python unittest测试框架

1、导入包

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from time import sleep
import unittest

• unittest是系统自带的，无需安装

• 需要安装以下包

 pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple selenium --target E:\pyprojects\venv\Lib\site-packages
 pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple urllib3 --target E:\pyprojects\venv\Lib\site-packages

2、创建类

2.1 全局变量

driver = None

• 定义驱动器

• 放在模块中，不要放在类中

2.2 创建测试类

class class_name(unittest.TestCase)：

• 括号内表示继承unittest.TestCase类
  • 大小写不能弄错

2.3 创建初始化和还原环境的函数

@classmethod
def setUpClass(cls):
    print("Run before all tests start")
# 必须使用@classmethod装饰器
# cls不能省略
    
@classmethod
def tearDownClass(cls):
    print("Run after all tests done")
# 必须使用@classmethod装饰器
# cls不能省略
    
def setUp(self):
    print("Run at the begin of each test")
# self 不能省略
    
def tearDown(self):
    print("Run at the end of each test")
# self 不能省略  

2.4 测试函数

def test_A(self):
    print("A")
    
def test_B(self):
    print("B")

2.5 运行测试

if __name__=="__main__":
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)

2.6 示例

2.6.1 示例一

代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from time import sleep
import unittest


class class_name(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        print("Run before all tests start")
    # 必须使用@classmethod装饰器
    # cls不能省略
        
    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        print("Run after all tests done")
    # 必须使用@classmethod装饰器
    # cls不能省略
        
    def setUp(self):
        print("Run at the begin of each test")
    # self 不能省略
        
    def tearDown(self):
        print("Run at the end of each test")
    # self 不能省略  

    def test_A(self):
        print("A")
    
    def test_B(self):
        print("B")

if __name__=="__main__":
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)

结果：

(venv) PS E:\pyprojects> & e:/pyprojects/venv/Scripts/python.exe e:/pyprojects/test.py
Run before all tests start
test_A (__main__.class_name) ... Run at the begin of each test
A
Run at the end of each test
ok
test_B (__main__.class_name) ... Run at the begin of each test
B
Run at the end of each test
ok
Run after all tests done

2.6.2 示例二

代码：

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from time import sleep
import unittest

driver = None
#初始化变驱动器

class class_name(unittest.TestCase):
    
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        global driver
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(r"C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chromedriver.exe")

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls):
        driver.quit()

    def setUp(self):
        print("Run at the begin of each test")

    def tearDown(self):
        print("Run at the end of each test")


    def test_A(self):
        print("A")
    
    def test_B(self):
        print("B")

if __name__=="__main__":
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)

结果：

PS E:\pyprojects> & e:/pyprojects/venv/Scripts/activate.ps1
(venv) PS E:\pyprojects> & e:/pyprojects/venv/Scripts/python.exe e:/pyprojects/test.py

DevTools listening on ws://127.0.0.1:57082/devtools/browser/6785f7e7-2dbd-4383-84f2-c063a59d27ac
test_A (__main__.class_name) ... Run at the begin of each test
A
Run at the end of each test
ok
test_B (__main__.class_name) ... Run at the begin of each test
B
Run at the end of each test
ok

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 7.223s

OK

3、断言

4、参数化

4.1 安装nose_parameterized

pip install nose_parameterized

4.2 导入包parameterized

import parameterized

4.3 定义参数数据

data = [[data11, data12],
        [data21, data22]
       ]

• 参数放在列表中

4.4 引入参数

@parameterized.parameterized.expand(data)
def test...(self, param_1, param_2)

5、测试套件

5.1指定运行一个模块中的一个测试

5.2 指定按顺序运行一个模块中的多个测试

5.3 自动发现多个测试

6、测试报告