使用Docker部署mysql、redis、nginx

原创已于 2023-06-04 23:22:15 修改 · 345 阅读

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#docker #mysql #redis #nginx

于 2023-06-03 21:24:16 首次发布

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文章详细描述了在CentOS系统中使用Docker安装和配置MySQL8、Redis7.0.11和Nginx1.24.0的过程，包括创建挂载目录、配置文件、启动和验证容器以及设置各种服务的参数。

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使用Docker安装mysql、redis、nginx

1. CentOS下安装docker

在命令行输入一下命令，一键安装docker

# curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

启动docker
```
# systemctl start docker
```
查看docker运行的容器
```
# docker ps
```

进入容器

# docker exec -it [容器名] /bin/bash

操作容器

# 启动
# docker start [容器名]
# 停止
# docker stop [容器名]
# 重启
# docker restart [容器名]

2. docker 安装MySQL8

本次安装nginx版本为：MySQL8.0.32

创建挂载目录

# mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf
# mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/mysql/data
# mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/mysql/log

mysql配置文件

创建文件

# 在/usr/local/docker/mysql/conf路径下创建配置文件
# touch my.cnf
# 修改配置文件
# vim my.cnf

修改配置文件内容

  [client]
  default-character-set=utf8mb4
   
  [mysql]
  default-character-set=utf8mb4
   
  [mysqld]
  #服务端口号 默认3306
  port=3306
  
  #允许所有地址连接
  bind_address=0.0.0.0
   
  init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
  character-set-server=utf8mb4
  collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
   
  # 最大连接数
  max_connections=300
   
  # 连接失败的最大次数。防止有人从该主机试图攻击数据库系统
  max_connect_errors=15
   
  # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
  default-storage-engine=INNODB

运行启动

# docker run --name mysql8 -p 23306:3306 --name mysql8 --privileged=true -v /usr/local/docker/mysql8/log:/var/log/mysql -v /usr/local/docker/mysql8/data:/var/lib/mysql -v /usr/local/docker/mysql8/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:8.0.32

参数信息

 -p 设置docker容器映射端口
 –name 设置docker容器名称
 –privileged=true 设置MySQL 的root用户权限, 否则外部不能使用root用户登陆，true为允许root登录
 -v /usr/local/docker/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql 挂载mysql日志节点
 -v /usr/local/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql 挂载mysql数据节点
 -v /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d 挂载mysql服务配置文件节点
 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 设置mysql数据库root用户初始密码
 -d 指定镜像及版本

验证MySQL容器是否启动成功
- 查看docker启动镜像
```
 docker ps
```
- 连接数据库
```
  # mysql -uroot[用户名] -p123456[密码]
```
-u：指定数据库用户名

-p：指定数据库密码

修改数据库密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root123456';

3.docker安装Redis

本次安装nginx版本为：redis7.0.11

docker拉去镜像
```
# docker pull redis
```

创建配置文件

mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/redis/myredis.conf
mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/redis/data

创建配置文件

 # 创建文件
 # touch myredis.conf
 # 编辑文件
 # vim myredis.conf

配置文件内容

 # redis 配置文件示例
  
 # 当你需要为某个配置项指定内存大小的时候，必须要带上单位，
 # 通常的格式就是 1k 5gb 4m 等酱紫：
 #
 # 1k  => 1000 bytes
 # 1kb => 1024 bytes
 # 1m  => 1000000 bytes
 # 1mb => 1024*1024 bytes
 # 1g  => 1000000000 bytes
 # 1gb => 1024*1024*1024 bytes
 #
 # 单位是不区分大小写的，你写 1K 5GB 4M 也行
  
 ################################## INCLUDES ###################################
  
 # 假如说你有一个可用于所有的 redis server 的标准配置模板，
 # 但针对某些 server 又需要一些个性化的设置，
 # 你可以使用 include 来包含一些其他的配置文件，这对你来说是非常有用的。
 #
 # 但是要注意哦，include 是不能被 config rewrite 命令改写的
 # 由于 redis 总是以最后的加工线作为一个配置指令值，所以你最好是把 include 放在这个文件的最前面，
 # 以避免在运行时覆盖配置的改变，相反，你就把它放在后面（外国人真啰嗦）。
 #
 # include /path/to/local.conf
 # include /path/to/other.conf
  
 ################################ 常用 #####################################
  
 # 默认情况下 redis 不是作为守护进程运行的，如果你想让它在后台运行，你就把它改成 yes。
 # 当redis作为守护进程运行的时候，它会写一个 pid 到 /var/run/redis.pid 文件里面。
 daemonize no
  
