1、机器之间免密脚本
改脚本旨在简化机器之间进行免密的操作，更加流程化。
编辑脚本：vim ssh.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 定义存储目标主机信息的文件路径
HOSTS_FILE="hosts.txt"
# 检查本地是否已经存在SSH密钥对，如果不存在则生成
if [ ! -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa ]; then
ssh-keygen -t rsa -N "" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
fi
# 检查主机信息文件是否存在
if [ ! -f $HOSTS_FILE ]; then
echo "主机信息文件 $HOSTS_FILE 不存在，请创建该文件并添加主机信息"
exit 1
fi
# 循环读取主机信息文件中的每一行
while IFS= read -r line; do
# 从行中提取主机名和用户名
HOST=$(echo $line | awk '{print $1}')
USER=$(echo $line | awk '{print $2}')
if [ -z "$USER" ]; then
USER="root"
fi
# 尝试将本地公钥复制到目标主机
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub $USER@$HOST
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "成功配置 $USER@$HOST 的免密登录"
else
echo "配置 $USER@$HOST 的免密登录失败"
fi
done < "$HOSTS_FILE"为脚本添加可执行权限：chmod 755 ssh.sh
脚本中有用到机器之间的ip（或映射）和用户名。
所以编辑hosts文件：vim hosts.txt
hadoop01 root
hadoop02 root
hadoop03 rooteg：
# 在hadoop01节点执行脚本，为hadoop01节点对hadoop02和hadoop03节点的免密操作
[root@hadoop01 ~]# ./ssh.sh
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:exLYoTi0HM+HyrtIpXErTMpMIxbucR2fRtytVM/VMkE root@hadoop01
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
| . .Eo.|
| . . o o + .|
| . o. o.o . o o |
|. .o.*+=o.. |
|.*o.B.*+S. |
|B++* +.. o |
|.+= + o . |
| . o . o |
| . o. |
+----[SHA256]-----+
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'hadoop01 (192.168.15.111)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:mspiDUMYXm2W1i2YO5+ZLiaofWSUY60ZRy5USg7UcwE.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:dd:2a:24:c2:66:09:59:c8:b4:e5:1e:81:e5:7f:38:70.
# 此处需要输入yes，并按下回车键
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
# 此处需要输入hadoop01机器的密码并按下回车键
root@hadoop01's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@hadoop01'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
成功配置 root@hadoop01 的免密登录
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'hadoop02 (192.168.15.112)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:mspiDUMYXm2W1i2YO5+ZLiaofWSUY60ZRy5USg7UcwE.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:dd:2a:24:c2:66:09:59:c8:b4:e5:1e:81:e5:7f:38:70.
# 此处需要输入yes，并按下回车键
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
# 此处需要输入hadoop01机器的密码并按下回车键
root@hadoop02's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@hadoop02'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
成功配置 root@hadoop02 的免密登录
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'hadoop03 (192.168.15.113)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:mspiDUMYXm2W1i2YO5+ZLiaofWSUY60ZRy5USg7UcwE.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:dd:2a:24:c2:66:09:59:c8:b4:e5:1e:81:e5:7f:38:70.
# 此处需要输入yes，并按下回车键
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
# 此处需要输入hadoop01机器的密码并按下回车键
root@hadoop03's password:
Number of key(s) added: 1
Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh 'root@hadoop03'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added. 成功配置 root@hadoop03 的免密登录
此时就可以在hadoop01机器上面对hadoop01、hadoop02和hadoop03的机器进行免密登陆。如果要
2、多机分发脚本
此脚本旨在便捷的将一个或多个文件递归分发到其他机器。
首先编辑分发脚本：vim scp.sh
#!/bin/bash
echo "----------开始执行----------"
#从ips文件中读取ip列表
ips=$(cat ips | awk '{print $1}')
# 接收最后一个参数作为目标目录
dir=${!#}
# 除最后一个参数外，其余均为要传输的文件
files=("${@:1:$#-1}")
# 循环读取每个ip
for ip in ${ips}
do
for file in "${files[@]}"
do
exec="scp -r $file root@$ip:$dir"
echo $exec
# 执行命令并判断结果
if ! eval $exec; then
echo "Failed $file to $host:$dir. Exiting..."
exit 1
fi
done
done
echo "All files have been successfully transferred to all hosts."
echo "----------执行结束----------"给脚本添加执行权限：chmod 755 scp.sh
跟多机命令执行脚本一样脚本需要机器的ip或映射，编辑ips文件：vim ips，内容如下。
# 以下几个是机器的主机映射
hadoop01
hadoop02
hadoop03eg：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# ./scp.sh scp.sh ips ssh.sh hosts.txt /root/
----------开始执行----------
scp -r scp.sh root@hadoop01:/root/
scp.sh 100% 673 881.4KB/s 00:00
scp -r ips root@hadoop01:/root/
ips 100% 27 49.3KB/s 00:00
scp -r ssh.sh root@hadoop01:/root/
ssh.sh 100% 948 1.5MB/s 00:00
scp -r hosts.txt root@hadoop01:/root/
hosts.txt 100% 42 49.2KB/s 00:00
scp -r scp.sh root@hadoop02:/root/
scp.sh 100% 673 318.1KB/s 00:00
scp -r ips root@hadoop02:/root/
ips 100% 27 9.8KB/s 00:00
scp -r ssh.sh root@hadoop02:/root/
ssh.sh 100% 948 339.9KB/s 00:00
scp -r hosts.txt root@hadoop02:/root/
hosts.txt 100% 42 16.8KB/s 00:00
scp -r scp.sh root@hadoop03:/root/
scp.sh 100% 673 364.6KB/s 00:00
scp -r ips root@hadoop03:/root/
ips 100% 27 57.6KB/s 00:00
scp -r ssh.sh root@hadoop03:/root/
ssh.sh 100% 948 136.4KB/s 00:00
scp -r hosts.txt root@hadoop03:/root/
hosts.txt 100% 42 23.3KB/s 00:00
All files have been successfully transferred to all hosts.
----------执行结束----------3、多机命令执行脚本
此脚本旨在方便一次执行多台机器上面同一个命令，比如:
命令：./all.sh ll /
解释：all.sh是脚本，ll /是我们要在多台机器上面执行的命令
首先编辑脚本文件：vim all.sh，内容如下。
#!/bin/bash
echo "----------开始执行----------"
#从ips文件中读取ip列表
ips=$(cat ips | awk '{print $1}')
# 接收传递的指令（参数）
cmd=$*
# 循环读取每个ip
for ip in ${ips}
do
exec="ssh $ip $cmd"
echo $exec
#执行命令并判断是否执行成功
if eval $exec; then
echo "success"
else
echo "fail"
fi
done
echo "----------执行结束----------"为脚本添加执行权限：chmod 755 all.sh
在脚本中会用到需要执行命令的机器的ip或映射，因为上面已经编辑了ips文件所以本次不用。
如果只需要此脚本，且ips文件没有的话，则参考上面的ips格式（一样的）编写一份ips文件即可。
eg：
[root@hadoop01 ~]# ./all.sh ls /root/
----------开始执行----------
ssh hadoop01 ls /root/
all.sh
anaconda-ks.cfg
hosts.txt
ips
mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
scp.sh
soft
ssh.sh
success
ssh hadoop02 ls /root/
all.sh
anaconda-ks.cfg
hosts.txt
ips
mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
scp.sh
soft
ssh.sh
success
ssh hadoop03 ls /root/
all.sh
anaconda-ks.cfg
hosts.txt
ips
mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
scp.sh
soft
ssh.sh
success
----------执行结束----------
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