最长有效括号(字符串匹配题型)

最长有效括号(字符串匹配题型)

输入: "(()"
输出: 2
解释: 最长有效括号子串为 "()"

输入: ")()())"
输出: 4
解释: 最长有效括号子串为 "()()"

最直观的栈解法,通过下标减下标值

class Solution {
    public int longestValidParentheses(String s) {
        int res = 0;
        Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
        stack.push(-1);
        for(int i =0;i<s.length();i++){
            if(s.charAt(i)=='('){
                stack.push(i);
            }else{
                stack.pop();
                if(stack.empty()){
                    stack.push(i);
                }else{
                    res = Math.max(res,i-stack.peek());
                }
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
}

dp解法

class Solution {
    public int longestValidParentheses(String s) {
        int maxans = 0;
        int dp[] = new int[s.length()];
        for (int i = 1; i < s.length(); i++) {
            if (s.charAt(i) == ')') {
                if (s.charAt(i - 1) == '(') {
                    dp[i] = (i >= 2 ? dp[i - 2] : 0) + 2;
                } else if (i - dp[i - 1] > 0 && s.charAt(i - dp[i - 1] - 1) == '(') {
                    dp[i] = dp[i - 1] + ((i - dp[i - 1]) >= 2 ? dp[i - dp[i - 1] - 2] : 0) + 2;
                }
                maxans = Math.max(maxans, dp[i]);
            }
        }
        return maxans;
    }
}

左边过一次，右边过一次，奇妙思路

public class Solution {
    public int longestValidParentheses(String s) {
        int left = 0, right = 0, maxlength = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
            if (s.charAt(i) == '(') {
                left++;
            } else {
                right++;
            }
            if (left == right) {
                maxlength = Math.max(maxlength, 2 * right);
            } else if (right > left) {
                left = right = 0;
            }
        }
        left = right = 0;
        for (int i = s.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            if (s.charAt(i) == '(') {
                left++;
            } else {
                right++;
            }
            if (left == right) {
                maxlength = Math.max(maxlength, 2 * left);
            } else if (left > right) {
                left = right = 0;
            }
        }
        return maxlength;
    }
}