 # 当redis作为守护进程运行的时候，它会把 pid 默认写到 /var/run/redis.pid 文件里面，
 # 但是你可以在这里自己制定它的文件位置。
 pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
  
 # 监听端口号，默认为 6379，如果你设为 0 ，redis 将不在 socket 上监听任何客户端连接。
 port 6379
  
 # TCP 监听的最大容纳数量
 #
 # 在高并发的环境下，你需要把这个值调高以避免客户端连接缓慢的问题。
 # Linux 内核会一声不响的把这个值缩小成 /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn 对应的值，
 # 所以你要修改这两个值才能达到你的预期。
 tcp-backlog 511
  
 # 默认情况下，redis 在 server 上所有有效的网络接口上监听客户端连接。
 # 你如果只想让它在一个网络接口上监听，那你就绑定一个IP或者多个IP。
 #
 # 示例，多个IP用空格隔开:
 #
 # bind 192.168.1.100 10.0.0.1
 bind 0.0.0.0
  
 # 指定 unix socket 的路径。
 #
 # unixsocket /tmp/redis.sock
 # unixsocketperm 755
  
 # 指定在一个 client 空闲多少秒之后关闭连接（0 就是不管它）
 timeout 0
  
 # tcp 心跳包。
 #
 # 如果设置为非零，则在与客户端缺乏通讯的时候使用 SO_KEEPALIVE 发送 tcp acks 给客户端。
 # 这个之所有有用，主要由两个原因：
 #
 # 1) 防止死的 peers
 # 2) Take the connection alive from the point of view of network
 #    equipment in the middle.
 #
 # On Linux, the specified value (in seconds) is the period used to send ACKs.
 # Note that to close the connection the double of the time is needed.
 # On other kernels the period depends on the kernel configuration.
 #
 # A reasonable value for this option is 60 seconds.
 # 推荐一个合理的值就是60秒
 tcp-keepalive 0
  
 # 定义日志级别。
 # 可以是下面的这些值：
 # debug (适用于开发或测试阶段)
 # verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)
 # notice (适用于生产环境)
 # warning (仅仅一些重要的消息被记录)
 loglevel notice
  
 # 指定日志文件的位置
 logfile ""
  
 # 要想把日志记录到系统日志，就把它改成 yes，
 # 也可以可选择性的更新其他的syslog 参数以达到你的要求
 # syslog-enabled no
  
 # 设置 syslog 的 identity。
 # syslog-ident redis
  
 # 设置 syslog 的 facility，必须是 USER 或者是 LOCAL0-LOCAL7 之间的值。
 # syslog-facility local0
  
 # 设置数据库的数目。
 # 默认数据库是 DB 0，你可以在每个连接上使用 select <dbid> 命令选择一个不同的数据库，
 # 但是 dbid 必须是一个介于 0 到 databasees - 1 之间的值
 databases 16
  
 ################################ 快照 ################################
 #
 # 存 DB 到磁盘：
 #
 #   格式：save <间隔时间（秒）> <写入次数>
 #
 #   根据给定的时间间隔和写入次数将数据保存到磁盘
 #
 #   下面的例子的意思是：
 #   900 秒内如果至少有 1 个 key 的值变化，则保存
 #   300 秒内如果至少有 10 个 key 的值变化，则保存
 #   60 秒内如果至少有 10000 个 key 的值变化，则保存
 #　　
 #   注意：你可以注释掉所有的 save 行来停用保存功能。
 #   也可以直接一个空字符串来实现停用：
 #   save ""
  
 save 900 1
 save 300 10
 save 60 10000
  
 # 默认情况下，如果 redis 最后一次的后台保存失败，redis 将停止接受写操作，
 # 这样以一种强硬的方式让用户知道数据不能正确的持久化到磁盘，
 # 否则就会没人注意到灾难的发生。
 #
 # 如果后台保存进程重新启动工作了，redis 也将自动的允许写操作。
 #
 # 然而你要是安装了靠谱的监控，你可能不希望 redis 这样做，那你就改成 no 好了。
 stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
  
