风火编程--python定时任务_python backgroundscheduler 单次任务-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_42620314/article/details/82789601

本文详细介绍Python中使用定时任务的方法，包括单次任务、固定时间点的循环任务和固定时间间隔的循环任务。通过实例演示了如何使用threading和apscheduler库实现定时执行的功能。

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python定时任务

指定时间长度后执行的单次任务

DEMO (5s后执行)

    import time
    from threading import Timer
    def func(msg, starttime):
        print( '程序启动时刻：', starttime, '当前时刻：', time.time(), '消息内容 --> %s' % (msg))
timer = Timer(5, func, ('hello world', time.time()))
timer.start()
while True:
        time.sleep(1024)

固定时间点执行的循环任务

DEMO (每次秒针指向5s时执行)

 from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler
    total = 0
    def print_job():
        global total
        total += 1
        print("print_job start.total = {} times".format(total))

  if __name__ == '__main__':
		scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()
		# 周一到周五每分钟的05s执行一次
	    scheduler.add_job(print_job, 'cron', second=0, minute='*', hour='*', day='*', month='*', day_of_week='mon-fri', year='*')
	    scheduler.start()
	    while True:
        time.sleep(1024)

固定时间间隔执行的循环任务

DEMO (每小时执行)

import time
from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler
INTERVAL = 1 * 60 * 60  # 时间间隔,单位:秒
total = 0
def print_job():
    global total
    # time.sleep(random.randint(INTERVAL ))
    total += 1
    print("print_job start.total = {} times".format(total))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()
    scheduler.add_job(print_job, 'interval', seconds=INTERVAL)
    scheduler.start()
    while True:
        time.sleep(1024)

如果需要使用随机时间启动, 只需要在job函数内添加time.sleep(random.randint(t)) , t为定时任务的启动时间间隔.

cron表达式转换成schedul参数的方法

def cron2schedule(cron):
    """
    cron表达式转换成schedule的参数
    :param cron: cron表达式
    :return: schedule的参数字典
    """
    params = cron.split(" ")
    kwargs = {}
    if len(params) == 6:
        arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6 = params
        kwargs['second'], kwargs['minute'], kwargs['hour'], kwargs['month'] = arg1, arg2, arg3, arg5
        kwargs['day'] = arg4 if arg6 == "?" else kwargs['day_of_weak'] = arg6
        kwargs['year'] = "*"

    else:
        arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7 = params
        kwargs['second'], kwargs['minute'], kwargs['hour'], kwargs['month'], kwargs['year'] = \
            arg1, arg2, arg3, arg5, arg7
        if arg4 == "?":
            kwargs['day_of_weak'] = arg6
        else:
            kwargs['day'] = arg4

    return kwargs