MGRE环境下的OSPF实验

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-27 09:23:26 发布
最新推荐文章于 2025-05-27 09:23:26 发布
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分类专栏： HCIP 文章标签： 网络 网络协议
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_44610118/article/details/125757591
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本文详细描述了如何在R1、R2、R3上配置星型网络和R1、R4、R5间的MGRE结构，涉及规划网段、设置缺省路由，并利用OSPF实现私有网段间的通信。同时展示了R1上的关键配置步骤和OSPF路由表状态。

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在这里插入图片描述规划网段，配置路由，写缺省路由
在这里插入图片描述R1:
G 0/0/1 16.0.0.1 24
G 0/0/0 116.0.0.1 24
L0 192.168.1.1 24
R2:
G 0/0/0 26.0.0.1 24
L0 192.168.2.1 24
R3:
G 0/0/0 36.0.0.1 24
L0 192.168.3.1 24
R4:
G 0/0/0 46.0.0.1 24
L0 192.168.4.1 24
R5:
G 0/0/0 56.0.0.1 24
L0 192.168.5.1 24
R6(ISP）:
G 0/0/1 16.0.0.2 24
G 0/0/0 116.0.0.2 24
G 4/0/2 26.0.0.2 24
G 4/0/1 36.0.0.2 24
G 4/0/0 46.0.0.2 24
G 0/0/2 56.0.0.2 24

需求2：
R1/R4/R5为全连的MGRE结构
在R1上：

[r1]int t 0/0/1  #创建虚拟隧道
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 192.168.6.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp #选择协议类型
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]source 116.0.0.1  #写源ip（固定）
Jul 13 2022 10:01:55-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface Tunnel0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp network-id 200
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry multicast dynamic 

[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry 192.168.6.2 46.0.0.1 register  #目的ip（实际和虚拟）

[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry 192.168.6.3 56.0.0.1 register

在R4上：
（同理R1）

[r4]int t 0/0/0
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.6.2 24
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]source 46.0.0.1
Jul 13 2022 10:04:20-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 200
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.1 116.0.0.1 register 
Info: This peer protocol address conflicts with hub register peer protocol addre
ss. 
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.3 56.0.0.1 register

在R5上：

[r5]int t 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.6.3 24
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source 56.0.0.1
Jul 13 2022 10:05:22-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 200
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic 
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.1 116.0.0.1 register 
Info: This peer protocol address conflicts with hub register peer protocol addre
ss. 

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.2 46.0.0.1 register

查看配置（因为都是“中心站点”，所以在R1/R4/R5上查看均可）：

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]display nhrp peer al
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag         
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
192.168.6.1     32    116.0.0.1       192.168.6.1     dynamic      route tunnel 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0
Created time    : 00:02:48
Expire time     : 01:57:12
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag         
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
192.168.6.2     32    46.0.0.1        192.168.6.2     dynamic      route tunnel 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0
Created time    : 00:00:47
Expire time     : 01:59:13

Number of nhrp peers: 2

R1/R2/R3为星型拓扑，R1为中心站点
在R1上

[r1]int t 0/0/0 #创建虚拟隧道
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.7.1 24 #配置ip
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 16.0.0.1  #源ip
Jul 13 2022 09:53:09-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic

在R2上：

[r2]int t 0/0/0 
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.7.2 24  #创建虚拟隧道并配置ip
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp  #选择网络类型
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]source g 0/0/0
Jul 13 2022 09:56:01-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.7.1 16.0.0.1 register  #目的ip（实际和虚拟）

在R3上：
（同理R2）

[r3]int t 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.7.3 24
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source g 0/0/0
Jul 13 2022 09:57:38-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.7.1 16.0.0.1 register

在R1上查看：

[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]display nhrp peer all
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag         
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
192.168.7.2     32    26.0.0.1        192.168.7.2     dynamic      route tunnel 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0
Created time    : 00:00:23
Expire time     : 01:59:37
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Protocol-addr   Mask  NBMA-addr       NextHop-addr    Type         Flag         
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
192.168.7.3     32    36.0.0.1        192.168.7.3     dynamic      route tunnel 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0
Created time    : 00:00:18
Expire time     : 01:59:42

Number of nhrp peers: 2
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]

需求3：
所有私有网络可以互相通讯，私有网段使用OSPF完成
在R1上：

[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1  #配置ospf
[r1-ospf-1]area 0  #创建区域
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 	#宣告直连网段
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.255
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r1-ospf-1]q
[r1]int t 0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp #R1/R2/R3星型网络拓扑隧道网络类型：p2mp（中心站点）
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf network-type broadcast # R1/R4/R5 MGRE 网络类型：广播

在R2上：
（R3同理）

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
Info: The configuration succeeded. You need to restart the OSPF process to valid
ate the new router ID.
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.255
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]
[r2]display ip routing-table protocol ospf 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
         Destinations : 7        Routes : 7        

OSPF routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 7        Routes : 7

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

    192.168.1.1/32  OSPF    10   1562        D   192.168.7.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.3.1/32  OSPF    10   3124        D   192.168.7.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.4.1/32  OSPF    10   3124        D   192.168.7.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.5.1/32  OSPF    10   3124        D   192.168.7.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.6.0/24  OSPF    10   3124        D   192.168.7.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.7.1/32  OSPF    10   1562        D   192.168.7.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.7.3/32  OSPF    10   3124        D   192.168.7.1     Tunnel0/0/0

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

在R4上：
（R5同理）

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 
[r4]display ip routing-table protocol ospf 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : OSPF
         Destinations : 7        Routes : 7        

OSPF routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 7        Routes : 7

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

    192.168.1.1/32  OSPF    10   1562        D   192.168.6.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.2.1/32  OSPF    10   3124        D   192.168.6.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.3.1/32  OSPF    10   3124        D   192.168.6.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.5.1/32  OSPF    10   1562        D   192.168.6.3     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.7.1/32  OSPF    10   1562        D   192.168.6.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.7.2/32  OSPF    10   3124        D   192.168.6.1     Tunnel0/0/0
    192.168.7.3/32  OSPF    10   3124        D   192.168.6.1     Tunnel0/0/0

OSPF routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0
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