 # 是否在 dump .rdb 数据库的时候使用 LZF 压缩字符串
 # 默认都设为 yes
 # 如果你希望保存子进程节省点 cpu ，你就设置它为 no ，
 # 不过这个数据集可能就会比较大
 rdbcompression yes
  
 # 是否校验rdb文件
 rdbchecksum yes
  
 # 设置 dump 的文件位置
 dbfilename dump.rdb
  
 # 工作目录
 # 例如上面的 dbfilename 只指定了文件名，
 # 但是它会写入到这个目录下。这个配置项一定是个目录，而不能是文件名。
 dir ./
  
 ################################# 主从复制 #################################
  
 # 主从复制。使用 slaveof 来让一个 redis 实例成为另一个reids 实例的副本。
 # 注意这个只需要在 slave 上配置。
 #
 # slaveof <masterip> <masterport>
  
 # 如果 master 需要密码认证，就在这里设置
 # masterauth <master-password>
  
 # 当一个 slave 与 master 失去联系，或者复制正在进行的时候，
 # slave 可能会有两种表现：
 #
 # 1) 如果为 yes ，slave 仍然会应答客户端请求，但返回的数据可能是过时，
 #    或者数据可能是空的在第一次同步的时候
 #
 # 2) 如果为 no ，在你执行除了 info he salveof 之外的其他命令时，
 #    slave 都将返回一个 "SYNC with master in progress" 的错误，
 #
 slave-serve-stale-data yes
  
 # 你可以配置一个 slave 实体是否接受写入操作。
 # 通过写入操作来存储一些短暂的数据对于一个 slave 实例来说可能是有用的，
 # 因为相对从 master 重新同步数而言，据数据写入到 slave 会更容易被删除。
 # 但是如果客户端因为一个错误的配置写入，也可能会导致一些问题。
 #
 # 从 redis 2.6 版起，默认 slaves 都是只读的。
 #
 # Note: read only slaves are not designed to be exposed to untrusted clients
 # on the internet. It's just a protection layer against misuse of the instance.
 # Still a read only slave exports by default all the administrative commands
 # such as CONFIG, DEBUG, and so forth. To a limited extent you can improve
 # security of read only slaves using 'rename-command' to shadow all the
 # administrative / dangerous commands.
 # 注意：只读的 slaves 没有被设计成在 internet 上暴露给不受信任的客户端。
 # 它仅仅是一个针对误用实例的一个保护层。
 slave-read-only yes
  
 # Slaves 在一个预定义的时间间隔内发送 ping 命令到 server 。
 # 你可以改变这个时间间隔。默认为 10 秒。
 #
 # repl-ping-slave-period 10
  
 # The following option sets the replication timeout for:
 # 设置主从复制过期时间
 #
 # 1) Bulk transfer I/O during SYNC, from the point of view of slave.
 # 2) Master timeout from the point of view of slaves (data, pings).
 # 3) Slave timeout from the point of view of masters (REPLCONF ACK pings).
 #
 # It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value
 # specified for repl-ping-slave-period otherwise a timeout will be detected
 # every time there is low traffic between the master and the slave.
 # 这个值一定要比 repl-ping-slave-period 大
 #
 # repl-timeout 60
  
 # Disable TCP_NODELAY on the slave socket after SYNC?
 #
 # If you select "yes" Redis will use a smaller number of TCP packets and
 # less bandwidth to send data to slaves. But this can add a delay for
 # the data to appear on the slave side, up to 40 milliseconds with
 # Linux kernels using a default configuration.
 #
 # If you select "no" the delay for data to appear on the slave side will
 # be reduced but more bandwidth will be used for replication.
 #
 # By default we optimize for low latency, but in very high traffic conditions
 # or when the master and slaves are many hops away, turning this to "yes" may
 # be a good idea.
 repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
  
 # 设置主从复制容量大小。这个 backlog 是一个用来在 slaves 被断开连接时
 # 存放 slave 数据的 buffer，所以当一个 slave 想要重新连接，通常不希望全部重新同步，
 # 只是部分同步就够了，仅仅传递 slave 在断开连接时丢失的这部分数据。
 #
 # The biggest the replication backlog, the longer the time the slave can be
 # disconnected and later be able to perform a partial resynchronization.
 # 这个值越大，salve 可以断开连接的时间就越长。
 #
 # The backlog is only allocated once there is at least a slave connected.
 #
 # repl-backlog-size 1mb
  
 # After a master has no longer connected slaves for some time, the backlog
 # will be freed. The following option configures the amount of seconds that
 # need to elapse, starting from the time the last slave disconnected, for
 # the backlog buffer to be freed.
 # 在某些时候，master 不再连接 slaves，backlog 将被释放。
 #
 # A value of 0 means to never release the backlog.
 # 如果设置为 0 ，意味着绝不释放 backlog 。
 #
 # repl-backlog-ttl 3600
  
