python基本语句傻瓜式入门

1.导入模块
模块就是别人写的程序。
不仅可以导入，还可以选择导入哪一部分。
不仅导入别人的，还可以自己取名字。

import time
print(time.localtime())
import time as t 
print(t.localtime())
# from a.b.c import d
from time import time
print(time())
from time import *
print(localtime())

2.异常处理
try试试，不成功也要有执行方法。

try:
    file = open('1.py', 'r+')
except Exception as e:
    print('there is no file named as eeeee')
    response = input('do you want to create a new file')
    if response =='y':
        file = open('eeee','w')
    else:
        pass
else:
    file.write('ssss')
file.close()

3.字符串操作
改变大小写，插入制表符，清理空间，改变变量类型。

string=" test " # 1. re 2. text processing
number=1
print("Change the Upper/Lower case")  
print(string.upper())
print(string.lower())
print("\n")

print("Insert the Tab")
print("\t"+string)
print("\n")

print("Clear the space")  
print(string.rstrip())
print(string.lstrip())
print(string.strip())
print("\n")

print("Change the variable type") 
print(str(number))

4.列表操作
插入元素在尾部、特定位置，删除元素，输出长度。

listT1=['a','b','c','d','e','f']
list = []
dic = {"name":"harry"} 
listT1.append('g')  # at the end of the list
print("1st")
print(listT1)

listT1=['a','b','c','d','e','f']
listT1.insert(0,'0')  # at the particular position
print("2nd")
print(listT1)

listT1=['a','b','c','d','e','f']
print("3rd")
del listT1[0]
print(listT1)

listT1=['a','b','c','d','e','f']
print("5th")
listT1.remove('b')
print(listT1)

print("6th Length of the list:")
print(len(listT1))

5.元组
不可变列表。

tupleT1=(0,1,2,3,4,'Apple')
print(tupleT1[5])

6.列表选择元素的快速操作和切片。

listT1=['apple','banana','cake','dog']
for x in listT1:
	print(x)
for y in range(1,5):
	print(y)
for z in range(1,11,2):
	listT1.append(z**2)
print(listT1)

listT2=[w**2 for w in range(1,5)]
print(listT2)

print(listT2[:])
print(listT2[:3])
print(listT2[1:])
print(listT2[1:3])
print(listT2[-3:])

7.循环语句

num1=0
while num1<=50:
	print("\t"+str(num1))
	num1+=1
	if num1==5:
		print("break")
		break
	else:
		print("continue")
		continue

8.分支语句

x=5

if (x==3):
	print("x=3") 
elif x==4:
	print("x=4") 
elif x==5:
	print("x=5") 
else:
	print("x!=3v4v5") 

9.函数的返回值与调用

def sayhello(user_name='Default name'):  
	return ("Hello! "+user_name)

def sayhello2(a,user_name='Default name'):  
	return ("Hello! "+a)

print(sayhello())
print(sayhello('1'))

test = sayhello()
print(test)

def team(a,*b):  
	print(a+" : "+str(b))

team("1","2")
team("1","2","3","4")

10.文件路径和读写

Dc2='1.txt'
with open(Dc2) as FileTP2: 
	contents = FileTP2.read() 
	print(contents.rstrip())

11.类的定义
一堆有共同特征的函数，需要init函数的共性，参数传递方式要注意。

class Team():
	def __init__(self, name):
		self.name = name
	
	def ReportName(self):
		print(self.name)

AlphaTeam = Team('Sarah')
AlphaTeam.ReportName()