nginx的安装和常用操作

一，nginx的安装
1.安装包管理工具

yum install yum-utils

2.在/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo下写

[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true

3.查看是否成功

yum list nginx

4.安装

yum -y install nginx

二，nginx的相关操作
1.配置web服务器的核心文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

user  nginx; #用户
worker_processes  1;#取决于cpu核心数

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;#错误日志
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;    #主进程pid


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

#服务器核心配置
http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;
	#引入子配置文件，位置为/etc/nginx/conf.d
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

2.网站的核心配置在/etc/nginx/conf.d 里面

3.启动nginx

systemctl start nginx

4.查看nginx运行状态

systemctl status nginx

5.查看nginx进程

ps aux | grep nginx

6.nginx的语法检测与重启
6.1语法检测

nginx -t

6.2重启

systemctl reload nginx

7.nginx的操作
7.1快速关机

nginx -s stop

7.2正常关机

nginx -s quit

8.查看端口
netstat -anlpt | grep 80

三，防火墙，nginx启动后用ip去访问如果无法访问就是和防火墙有关系
1使用命令查看

systemctl status firewalld

3.开启防火墙

systemctl start firewalld.service

4.重启防火墙

systemctl restart firewalld.service

5.查看firewall防火墙的状态

firewall-cmd --state

6.查看防火墙开放端口规则

firewall-cmd --list-port

7.查看80端口是否开启

firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp

8.开放80端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=80/tcp  #（–permanent永久生效，没有此参数重启后就失效）

9.加载生效开放的端口
每次修改防火墙，或者修改端口都需要用下面的命令重启防火墙

firewall-cmd --reload

10.查询指定端口80是否开放

firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp