nginx中的日志管理，访问限速，请求频率，压缩文件，systemctl脚本，图像管理

一、日志管理

1.备份日志

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/logs/
[root@server1 logs]# ls
access.log  error.log
[root@server1 logs]# mv /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log /usr/local/nginx/logs/`date +%F -d -1day`_access.log
[root@server1 logs]# ls
2019-05-09_access.log  error.log
[root@server1 logs]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen #重新开启nginx

2.shell脚本实现日志备份

编写shall脚本：

[root@server1 logs]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/logs/oldlogs
[root@server1 logs]# vim logs_back.sh

#!/bin/bash

LOG_PATH=/usr/local/nginx/logs/oldlogs
CUR_LOG_PATH=/usr/local/nginx/logs
YESTERDAY=$(date +%F -d -1day)

mv $CUR_LOG_PATH/access.log $LOG_PATH/${YESTERDAY}_access.log
mv $CUR_LOG_PATH/error.log $LOG_PATH/${YESTERDAY}_error.log

kill -USR1 $(cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid)

[root@server1 logs]# chmod +x logs_back.sh  #加执行权限

设置延时任务：

[root@server1 logs]# crontab -e

0 0 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/nginx/logs/logs_back.sh

#查看是否设置成功
[root@server1 logs]# cat /var/spool/cron/root  #每天的0点0分执行备份脚本
0 0 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/nginx/logs/logs_back.sh
[root@server1 logs]# systemctl enable crond

二、设置压缩文件大小和类型

[root@server1 logs]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

 33     gzip  on;
 34     gzip_min_length 1;  ##最小压缩大小1kb
 35     gzip_comp_level 2;
 36     gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd/php image/jpeg image/gif image/png;  ##压缩文件类型

三、nginx的systemctl启动脚本

#如果没有httpd服务，需要先安装：yum install httpd -y
[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@server1 system]# cp httpd.service /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service

[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP Server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Unit]:服务的说明
Description:描述服务
After:描述服务类别

[Service]服务运行参数的设置
Type=forking是后台运行的形式
ExecStart为服务的具体运行命令
ExecReload为重启命令
ExecStop为停止命令
PrivateTmp=True表示给服务分配独立的临时空间
注意：启动、重启、停止命令全部要求使用绝对路径

[Install]服务安装的相关设置，可设置为多用户

 

 文件设为755权限并使文件生效
[root@server1 logs]# chmod 755 /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service 
[root@server1 logs]# systemctl daemon-reload

[root@server1 logs]# systemctl start nginx  
[root@server1 logs]# ps ax

四、访问限速

[root@server1 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 38         limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=addr:10m;

 51         location /search/ {

 53             limit_req zone=one;
 54         }

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/  
[root@server1 html]# mkdir search
[root@server1 html]# cd search/ 
[root@server1 search]# ls
xmyrz.jpg

[root@server1 search]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

测试：

[kiosk@foundation60 ~]$ ab -c 1 -n 10 http://172.25.60.1/search/xmyrz.jpg

仅需要0.005s

限制速度：

[root@server1 nginx]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 53         location /search/ {
 54             limit_rate 10k;
 55             limit_req zone=one;
 56         }

[root@server1 nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

测试：

[kiosk@foundation60 ~]$ ab -c 1 -n 10 http://172.25.60.1/search/xmyrz.jpg

需要0.022s

五、设置请求频率

[root@server1 nginx]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

 39         limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;

 54         location /search/ {
 55             #limit_rate 10k;
 56             limit_req zone=one burst=5;
 57         }

[root@server1 nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

测试：请求有10次，间隔9秒

六、图像管理

1.重新编译nginx

安装gd

[root@server1 ~]# ls
gd-devel-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y gd-devel-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm 

重新编译nginx

[root@server1 ~]# ls
gd-devel-2.0.35-26.el7.x86_64.rpm  nginx-1.15.8.tar.gz  nginx-1.16.0.tar.gz
nginx-1.15.8                       nginx-1.16.0         xmyrz.jpg
[root@server1 ~]# cd nginx-1.15.8/
[root@server1 nginx-1.15.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx/ --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic
[root@server1 nginx-1.15.8]# make

 2.建立图像过滤模块

[root@server1 nginx-1.15.8]# cd objs/
[root@server1 objs]# cp -f nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
cp: overwrite ‘/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx’? y
[root@server1 objs]# mkdir /usr/local/nginx/modules
[root@server1 objs]# cp ngx_http_image_filter_module.so /usr/local/nginx/modules/

3.编辑nginx配置文件，修改图片的尺寸

[root@server1 conf]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf

 46         location / {
 47             root   html;
 48             index  index.html index.htm;
 49         }
 50         location /search/ {
 51             image_filter resize 600 450;
 52         }
 53 
 54         #error_page  404              /404.html;

4.浏览器访问http://172.25.60.1/search/xmyrz.jpg，图片大小改变