SSM框架整合练习

北莽

已于 2022-03-24 10:44:28 修改

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分类专栏： JAVA学习笔记文章标签： spring 后端 java

于 2022-03-23 20:04:16 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_45581692/article/details/123685917

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SSM框架整合

Mybatis
Spring层
SpringMVC层
查询所有书籍
增加书籍
修改书籍
删除书籍
根据名字查询书籍

Mybatis

1. 创建数据库

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;

USE `ssmbuild`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (
	`bookID` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
	`bookName` varchar(100) not null COMMENT '书名',
	`bookCounts` int(11) not null COMMENT '数量',
	`detail` VARCHAR(200) not null COMMENT '描述',
	KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

insert into `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`) VALUES
(1, 'Java', 1, '从入门到放弃'),
(2, 'MySql', 10, '从删库到跑路'),
(3, 'Linux', 5, '从进门到进牢');

2. 导入依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Spring-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<!--静态资源导出-->
<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

3. idea连接数据库

4. 创建包和配置文件
mybatis-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    
</configuration>

applicationContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>

在这里插入图片描述
5. 创建实体类、在dao层创建“接口”和“mapper.xml”

public class Books {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;

public interface BookMapper {
    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);
    //删除一本书
    int deleteBook(@Param("bookId") int id);
    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);
    //查询一本书
    Books selectBook(@Param("bookId") int id);
    //查询全部的书
    List<Books> listBooks();
}

6. 在mybatis-config.xml中注册mapper

<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper">
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName, bookCounts, detail)
        values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail});
    </insert>
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books
        where bookID = #{bookId}
    </delete>
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update ssmbuild.books
        set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookId};
    </update>
    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books
        where bookID=#{bookId}
    </select>
    <select id="listBooks" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books
    </select>
</mapper>

7. 在mybatis-config.xml中注册mapper
这里配置数据源的操作，交给Spring去做。

<configuration>

    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.kuang.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    
    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

8. 在service包下，创建接口

public interface BookService {
    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);
    //删除一本书
    int deleteBook(int id);
    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);
    //查询一本书
    Books selectBook(int id);
    //查询全部的书
    List<Books> listBooks();
}

实现接口（service层调用dao层）

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    @Override
    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBook(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBook(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books selectBook(int id) {
        return bookMapper.selectBook(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> listBooks() {
        return bookMapper.listBooks();
    }
}

Spring层

1. 创建spring-dao.xml，
这里连接池不使用jdbc，使用c3p0。

<!-- 1. 关联数据库配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

<!--2.连接池
    dbcp：半自动化，不能自动连接
    c3p0：自动化操作（自动化的加载配置文件，并且可以自动设置到对象中）
    druid：  hikari
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>

<!-- 3.sqlSessionFactory -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <!-- 绑定Mybatis的配置文件 -->
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>

<!--4.配置dao接口扫描包，动态的实现了Dao接口可以注入到Spring容器中！-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <!--注入 SqlSessionFactory-->
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    <!--要扫描的dao包，相当于注册bean-->
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.kuang.dao"/>
</bean>
<!--
	<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
	    <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
	</bean>
-->

这里第四步和原来的方法不一样，之前使用的SqlSessionTemplate
然后还要写一个实现类，因为SqlSessionFactory通过Spring注入了，所以需要增加一个实现类拿到SqlSession。
再通过bean将实现类注入到Spring容器管理。

这里使用的MapperScannerConfigurer，好处是不用写实现类了，也不用bean注册实现类了。

2. 创建spring-service.xml

<!--1.扫描service下的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.service"/>

<!--2.将我们的所有业务类，注入到Spring，可以通过配置或注解实现-->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl">
    <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>

<!--3.声明式事务配置 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <!--注入数据源-->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>

<!-- 4.aop事务支持 -->

Spring就是整合dao和service。

SpringMVC层

1. 添加web支持
2. 写 web.xml 文件，导入注解驱动和过滤器防止乱码

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<session-config>
    <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>

3. 创建配置文件spring-mvc.xml

<!--注册驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--静态资源过滤-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--扫描包controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>

最后，将配置文件整合到applicationContext.xml中，方便管理。

<import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>

查询所有书籍

后台：controller访问到数据，返回给前端展示

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    //private BookService bookService = new BookServiceImpl()
    private BookService bookService;

    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model) {
        List<Books> books = bookService.listBooks();
        model.addAttribute("books",books);
        return "allBook";
    }
}