 # 当 master 不能正常工作的时候，Redis Sentinel 会从 slaves 中选出一个新的 master，
 # 这个值越小，就越会被优先选中，但是如果是 0 ， 那是意味着这个 slave 不可能被选中。
 #
 # 默认优先级为 100。
 slave-priority 100
  
 # It is possible for a master to stop accepting writes if there are less than
 # N slaves connected, having a lag less or equal than M seconds.
 #
 # The N slaves need to be in "online" state.
 #
 # The lag in seconds, that must be <= the specified value, is calculated from
 # the last ping received from the slave, that is usually sent every second.
 #
 # This option does not GUARANTEES that N replicas will accept the write, but
 # will limit the window of exposure for lost writes in case not enough slaves
 # are available, to the specified number of seconds.
 #
 # For example to require at least 3 slaves with a lag <= 10 seconds use:
 #
 # min-slaves-to-write 3
 # min-slaves-max-lag 10
 #
 # Setting one or the other to 0 disables the feature.
 #
 # By default min-slaves-to-write is set to 0 (feature disabled) and
 # min-slaves-max-lag is set to 10.
  
 ################################## 安全 ###################################
  
 # Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
 # commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
 # others with access to the host running redis-server.
 #
 # This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
 # people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
 # 
 # Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to
 # 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should
 # use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break.
 # 
 # 设置认证密码
 requirepass 123456
  
 # Command renaming.
 #
 # It is possible to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared
 # environment. For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something
 # hard to guess so that it will still be available for internal-use tools
 # but not available for general clients.
 #
 # Example:
 #
 # rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52
 #
 # It is also possible to completely kill a command by renaming it into
 # an empty string:
 #
 # rename-command CONFIG ""
 #
 # Please note that changing the name of commands that are logged into the
 # AOF file or transmitted to slaves may cause problems.
  
 ################################### 限制 ####################################
  
 # Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default
 # this limit is set to 10000 clients, however if the Redis server is not
 # able to configure the process file limit to allow for the specified limit
 # the max number of allowed clients is set to the current file limit
 # minus 32 (as Redis reserves a few file descriptors for internal uses).
 #
 # 一旦达到最大限制，redis 将关闭所有的新连接
 # 并发送一个‘max number of clients reached’的错误。
 #
 # maxclients 10000
  
 # 如果你设置了这个值，当缓存的数据容量达到这个值， redis 将根据你选择的
 # eviction 策略来移除一些 keys。
 #
 # 如果 redis 不能根据策略移除 keys ，或者是策略被设置为 ‘noeviction’，
 # redis 将开始响应错误给命令，如 set，lpush 等等，
 # 并继续响应只读的命令，如 get
 #
 # This option is usually useful when using Redis as an LRU cache, or to set
 # a hard memory limit for an instance (using the 'noeviction' policy).
 #
 # WARNING: If you have slaves attached to an instance with maxmemory on,
 # the size of the output buffers needed to feed the slaves are subtracted
 # from the used memory count, so that network problems / resyncs will
 # not trigger a loop where keys are evicted, and in turn the output
 # buffer of slaves is full with DELs of keys evicted triggering the deletion
 # of more keys, and so forth until the database is completely emptied.
 #
 # In short... if you have slaves attached it is suggested that you set a lower
 # limit for maxmemory so that there is some free RAM on the system for slave
 # output buffers (but this is not needed if the policy is 'noeviction').
 #
 # 最大使用内存
 # maxmemory <bytes>
  
 # 最大内存策略，你有 5 个选择。
 # 
 # volatile-lru -> remove the key with an expire set using an LRU algorithm
 # volatile-lru -> 使用 LRU 算法移除包含过期设置的 key 。
 # allkeys-lru -> remove any key accordingly to the LRU algorithm
 # allkeys-lru -> 根据 LRU 算法移除所有的 key 。
 # volatile-random -> remove a random key with an expire set
 # allkeys-random -> remove a random key, any key
 # volatile-ttl -> remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)
 # noeviction -> don't expire at all, just return an error on write operations
 # noeviction -> 不让任何 key 过期，只是给写入操作返回一个错误
 # 
 # Note: with any of the above policies, Redis will return an error on write
 #       operations, when there are not suitable keys for eviction.
 #
 #       At the date of writing this commands are: set setnx setex append
 #       incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd
 #       sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby
 #       zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby
 #       getset mset msetnx exec sort
 #
 # The default is:
 #
 # maxmemory-policy noeviction
  
