使用el-upload组件覆盖默认的上传行为，可以自定义上传的实现（就是将默认的post方式改成get或者其他）

//vue模板中的样式     
 <el-form-item label="选择文件：" prop="filepath">
          <el-upload
            class="upload-demo"
            action=""
            :on-remove="handleRemove"
            :before-remove="beforeRemove"
            :file-list="fileList"
            :limit="limitNum1"
            :http-request="getFangShi"
            accept=".xls,.xlsx"
          >
            <!-- :show-file-list="false" -->
            <el-button size="small" type="primary">点击上传文件</el-button>
          </el-upload>
        </el-form-item>

//data中需要定义的数据字段
 // 上传附件用
      fileList: [],
      limitNum1: 1, //只允许上传一个附件-----后端说按照一个来先

//js写法
getFangShi(item) {
      let formData = new FormData();
      formData.append("file", item.file);
      console.log(formData.get("file"), "这是给文件传入时候的数据append");
      formData.append("rwid", this.dataId);
      console.log(formData.get("rwid"), "append之后的数据");
      axios({
        method: "post",
        url: this.$config + "/qycqgz/importData",
        data: formData,
        headers: {
          "Content-Type":
            "multipart/form-data;boundary = " + new Date().getTime(),
        },
      })
        .then((res) => {
          console.log(res, "成功");
        })
        .catch(function (error) {
          console.log(error, "失败");
        });
    },
handleRemove(file, fileList) {
      console.log(file, fileList);
      this.addForm.filepath = "";
      this.addForm.filename = "";
      this.fileList = [];
    },
 beforeRemove(file, fileList) {
      return this.$confirm(`确定移除 ${file.name}？`);
    },

其主要用到了http-request方法，成功（on-success）和失败（on-error）的函数可以不写