基本概念
在不改变源代码的基础上,扩展功能
底层原理
1.连接点
类里面的那些方法可以增强,这些方法被称为连接点
2.切入点
实际真正被增强的方法,称为切入点
3.通知(增强)
实际增强的逻辑部分被称为通知
通知有多种类型
前置通知
后置通知
环绕通知
异常通知
最终通知finally永远会执行
4.切面
把通知应用到切入点
引入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.3.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.sourceforge.cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>com.springsource.net.sf.cglib</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>com.springsource.org.aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver</artifactId>
<version>1.7.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>Sonatype</id>
<name>Sonatype Repository</name>
<url>http://repository.sonatype.org/content/groups/public/</url>
<layout>default</layout>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
4、切入点表达式
(1)切入点表达式作用:知道对哪个类里面的哪个方法进行增强
(2)语法结构:
execution([权限修饰符][返回类型][类全路径][方法名称] ([参数列表]))
举例1:对com.atguigu.dao.BookDao类里面的add进行增强vexecution(* com.atguig.u.dao.BookDao.add(. .))
举例2:对com.atquigu.dao.BookDao类里面的所有的方法进行增强execution(* com.atguigu.dao.BookDao.*(. .))
举例3:对com.atguigu.dao包里面所有类,类里面所有方法进行增强execution(* com.atguigu.dao.* .*(. .))
AOP操作(Aspectj注解)
被代理的类
package com.su.aopanno;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class User {
public void add(){
System.out.println("add....");
}
}
在配置文件中开启注解扫描
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!--开启注解扫描-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.su.aopanno"></context:component-scan>
<!--开启Aspect生成代理对象-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
</beans>
配置不同类型的通知
在增强类的里面,在作为通知方法上面增强通知类型注解,使用切入点表达式配置
@Before(value = "execution(* com.su.aopanno.User.add(..))")
package com.su.aopanno;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
//增强类,
@Component
@Aspect //生成代理对象
public class UserProxy {
//想让这个方法在add()方法之前执行(前置通知)
@Before(value = "execution(* com.su.aopanno.User.add(..))")
public void before(){
System.out.println("before....");
}
}
测试类
import com.su.aopanno.User;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class testAOP {
@Test
public void testUser(){
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
User user = context.getBean("user", User.class);
user.add();
}
}
所有通知
package com.su.aopanno;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
//增强类,
@Component
@Aspect //生成代理对象
public class UserProxy {
//想让这个方法在add()方法之前执行(前置通知)
@Before(value = "execution(* com.su.aopanno.User.add(..))")
public void before(){
System.out.println("before....");
}
//无异常通知
@AfterReturning(value = "execution(* com.su.aopanno.User.add(..))")
public void afterReturning(){
System.out.println("afterReturning......"+new Date());
}
//有异常通知
@AfterThrowing(value = "execution(* com.su.aopanno.User.add(..))")
public void afterThrowing(){
System.out.println("afterThrowing..."+new Date());
}
//最终通知
@After(value = "execution(* com.su.aopanno.User.add(..))")
public void after(){
System.out.println("after..."+new Date());
}
//环绕通知
@Around(value = "execution(* com.su.aopanno.User.add(..))")
public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable{
System.out.println("环绕之前 "+new Date());
proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
System.out.println("环绕之后 "+new Date());
}
}
相同切入点抽取
//相同切入点抽取
@Pointcut(value = "execution(* com.su.aopanno.User.add(..))")
public void pointdemo(){
}
//想让这个方法在add()方法之前执行(前置通知)
@Before(value = "pointdemo()")
public void before(){
System.out.println("before....");
}
多个增强类,对同一个类的同一个方法增强,设置优先级