 # LRU and minimal TTL algorithms are not precise algorithms but approximated
 # algorithms (in order to save memory), so you can tune it for speed or
 # accuracy. For default Redis will check five keys and pick the one that was
 # used less recently, you can change the sample size using the following
 # configuration directive.
 #
 # The default of 5 produces good enough results. 10 Approximates very closely
 # true LRU but costs a bit more CPU. 3 is very fast but not very accurate.
 #
 # maxmemory-samples 5
  
 ############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################
  
 # By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is
 # good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or
 # a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on
 # the configured save points).
 #
 # The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides
 # much better durability. For instance using the default data fsync policy
 # (see later in the config file) Redis can lose just one second of writes in a
 # dramatic event like a server power outage, or a single write if something
 # wrong with the Redis process itself happens, but the operating system is
 # still running correctly.
 #
 # AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems.
 # If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF, that is the file
 # with the better durability guarantees.
 #
 # Please check http://redis.io/topics/persistence for more information.
  
 appendonly yes
  
 # The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof")
  
 appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
  
 # The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
 # instead to wait for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush 
 # data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
 #
 # Redis supports three different modes:
 #
 # no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
 # always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.
 # everysec: fsync only one time every second. Compromise.
 #
 # The default is "everysec", as that's usually the right compromise between
 # speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to
 # "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
 # it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
 # some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting),
 # or on the contrary, use "always" that's very slow but a bit safer than
 # everysec.
 #
 # More details please check the following article:
 # http://antirez.com/post/redis-persistence-demystified.html
 #
 # If unsure, use "everysec".
  
 # appendfsync always
 appendfsync everysec
 # appendfsync no
  
 # When the AOF fsync policy is set to always or everysec, and a background
 # saving process (a background save or AOF log background rewriting) is
 # performing a lot of I/O against the disk, in some Linux configurations
 # Redis may block too long on the fsync() call. Note that there is no fix for
 # this currently, as even performing fsync in a different thread will block
 # our synchronous write(2) call.
 #
 # In order to mitigate this problem it's possible to use the following option
 # that will prevent fsync() from being called in the main process while a
 # BGSAVE or BGREWRITEAOF is in progress.
 #
 # This means that while another child is saving, the durability of Redis is
 # the same as "appendfsync none". In practical terms, this means that it is
 # possible to lose up to 30 seconds of log in the worst scenario (with the
 # default Linux settings).
 # 
 # If you have latency problems turn this to "yes". Otherwise leave it as
 # "no" that is the safest pick from the point of view of durability.
  
 no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
  
 # Automatic rewrite of the append only file.
 # Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling
 # BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size grows by the specified percentage.
 # 
 # This is how it works: Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the
 # latest rewrite (if no rewrite has happened since the restart, the size of
 # the AOF at startup is used).
 #
 # This base size is compared to the current size. If the current size is
 # bigger than the specified percentage, the rewrite is triggered. Also
 # you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten, this
 # is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase
 # is reached but it is still pretty small.
 #
 # Specify a percentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF
 # rewrite feature.
  
 auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
 auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
  
 ################################ LUA SCRIPTING  ###############################
  
 # Max execution time of a Lua script in milliseconds.
 #
 # If the maximum execution time is reached Redis will log that a script is
 # still in execution after the maximum allowed time and will start to
 # reply to queries with an error.
 #
 # When a long running script exceed the maximum execution time only the
 # SCRIPT KILL and SHUTDOWN NOSAVE commands are available. The first can be
 # used to stop a script that did not yet called write commands. The second
 # is the only way to shut down the server in the case a write commands was
 # already issue by the script but the user don't want to wait for the natural
 # termination of the script.
 #
 # Set it to 0 or a negative value for unlimited execution without warnings.
 lua-time-limit 5000
  
 ################################ REDIS 集群  ###############################
 #
 # 启用或停用集群
 # cluster-enabled yes
  
 # Every cluster node has a cluster configuration file. This file is not
 # intended to be edited by hand. It is created and updated by Redis nodes.
 # Every Redis Cluster node requires a different cluster configuration file.
 # Make sure that instances running in the same system does not have
 # overlapping cluster configuration file names.
 #
 # cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
  
 # Cluster node timeout is the amount of milliseconds a node must be unreachable 
 # for it to be considered in failure state.
 # Most other internal time limits are multiple of the node timeout.
 #
 # cluster-node-timeout 15000
  