首页：index.jsp

<head>
    <title>首页</title>
      <style>
          a{
              text-decoration: none;
              color: black;
              font-size: 18px;
          }
          h3{
              width: 180px;
              height: 38px;
              margin: 100px auto;
              text-align: center;
              line-height: 38px;
              background: deeppink;
              border-radius: 5px;
          }
      </style>
  </head>
  <body>
      <h3>
        <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">进入书籍页面</a>
      </h3>
  </body>

书籍展示界面

<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<head>
<title>书籍展示</title>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

	<div class="container">
	    <div class="row clearfix">
	        <div class="col-md-12 column">
	            <div class="page_header">
	                <h1>
	                    <small>书籍列表 ———— 显示所有书籍</small>
	                </h1>
	            </div>
	        </div>
	    </div>
	
	    <div class="row clearfix">
	        <div class="col-md-12 column">
	            <table class="table table_hover table-striped">
	                <thead>
	                <tr>
	                    <th>书籍编号</th>
	                    <th>书籍名称</th>
	                    <th>书籍数量</th>
	                    <th>书籍详情</th>
	                </tr>
	                </thead>
	                <%-- 书籍从数据库中查询出来，从list中遍历出来 --%>
	                <tbody>
	                <c:forEach var="book" items="${books}">
	                    <tr>
	                        <td>${book.bookID}</td>
	                        <td>${book.bookName}</td>
	                        <td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
	                        <td>${book.detail}</td>
	                    </tr>
	                </c:forEach>
	                </tbody>
	            </table>
	        </div>
	    </div>
	    
	</div>
</body>

增加书籍

1. 在显示所有书籍页面中，增加一个超链接，点击跳转到添加书籍的表单页面

<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-4 column">
        <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">增加书籍</a>
    </div>
</div>

2. 加一个controller：toAddBookPage。可以跳转到添加书籍页面

//增加书籍
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddBookPaper() {
    return "addBook";
}

3. 写一个jsp页面：addBook.jsp

<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍名称：</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="bookName" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍数量：</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="bookCounts" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍描述：</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="detail" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <input type="submit" class="form-control" value="添加">
        </div>
    </form>
</div>

4. 将要添加的书籍，存入数据库。再写一个controller

//添加书籍请求
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books books) {
    bookService.addBook(books);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook"; //添加完，跳转回查询所有书籍页面
}

修改书籍

1. 在显示所有书籍的表格中，增加一列表格

<td>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdate?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a>
</td>

2. 写一个controller，跳转到修改书籍页面

@RequestMapping("/toUpdate")
public String toUpdatePage(int id,Model model) {
    Books books = bookService.selectBook(id);
    model.addAttribute("QBook", books);
    return "updateBook";
}

3. 写一个jsp页面，要有数据回显

<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${QBook.bookID}">
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍名称：</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="bookName" value="${QBook.bookName}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍数量：</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="bookCounts" value="${QBook.bookCounts}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label>书籍描述：</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="detail" value="${QBook.detail}" required>
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <input type="submit" class="form-control" value="修改">
        </div>
    </form>
</div>

4. 再写一个controller，修改数据库中的数据，再查询数据到页面上

//修改书籍请求
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Books books,Model model) {
    bookService.updateBook(books);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

注意：在修改书籍的jsp中，要写隐藏域传递id。因为我们在第一步传递了id，让controller通过id查询到这条数据，然后再跳转到jsp页面，这时jsp页面中是没有第一步所传递的id的。但是我们第四步的controller是要根据id来修改数据的，所以要在表单中增加一个隐藏域，将id也传递到controller，controller就能根据id修改数据了。

删除书籍

1. 在修改书籍的超链接下，加一个删除的超链接。这里传递参数用的RestFul风格

<td>
   <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deleteBook/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
</td>

2. 写一个controller

//删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/deleteBook/{bookId}") //RestFul风格
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
    bookService.deleteBook(id);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

3. 建议在删除的超链接上加一个JavaScript，提示是否删除

根据名字查询书籍

1. dao层，接口

Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);

mapper.xml

<select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
    select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName = #{bookName}
</select>

2. service层，写接口和实现类

Books queryBookByName(String bookName);

@Override
public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {
    return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);
}

3. controller层

//根据名字查询书籍
@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName, Model model) {
    Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
    List<Books> list = new ArrayList<Books>();
    list.add(books);
    if(books == null) {
        list = bookService.listBooks();
        model.addAttribute("error","未查到");
    }
    model.addAttribute("list",list);
    return "allBook";
}

4. 展示书籍页面

<div class="col-md-8 column">
    <form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
        <span style="color: red;font-width: bold">${error}</span>
        <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍名称">
        <input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
    </form>
</div>

前端：Bootstrap可视化布局