【Linux】yum安装

一、删除原来的yum源

1、检查yum源：

rpm -qa | grep yum

2、删除原来的yum源

rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps

3、防止系统自带的插件subscription-manager订阅管理器进行注册

vi /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/subscription-manager.conf
#enabled=1

二、拷贝这三个安装包

如果没有可以从这个地址下载：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/
yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm

三、安装三个包

1、使用以下命令一次性安装3个包

rpm -ivh yum-*

2、检查是否安装成功

rpm -qa |grep yum

四、配置repo文件

1、在linux中进入etc文件，备份yum.repos.d文件

cd /etc
mv yum.repos.d yum.repos.d.bak
mkdir yum.repos.d

2、下载repo文件

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

或者

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

3、修改下载好的repo文件

下载好的repo文件应该在etc/yum.repos.d目录下，里面应该也只有一个文件，直接vim 文件名

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

把repo文件里所有 $releasever全部替换成版本号7
操作如下：
按下i键，然后按:
输入命令：

		%s/$releasever/7/g

替换完毕后，按Esc，然后 :wq 保存退出vim模式

2）-3）也可以手工放入

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-7 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-7 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

4、清除缓存

yum clean all

5、重新生成缓存

yum makecache

6、yum 更新

yum update
yum clean all && yum makecache && yum update