 # A slave of a failing master will avoid to start a failover if its data
 # looks too old.
 #
 # There is no simple way for a slave to actually have a exact measure of
 # its "data age", so the following two checks are performed:
 #
 # 1) If there are multiple slaves able to failover, they exchange messages
 #    in order to try to give an advantage to the slave with the best
 #    replication offset (more data from the master processed).
 #    Slaves will try to get their rank by offset, and apply to the start
 #    of the failover a delay proportional to their rank.
 #
 # 2) Every single slave computes the time of the last interaction with
 #    its master. This can be the last ping or command received (if the master
 #    is still in the "connected" state), or the time that elapsed since the
 #    disconnection with the master (if the replication link is currently down).
 #    If the last interaction is too old, the slave will not try to failover
 #    at all.
 #
 # The point "2" can be tuned by user. Specifically a slave will not perform
 # the failover if, since the last interaction with the master, the time
 # elapsed is greater than:
 #
 #   (node-timeout * slave-validity-factor) + repl-ping-slave-period
 #
 # So for example if node-timeout is 30 seconds, and the slave-validity-factor
 # is 10, and assuming a default repl-ping-slave-period of 10 seconds, the
 # slave will not try to failover if it was not able to talk with the master
 # for longer than 310 seconds.
 #
 # A large slave-validity-factor may allow slaves with too old data to failover
 # a master, while a too small value may prevent the cluster from being able to
 # elect a slave at all.
 #
 # For maximum availability, it is possible to set the slave-validity-factor
 # to a value of 0, which means, that slaves will always try to failover the
 # master regardless of the last time they interacted with the master.
 # (However they'll always try to apply a delay proportional to their
 # offset rank).
 #
 # Zero is the only value able to guarantee that when all the partitions heal
 # the cluster will always be able to continue.
 #
 # cluster-slave-validity-factor 10
  
 # Cluster slaves are able to migrate to orphaned masters, that are masters
 # that are left without working slaves. This improves the cluster ability
 # to resist to failures as otherwise an orphaned master can't be failed over
 # in case of failure if it has no working slaves.
 #
 # Slaves migrate to orphaned masters only if there are still at least a
 # given number of other working slaves for their old master. This number
 # is the "migration barrier". A migration barrier of 1 means that a slave
 # will migrate only if there is at least 1 other working slave for its master
 # and so forth. It usually reflects the number of slaves you want for every
 # master in your cluster.
 #
 # Default is 1 (slaves migrate only if their masters remain with at least
 # one slave). To disable migration just set it to a very large value.
 # A value of 0 can be set but is useful only for debugging and dangerous
 # in production.
 #
 # cluster-migration-barrier 1
  
 # In order to setup your cluster make sure to read the documentation
 # available at http://redis.io web site.
  
 ################################## SLOW LOG ###################################
  
 # The Redis Slow Log is a system to log queries that exceeded a specified
 # execution time. The execution time does not include the I/O operations
 # like talking with the client, sending the reply and so forth,
 # but just the time needed to actually execute the command (this is the only
 # stage of command execution where the thread is blocked and can not serve
 # other requests in the meantime).
 # 
 # You can configure the slow log with two parameters: one tells Redis
 # what is the execution time, in microseconds, to exceed in order for the
 # command to get logged, and the other parameter is the length of the
 # slow log. When a new command is logged the oldest one is removed from the
 # queue of logged commands.
  
 # The following time is expressed in microseconds, so 1000000 is equivalent
 # to one second. Note that a negative number disables the slow log, while
 # a value of zero forces the logging of every command.
 slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
  
 # There is no limit to this length. Just be aware that it will consume memory.
 # You can reclaim memory used by the slow log with SLOWLOG RESET.
 slowlog-max-len 128
  
 ############################# Event notification ##############################
  
 # Redis can notify Pub/Sub clients about events happening in the key space.
 # This feature is documented at http://redis.io/topics/keyspace-events
 # 
 # For instance if keyspace events notification is enabled, and a client
 # performs a DEL operation on key "foo" stored in the Database 0, two
 # messages will be published via Pub/Sub:
 #
 # PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:foo del
 # PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:del foo
 #
 # It is possible to select the events that Redis will notify among a set
 # of classes. Every class is identified by a single character:
 #
 #  K     Keyspace events, published with __keyspace@<db>__ prefix.
 #  E     Keyevent events, published with __keyevent@<db>__ prefix.
 #  g     Generic commands (non-type specific) like DEL, EXPIRE, RENAME, ...
 #  $     String commands
 #  l     List commands
 #  s     Set commands
 #  h     Hash commands
 #  z     Sorted set commands
 #  x     Expired events (events generated every time a key expires)
 #  e     Evicted events (events generated when a key is evicted for maxmemory)
 #  A     Alias for g$lshzxe, so that the "AKE" string means all the events.
 #
 #  The "notify-keyspace-events" takes as argument a string that is composed
 #  by zero or multiple characters. The empty string means that notifications
 #  are disabled at all.
 #
 #  Example: to enable list and generic events, from the point of view of the
 #           event name, use:
 #
 #  notify-keyspace-events Elg
 #
 #  Example 2: to get the stream of the expired keys subscribing to channel
 #             name __keyevent@0__:expired use:
 #
 #  notify-keyspace-events Ex
 #
 #  By default all notifications are disabled because most users don't need
 #  this feature and the feature has some overhead. Note that if you don't
 #  specify at least one of K or E, no events will be delivered.
 notify-keyspace-events ""
  
