haproxy代理 负载均衡

之前一直想做mysql的读写分离实验，发现haproxy更多的是负载均衡，针对的是多从库间的负载均衡（其实也可以做web端的负载均衡）
haproxy ip 192.168.3.3
slave1 192.168.3.8
slave2 192.168.3.5
centos6.7yum库里有haproxy
yum安装完后

[root@mycat3 src]# find / -name haproxy
/usr/sbin/haproxy
/etc/rc.d/init.d/haproxy
/etc/haproxy
/var/lock/subsys/haproxy
/var/lib/haproxy
/root/haproxy-1.7.11/haproxy

主要 /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

**********************************************************************
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
    # to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
    # need to:
    #
    # 1) configure syslog to accept network log events.  This is done
    #    by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
    #    /etc/sysconfig/syslog
    #
    # 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
    #   file. A line like the following can be added to
    #   /etc/sysconfig/syslog
    #
    #    local2.*                       /var/log/haproxy.log
    #
    log         127.0.0.1 local2
 
    chroot      /var/lib/haproxy
    pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid
    maxconn     4000
    user        haproxy
    group       haproxy
    daemon
 
defaults
    mode                    http
    log                     global
    option                  httplog
    option                  dontlognull
    option http-server-close
    option forwardfor       except 127.0.0.0/8
    option                  redispatch
    retries                 3
    timeout http-request    10s
    timeout queue           1m
    timeout connect         10s
    timeout client          1m
    timeout server          1m
    timeout http-keep-alive 10s
    timeout check           10s
    maxconn                 30000 


 listen stats                            #关联前端和后端定义一个完整的代理
    mode http                           #设置代理协议
    bind 0.0.0.0:8080                   #绑定相应的端口
    stats enable                        #开启Haproxy统计状态
    stats refresh 3s             #统计页面自动刷新时间间隔
    stats hide-version                  #隐藏代理服务器版本
    stats uri     /haproxyadmin?stats   #访问的url
    stats realm   Haproxy\ Statistics   #统计页面认证时提示内容信息
    stats auth    admin:123456          #设置登录用户和密码     
    stats admin if TRUE                 #如果认证通过，则就可以打开stats
 
 
frontend http-in
    bind *:80
    mode http
    log global
    option httpclose
    option logasap
    option dontlognull
    capture request  header Host len 20
    capture request  header Referer len 60
    default_backend servers
 
frontend healthcheck
    bind :1099
    mode http
    option httpclose
    option forwardfor
    default_backend servers
 
backend servers
    balance roundrobin
    server websrv1 10.10.172.196:80 check maxconn 2000
    server websrv2 10.10.172.197:80 check maxconn 2000

数据库代理配置

[root@mycat3 haproxy]# vim haproxy.cfg 


global
    log         127.0.0.1 local2
    chroot      /var/lib/haproxy
    pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid
    maxconn     4000
    user        haproxy
    group       haproxy
    daemon
    stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats

defaults
        log     global
        log 127.0.0.1 local3
        mode    http
        option  tcplog
        option  dontlognull
        retries 10
        option redispatch
        maxconn         2000
        timeout connect         10s
        timeout client          1m
        timeout server          1m
        timeout http-keep-alive 10s
        timeout check           10s

listen  mysql
        bind 0.0.0.0:7306    监听所有IP的7306端口
        mode tcp
        balance roundrobin
        server mysql1 192.168.3.8:3306
        server mysql2 192.168.3.5:3306

listen stats                                  #这个是配置的web页面内容，通过web方式来查看haproxy的状态
        bind 0.0.0.0:1080
        mode http
        option httplog
        maxconn 10
        stats refresh 30s
        stats uri /stats
        stats realm XingCloud\ Haproxy
        stats auth admin:admin #用这个账号和密码登录，可以自己设置
        stats auth Frank:Frank
        stats hide-version
        stats admin if TRUE

Navicat for MySQL 进行连接 haproxy的端口 7306

可以看得出来轮询slave1和slave2的内容

web查看方式 192.168.3.3:1080/stats 之前配置文件中配置的账户是admin密码是admin

这里的负载均衡都采用的roundrobin（轮询调度）
轮询调度（Round Robin 简称’RR’）算法就是按依次循环的方式将请求调度到不同的服务器上，该算法最大的特点就是实现简单。轮询算法假设所有的服务器处理请求的能力都一样的，调度器会将所有的请求平均分配给每个真实服务器

roundrobin

 #配置
    balance     roundrobin
    server  web1 192.168.10.203:80 check
    server  web2 192.168.10.204:80 check
    
    #测试,haproxy以1:1的权重比对后端服务器进行轮询
    ]# curl 192.168.10.201
    welcome to web2
    ]# curl 192.168.10.201
    welcome to web1
    ]# curl 192.168.10.201
    welcome to web2
    ]# curl 192.168.10.201
    welcome to web1

#配置
balance roundrobin
server web1 192.168.10.203:80 weight 3 check
server web2 192.168.10.204:80 weight 1 check

#测试,可以在运行时动态调整权重
]# systemctl reload haproxy
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web2

static-rr

#配置
balance static-rr
server web1 192.168.10.203:80 check
server web2 192.168.10.204:80 check

#测试
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web2
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web2

#配置
balance static-rr
server web1 192.168.10.203:80 weight 1 check
server web2 192.168.10.204:80 weight 3 check

#测试,重读配置文件一样可以生效,有点糊涂了…静态方法和动态方法区别???
]# systemctl reload haproxy
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web2

leastconn

#配置
balance leastconn
server web1 192.168.10.203:80 check
server web2 192.168.10.204:80 check

#测试
和roundrobin一摸一样…果然不适合http这种短连接?

first

#配置
balance first
server web1 192.168.10.203:80 check
server web2 192.168.10.204:80 check

#测试,一直是203web服务器在响应,估计要等到最大连接数才转换到204吧
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1

source

#配置
balance source
server web1 192.168.10.203:80 check
server web2 192.168.10.204:80 check

#测试,在node2上访问一直是web1,在node1上访问一直是web2
[root@node2 ~]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
[root@node2 ~]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
[root@node1 ~]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web2
[root@node1 ~]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web2

uri

#配置
balance uri
server web1 192.168.10.203:80 check
server web2 192.168.10.204:80 check

#测试,同一uri绑定在同一台服务器
]# curl 192.168.10.201/test1.html
welcome to page1 on web2
]# curl 192.168.10.201/test1.html
welcome to page1 on web2
]# curl 192.168.10.201/test2.html
welcome to page2 on web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201/test2.html
welcome to page2 on web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201/test3.html
welcome to page3 on web2
]# curl 192.168.10.201/test3.html
welcome to page3 on web2

url_param

#配置文件
balance     url_param test
server  web1 192.168.10.203:80 check
server  web2 192.168.10.204:80 check

#测试,同一param会被调度到同一台服务器,若没有param则会使用roundrobin算法
]# curl 192.168.10.201?test=one
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201?test=one
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201?test=1
welcome to web2
]# curl 192.168.10.201?test=1
welcome to web2
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web1
]# curl 192.168.10.201
welcome to web2

hdr(< name>)

#配置
balance hdr(user-agent)
server web1 192.168.10.203:80 check
server web2 192.168.10.204:80 check

#测试,不同的浏览器,不同的user-agent会被固定分配到不同的服务器
使用chrome:welcome to web1
使用ie:welcome to web2

总结
HAProxy是一款优秀的负载均衡软件,丰富的配置使其可以轻松实现会话绑定,url绑定,hdr绑定乃至动静分离等功能

作者：staightChen
来源：优快云
原文：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/eddie_cm/article/details/79796883
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！