从文件中读取矩阵并存储

从文件中读取矩阵并存储（python）

1、读取文件：

with open("matrix.txt", "r") as lines:	# 读取文件matrix.txt，并将内容保存至lines
	for line in lines.readlines():	# 从文件中逐行读取信息，返回值为字符串形式
	# 对每行的内容进行具体操作
	lines.close()	# 关闭文件

其中，with的使用可以简化try…except….finlally
读写文件的函数使用：
open(arg1, arg2)：arg1表示文件名，arg2表示打开方式[1]

2、将字符串转化为整型元组：

文件中保存的矩阵信息：

7,3,2,9,9,2,3,3,1,3
1,8,5,2,8,7,9,6,2,3
3,4,7,8,8,4,2,8,8,7
4,7,9,7,4,4,2,7,1,1
6,4,4,7,3,7,6,9,3,6
7,7,7,5,1,6,1,5,7,1
4,4,9,6,7,2,1,8,8,7
3,8,7,8,2,3,6,8,9,9
8,9,6,9,3,2,7,6,3,8
5,6,5,3,4,4,4,4,2,1
3,5,2,3,7,6,2,8,8,3
5,1,2,5,9,8,1,7,8,1
3,4,9,5,6,7,5,7,5,5
3,8,2,5,8,6,9,3,3,8
9,3,8,4,2,8,4,9,5,1
6,7,1,6,1,8,7,3,3,6
4,7,3,3,9,1,6,7,8,3
6,7,8,7,8,1,1,4,6,1
6,4,9,7,5,7,5,2,4,9
8,4,2,8,3,2,6,6,9,2
1,4,3,7,1,7,9,9,6,8
7,4,3,9,8,7,4,3,3,8
8,9,2,5,6,4,2,8,2,9
1,5,9,9,6,8,7,5,9,9
2,8,2,8,5,3,6,8,6,5
6,5,2,1,6,4,4,4,6,9
8,7,3,3,1,2,7,5,1,6
8,4,4,8,4,5,8,9,6,3
3,3,9,8,3,6,6,2,4,5
4,5,2,4,8,8,7,4,2,7
9,3,2,3,6,9,9,9,8,6
3,6,6,3,8,2,2,1,2,2
5,8,4,3,1,1,4,4,2,1
8,4,5,4,7,1,8,6,2,3
8,9,5,1,9,7,8,1,9,2
2,4,3,2,7,6,7,9,7,2
2,2,9,1,8,6,9,7,3,9
2,5,3,8,2,7,1,1,4,9
6,5,6,6,3,1,4,9,3,2
3,4,6,8,1,3,5,6,8,8
3,5,9,1,3,6,6,9,4,7
9,6,9,4,9,5,3,9,8,4
5,8,9,3,4,9,2,9,2,1
9,6,7,5,2,1,7,9,7,8
6,8,5,9,1,6,5,1,2,4
3,2,7,9,8,9,6,9,5,7
2,6,3,1,5,9,4,5,1,3
4,7,7,9,8,4,1,7,1,7
7,5,6,4,5,8,1,1,7,9
6,6,2,9,3,7,3,8,3,4

每次处理一行信息：将每行的内容以string的格式存储在line中，下面将其保存至matrix中

1. 以","为分隔，将其保存在列表中：

t_line = line.split(',')

2. 将字符数组转化为整型数组：

int_col = list(map(int, t_line))

3. 依次将每行元素添加至矩阵中：

matrix = []	# 初始化
matrix.append(int_col)

3、完整代码及结果展示

def read_matrix(file):
    matrix = []
    with open(file, "r") as lines:
        for line in lines.readlines():
            matrix.append(list(map(int, line.split(','))))
        lines.close()
    return matrix

print(read_matrix("matrix.txt", "r"))

[[7, 3, 2, 9, 9, 2, 3, 3, 1, 3], [1, 8, 5, 2, 8, 7, 9, 6, 2, 3], [3, 4, 7, 8, 8, 4, 2, 8, 8, 7], [4, 7, 9, 7, 4, 4, 2, 7, 1, 1], [6, 4, 4, 7, 3, 7, 6, 9, 3, 6], [7, 7, 7, 5, 1, 6, 1, 5, 7, 1], [4, 4, 9, 6, 7, 2, 1, 8, 8, 7], [3, 8, 7, 8, 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 9], [8, 9, 6, 9, 3, 2, 7, 6, 3, 8], [5, 6, 5, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 2, 1], [3, 5, 2, 3, 7, 6, 2, 8, 8, 3], [5, 1, 2, 5, 9, 8, 1, 7, 8, 1], [3, 4, 9, 5, 6, 7, 5, 7, 5, 5], [3, 8, 2, 5, 8, 6, 9, 3, 3, 8], [9, 3, 8, 4, 2, 8, 4, 9, 5, 1], [6, 7, 1, 6, 1, 8, 7, 3, 3, 6], [4, 7, 3, 3, 9, 1, 6, 7, 8, 3], [6, 7, 8, 7, 8, 1, 1, 4, 6, 1], [6, 4, 9, 7, 5, 7, 5, 2, 4, 9], [8, 4, 2, 8, 3, 2, 6, 6, 9, 2], [1, 4, 3, 7, 1, 7, 9, 9, 6, 8], [7, 4, 3, 9, 8, 7, 4, 3, 3, 8], [8, 9, 2, 5, 6, 4, 2, 8, 2, 9], [1, 5, 9, 9, 6, 8, 7, 5, 9, 9], [2, 8, 2, 8, 5, 3, 6, 8, 6, 5], [6, 5, 2, 1, 6, 4, 4, 4, 6, 9], [8, 7, 3, 3, 1, 2, 7, 5, 1, 6], [8, 4, 4, 8, 4, 5, 8, 9, 6, 3], [3, 3, 9, 8, 3, 6, 6, 2, 4, 5], [4, 5, 2, 4, 8, 8, 7, 4, 2, 7], [9, 3, 2, 3, 6, 9, 9, 9, 8, 6], [3, 6, 6, 3, 8, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2], [5, 8, 4, 3, 1, 1, 4, 4, 2, 1], [8, 4, 5, 4, 7, 1, 8, 6, 2, 3], [8, 9, 5, 1, 9, 7, 8, 1, 9, 2], [2, 4, 3, 2, 7, 6, 7, 9, 7, 2], [2, 2, 9, 1, 8, 6, 9, 7, 3, 9], [2, 5, 3, 8, 2, 7, 1, 1, 4, 9], [6, 5, 6, 6, 3, 1, 4, 9, 3, 2], [3, 4, 6, 8, 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 8], [3, 5, 9, 1, 3, 6, 6, 9, 4, 7], [9, 6, 9, 4, 9, 5, 3, 9, 8, 4], [5, 8, 9, 3, 4, 9, 2, 9, 2, 1], [9, 6, 7, 5, 2, 1, 7, 9, 7, 8], [6, 8, 5, 9, 1, 6, 5, 1, 2, 4], [3, 2, 7, 9, 8, 9, 6, 9, 5, 7], [2, 6, 3, 1, 5, 9, 4, 5, 1, 3], [4, 7, 7, 9, 8, 4, 1, 7, 1, 7], [7, 5, 6, 4, 5, 8, 1, 1, 7, 9], [6, 6, 2, 9, 3, 7, 3, 8, 3, 4]]

参考博客：[1]https://www.runoob.com/python/python-files-io.html