 ############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################
  
 # Hashes are encoded using a memory efficient data structure when they have a
 # small number of entries, and the biggest entry does not exceed a given
 # threshold. These thresholds can be configured using the following directives.
 hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
 hash-max-ziplist-value 64
  
 # Similarly to hashes, small lists are also encoded in a special way in order
 # to save a lot of space. The special representation is only used when
 # you are under the following limits:
 list-max-ziplist-entries 512
 list-max-ziplist-value 64
  
 # Sets have a special encoding in just one case: when a set is composed
 # of just strings that happens to be integers in radix 10 in the range
 # of 64 bit signed integers.
 # The following configuration setting sets the limit in the size of the
 # set in order to use this special memory saving encoding.
 set-max-intset-entries 512
  
 # Similarly to hashes and lists, sorted sets are also specially encoded in
 # order to save a lot of space. This encoding is only used when the length and
 # elements of a sorted set are below the following limits:
 zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
 zset-max-ziplist-value 64
  
 # HyperLogLog sparse representation bytes limit. The limit includes the
 # 16 bytes header. When an HyperLogLog using the sparse representation crosses
 # this limit, it is converted into the dense representation.
 #
 # A value greater than 16000 is totally useless, since at that point the
 # dense representation is more memory efficient.
 # 
 # The suggested value is ~ 3000 in order to have the benefits of
 # the space efficient encoding without slowing down too much PFADD,
 # which is O(N) with the sparse encoding. The value can be raised to
 # ~ 10000 when CPU is not a concern, but space is, and the data set is
 # composed of many HyperLogLogs with cardinality in the 0 - 15000 range.
 hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
  
 # Active rehashing uses 1 millisecond every 100 milliseconds of CPU time in
 # order to help rehashing the main Redis hash table (the one mapping top-level
 # keys to values). The hash table implementation Redis uses (see dict.c)
 # performs a lazy rehashing: the more operation you run into a hash table
 # that is rehashing, the more rehashing "steps" are performed, so if the
 # server is idle the rehashing is never complete and some more memory is used
 # by the hash table.
 # 
 # The default is to use this millisecond 10 times every second in order to
 # active rehashing the main dictionaries, freeing memory when possible.
 #
 # If unsure:
 # use "activerehashing no" if you have hard latency requirements and it is
 # not a good thing in your environment that Redis can reply form time to time
 # to queries with 2 milliseconds delay.
 #
 # use "activerehashing yes" if you don't have such hard requirements but
 # want to free memory asap when possible.
 activerehashing yes
  
 # The client output buffer limits can be used to force disconnection of clients
 # that are not reading data from the server fast enough for some reason (a
 # common reason is that a Pub/Sub client can't consume messages as fast as the
 # publisher can produce them).
 #
 # The limit can be set differently for the three different classes of clients:
 #
 # normal -> normal clients
 # slave  -> slave clients and MONITOR clients
 # pubsub -> clients subscribed to at least one pubsub channel or pattern
 #
 # The syntax of every client-output-buffer-limit directive is the following:
 #
 # client-output-buffer-limit <class> <hard limit> <soft limit> <soft seconds>
 #
 # A client is immediately disconnected once the hard limit is reached, or if
 # the soft limit is reached and remains reached for the specified number of
 # seconds (continuously).
 # So for instance if the hard limit is 32 megabytes and the soft limit is
 # 16 megabytes / 10 seconds, the client will get disconnected immediately
 # if the size of the output buffers reach 32 megabytes, but will also get
 # disconnected if the client reaches 16 megabytes and continuously overcomes
 # the limit for 10 seconds.
 #
 # By default normal clients are not limited because they don't receive data
 # without asking (in a push way), but just after a request, so only
 # asynchronous clients may create a scenario where data is requested faster
 # than it can read.
 #
 # Instead there is a default limit for pubsub and slave clients, since
 # subscribers and slaves receive data in a push fashion.
 #
 # Both the hard or the soft limit can be disabled by setting them to zero.
 client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
 client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60
 client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
  
