macOS 在make pycaffe时报错fatal error: 'Python.h' file not found解决

本文解决在Caffe环境中安装pycaffe时遇到的'Python.h'文件未找到的错误,提供了解决方案并更新了Python头文件的包含路径。

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安装完caffe,在caffe/build中执行make pycaffe时,报出以下错误:

 linxierdeAir:caffe linxier$ cd build
linxierdeAir:build linxier$ make pycaffe
[  1%] Built target caffeproto
[ 98%] Built target caffe
[ 98%] Building CXX object python/CMakeFiles/pycaffe.dir/caffe/_caffe.cpp.o
/Users/linxier/caffe/python/caffe/_caffe.cpp:1:10: fatal error: 'Python.h' file
      not found
#include <Python.h>  // NOLINT(build/include_alpha)
         ^~~~~~~~~~
1 error generated.
make[3]: *** [python/CMakeFiles/pycaffe.dir/caffe/_caffe.cpp.o] Error 1
make[2]: *** [python/CMakeFiles/pycaffe.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** [python/CMakeFiles/pycaffe.dir/rule] Error 2
make: *** [pycaffe] Error 2

解决方法:

export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7

参考链接:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35778495/fatal-error-python-h-file-not-found-while-installing-opencv
将路径名称改为自己电脑中含有Python.h的文件夹路径,之后编译成功。

stellaechen@STELLAECHEN-MC1 Python-2.7.13 % make ./python.exe -E -S -m sysconfig --generate-posix-vars ;\ if test $? -ne 0 ; then \ echo "generate-posix-vars failed" ; \ rm -f ./pybuilddir.txt ; \ exit 1 ; \ fi running build running build_ext building '_Qt' extension gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Mac/Include -I. -IInclude -I./Include -I/usr/local/include -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Include -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13 -c /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Mac/Modules/qt/_Qtmodule.c -o build/temp.macosx-15.4-arm64-2.7/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Mac/Modules/qt/_Qtmodule.o -Wno-deprecated-declarations error: unable to open output file 'build/temp.macosx-15.4-arm64-2.7/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Mac/Modules/qt/_Qtmodule.o': 'Operation not permitted' 1 error generated. building '_tkinter' extension gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -DWITH_APPINIT=1 -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Tcl.framework/Headers -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Tcl.framework/Versions/Current/PrivateHeaders -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Headers -I/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/Current/PrivateHeaders -I/usr/X11R6/include -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Mac/Include -I. -IInclude -I./Include -I/usr/local/include -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Include -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13 -c /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_tkinter.c -o build/temp.macosx-15.4-arm64-2.7/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_tkinter.o -framework Tk clang: warning: -framework Tk: 'linker' input unused [-Wunused-command-line-argument] In file included from /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_tkinter.c:71: /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/tk.h:86:11: fatal error: 'X11/Xlib.h' file not found 86 | # include <X11/Xlib.h> | ^~~~~~~~~~~~ 1 error generated. building '_ctypes' extension gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I_ctypes/darwin -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Mac/Include -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/powerpc -I. -IInclude -I./Include -I/usr/local/include -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Include -I/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13 -c /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c -o build/temp.macosx-15.4-arm64-2.7/Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.o -DMACOSX In file included from /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c:113: /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include/ffi.h:65:3: error: "Unsupported MacOS X CPU type" 65 | # error "Unsupported MacOS X CPU type" | ^ In file included from /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c:113: In file included from /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include/ffi.h:73: /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include/ffitarget.h:12:2: error: "Unsupported CPU type" 12 | #error "Unsupported CPU type" | ^ In file included from /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c:113: In file included from /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include/ffi.h:74: /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include/fficonfig.h:51:2: error: "Unknown CPU type" 51 | #error "Unknown CPU type" | ^ In file included from /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c:113: /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include/ffi.h:171:5: error: unknown type name 'ffi_abi' 171 | ffi_abi abi; | ^ /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include/ffi.h:193:2: error: unknown type name 'ffi_sarg' 193 | ffi_sarg sint; | ^ /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include/ffi.h:194:2: error: unknown type name 'ffi_arg' 194 | ffi_arg uint; | ^ /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/libffi_osx/include/ffi.h:307:11: error: unknown type name 'ffi_abi' 307 | ffi_abi abi, | ^ In file included from /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c:129: /Users/stellaechen/download/Python-2.7.13/Modules/_ctypes/ctypes.h:99:5: error: unknown type name 'ffi_closure' 99 | ffi_closure *pcl_write; /* the C callable, writeable */ | ^ 8 errors generated. Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found: _bsddb _curses _curses_panel _sqlite3 _ssl bsddb185 bz2 dbm dl gdbm imageop linuxaudiodev nis ossaudiodev readline spwd sunaudiodev zlib To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name. Failed to build these modules: _ctypes _Qt _tkinter running build_scripts stellaechen@STELLAECHEN-MC1 Python-2.7.13 % make install /usr/bin/install -c python.exe /usr/local/bin/python2.7 install: /usr/local/bin/INS@20xsco: Permission denied make: *** [altbininstall] Error 71 stellaechen@STELLAECHEN-MC1 Python-2.7.13 %
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