOP OR destkey key [key …] ，对一个或多个 key 求逻辑或，并将结果保存到 destkey 。
BITOP XOR destkey key [key …] ，对一个或多个 key 求逻辑异或，并将结果保存到 destkey 。
BITOP NOT destkey key ，对给定 key 求逻辑非，并将结果保存到 destkey 。

redis> SETBIT bits-1 0 1        # bits-1 = 1001
(integer) 0

redis> SETBIT bits-1 3 1
(integer) 0

redis> SETBIT bits-2 0 1        # bits-2 = 1011
(integer) 0

redis> SETBIT bits-2 1 1
(integer) 0

redis> SETBIT bits-2 3 1
(integer) 0

redis> BITOP AND and-result bits-1 bits-2
(integer) 1

redis> GETBIT and-result 0      # and-result = 1001
(integer) 1

redis> GETBIT and-result 1
(integer) 0

redis> GETBIT and-result 2
(integer) 0

redis> GETBIT and-result 3
(integer) 1

七、HyperLogLog

pfadd key element [element …]
添加元素,自动去重

127.0.0.1:6379> pfadd id 1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> pfadd id 2
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> pfadd id 3
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> pfadd id 1
(integer) 0

PFCOUNT key [key …]
查看基数数量

127.0.0.1:6379> PFCOUNT id
(integer) 3

PFMERGE destkey sourcekey [sourcekey …]
合并

127.0.0.1:6379> pfadd num 4 5
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> PFMERGE merge id num
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> PFCOUNT merge
(integer) 5

八、Geospatial

geoadd key [NX|XX] [CH] longitude latitude member [longitude latitude member …]
添加坐标

GEOADD city 111.00 28.00  bj
(integer) 1

geopos key member [member …]
获取坐标

127.0.0.1:6379> GEOPOS city bj
1) 1) "110.99999874830245972"
   2) "27.99999879696989069"

geodist key member1 member2 [m|km|ft|mi]
获取两点间距离

127.0.0.1:6379> GEOADD city 128.00 32.00 sh
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> GEODIST city bj sh
"1694783.0049"

GEORADIUS key longitude latitude radius m|km|ft|mi [WITHCOORD] [WITHDIST] [WITHHASH] [COUNT count [ANY]] [ASC|DESC] [STORE key] [STORE
获取以某点为圆心，半径xxx中是否存在坐标点

127.0.0.1:6379> GEORADIUS city 120 30 500 km
(empty array)
127.0.0.1:6379> GEORADIUS city 120 30 1000 km
1) "sh"
2) "bj"