 # Redis calls an internal function to perform many background tasks, like
 # closing connections of clients in timeout, purging expired keys that are
 # never requested, and so forth.
 #
 # Not all tasks are performed with the same frequency, but Redis checks for
 # tasks to perform accordingly to the specified "hz" value.
 #
 # By default "hz" is set to 10. Raising the value will use more CPU when
 # Redis is idle, but at the same time will make Redis more responsive when
 # there are many keys expiring at the same time, and timeouts may be
 # handled with more precision.
 #
 # The range is between 1 and 500, however a value over 100 is usually not
 # a good idea. Most users should use the default of 10 and raise this up to
 # 100 only in environments where very low latency is required.
 hz 10
  
 # When a child rewrites the AOF file, if the following option is enabled
 # the file will be fsync-ed every 32 MB of data generated. This is useful
 # in order to commit the file to the disk more incrementally and avoid
 # big latency spikes.
 aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes

创建并启动redis容器

# docker run --restart=always --log-opt max-size=100m --log-opt max-file=2 -p 26379:6379 --name redis -v /usr/local/docker/redis/myredis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf -v /usr/local/docker/redis/data:/data -d redis redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf  --appendonly yes  --requirepass 123456

参数

-restart=always 总是开机启动
-log是日志方面的
-p 6379:6379 将6379端口挂载出去
--name 给这个容器取一个名字
-v 数据卷挂载
- /usr/local/docker/redis/myredis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf 这里是将 liunx 路径下的myredis.conf 和redis下的redis.conf 挂载在一起。
- /usr/local/docker/redis/data:/data 这个同上
-d redis 表示后台启动redis
redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf 以配置文件启动redis，加载容器内的conf文件，最终找到的是挂载的目录 /etc/redis/redis.conf
–appendonly yes 开启redis 持久化
–requirepass 123456 设置密码

验证Redis容器是否启动成功

查看docker启动镜像
```
docker ps
```

进入容器

# docker exec -it redis[容器名称] /bin/bash

连接docker-cli

# 连接客户端
# dcoker-cli
# 验证密码
# auth 密码
# 验证redis，返回Pong即成功
# ping

4.docker安装nginx

本次安装nginx版本为：nginx1.24.0

创建挂载目录及文件

  # mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/nginx
  # mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/nginx/logs
  # mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/nginx/html
  # mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/nginx/conf

创建配置文件

 # 进入 /usr/local/docker/nginx目录
 # 创建配置文件
 # touch nginx.conf

nginx.conf内容

 
 #user  nobody;
 worker_processes  1;
 
 #error_log  logs/error.log;
 #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
 #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
 
 #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
 
 
 events {
     worker_connections  1024;
 }
 
 
 http {
     include       mime.types;
     default_type  application/octet-stream;
 
     #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
     #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
     #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
 
     #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
 
     sendfile        on;
     #tcp_nopush     on;
 
     #keepalive_timeout  0;
     keepalive_timeout  65;
 
     #gzip  on;
 
     server {
         listen       80;
         server_name  localhost;
 
         #charset koi8-r;
 
         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
 
         location / {
             root   html;
             index  index.html index.htm;
         }
 
         #error_page  404              /404.html;
 
         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
         #
         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
         location = /50x.html {
             root   html;
         }
 
         # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
         #
         #location ~ \.php$ {
         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
         #}
 
         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
         #
         #location ~ \.php$ {
         #    root           html;
         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
         #    include        fastcgi_params;
         #}
 
         # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
         # concurs with nginx's one
         #
         #location ~ /\.ht {
         #    deny  all;
         #}
     }
 
 
     # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
     #
     #server {
     #    listen       8000;
     #    listen       somename:8080;
     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
 
     #    location / {
     #        root   html;
     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     #    }
     #}
 
 
     # HTTPS server
     #
     #server {
     #    listen       443 ssl;
     #    server_name  localhost;
 
     #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
 
     #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
 
     #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
 
     #    location / {
     #        root   html;
     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     #    }
     #}
 
 }

创建和启动nginx容器

docker run -p 80:80 \
-v /usr/local/docker/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v /usr/local/docker/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx \
-v /usr/local/docker/nginx/html:/etc/nginx/html \
-v /usr/local/docker/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d \
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime \
--name nginx \
--restart=always \
-d nginx:1.24.0

验证nginx创建和启动是否成功

查看docker启动镜像

   # docker ps

在浏览器中访问

 # 可以成功访问到nginx的欢迎界面
 # http://localhost:80