一、查找源仓库文件
进入mysql中国官网
https://www.mysql.com/cn/
点击 左上角“产品”,进入新界面后,点击左侧的“MySQL 社区版”,然后点击新界面下方的“立即下载”,进入MySQL Community Download,再次点击“MySQL Yum Repository”, 进入以下界面:
网址为
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
1.点击“Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (Architecture Independent), RPM Package”右侧的“Download”,进入“Login Now or Sign Up for a free account”页面,右键点击下方的“No thanks, just start my download”,拷贝链接为
https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
2.点击上方“i”图标,再点击“A Quick Guide to Using the MySQL Yum Repository”,进入网址:
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-yum-repo-quick-guide/en/
为安装说明。
二、添加源仓库
1.添加之前复制的源地址,下载源仓库文件,查看源仓库包文件清单
rpm -Uvh https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
yum repolist all | grep mysql
2.设置下载5.7版本,禁用8.0版本
yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community
设置后,/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo文件部分内容如下:
[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql# Enable to use MySQL 5.7
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
4.校验设置结果
查看生效的安装包
yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 230
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 138
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 564
三、安装、启动
1.安装软件包
yum install -y mysql-community-server
2.启动mysql服务
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl status mysqld.service
3.设置开机启动
systemctl enable mysqld.service
四、更改密码
1.查询临时密码
grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2.以root角色登录
mysql -uroot -p
3.修改密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
mysql> quit;
注意:(1)“;”不能省略
(2)密码为8位以上,含大小写字母、数字、特殊符号等
五、特殊情况
安装部署完MySQL后通过命令mysql -u root -p登录时报错如下:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
解决方案:
找到MySQL的配置文件/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
在此配置文件中添加命令skip-grant-tables实现免密登录
添加命令后保存配置文件,重启MySQL服务:systemctl restart mysqld
再通过命令mysql -u root -p登录MySQL,输入密码时直接按Enter键登录,登录后修改密码、刷新、退出MySQL
mysql>update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('Mysql@123') where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
mysql>
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> quit;
修改密码退出后将配置文件中前面添加的命令:skip-grant-tables注释或删除
再次重启MySQL服务:systemctl restart mysqld
即可正常登录MySQL
六、版本更新
进入mysql中国官网
https://www.mysql.com/cn/
点击 上方“下载”,进入新界面后,点击下方的“MySQL Community (GPL) Downloads”,进入MySQL Community Download,再次点击“MySQL Community Server”, 进入以下界面:
网址为
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
点击右侧的“Looking for previous GA versions?”,进入“MySQL Community Server 5.7.39”页面,操作系统选择“Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux ”,系统版本选择“Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (X86,64 bit)”,下载需要的rmp包即可。