mysql5.7安装教程

下载地址:
        server方式:
            https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
        yum repository方式:
            https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
    解压:
        tar -xvf mysql-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
    卸载:
        rpm -qa |grep -i mysql;
        yum remove ***;
        rm -rf /var/log/mysqld.log;
        rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
        rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
        rm -rf /usr/share/mysql
        移除 mariadb(centos7自带)：
            rpm -qa | grep mariadb
            yum remove mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64或
            rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
    安装:
        server方式:
            (依次common→libs→client→server):
            rpm -ivh  mysql-community-common-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
            rpm -ivh  mysql-community-libs-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
            rpm -ivh  mysql-community-client-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
            rpm -ivh  mysql-community-server-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
        yum repository方式:  
            wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el6-8.noarch.rpm
            #wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm
            rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el6-8.noarch.rpm
            检查mysql源是否安装成功:
                yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
            查看哪些版本可用:
                yum repolist all | grep mysql
            修改repo配置:
                vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo;
                [mysql57-community]
                #baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
                baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch/
            安装:
                yum install mysql-community-server
            启动:
                systemctl start mysqld 
    自动生成文件夹:
        a./etc/下生成 my.cnf 文件 和 my.cnf.d 文件夹
        b./var/lib/下生产mysql, mysql-files,mysql-keyring
        c./var/log/ 下生成 mysqld.log 日志文件
        d. /var/run/ 下生成 mysqld 目录
        e./usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service服务启动脚本
    查看默认临时密码:
        grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
    修改密码:
        set global validate_password_policy=0;(必须长度大于8)
        alter user root@localhost identified by 'root248624';
    开启远程访问(默认本机访问):
        GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root@248624.'; 
    新建用户:
        GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'test248624' WITH GRANT OPTION;
        GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db1.* TO 'testSec'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'test248624' WITH GRANT OPTION;
        flush privileges;
        select  User,authentication_string,Host from user;
    账号:
        root root248624
        root root@248624.
        test test248624
        testSec  test248624
    启停:
        service:
            service mysqld start;
            service mysqld restart;
            service mysqld stop;
        systemctl:
            systemctl start mysqld.service
            systemctl stop mysqld.service
            systemctl restart mysqld.service
            
    mysql状态:
        service mysqld status;
        systemctl status mysqld.service
    开机自启动:
        systemctl enable mysqld.service
    查看mysql进程:
         ps -ef|grep -i  mysql;
    查看用户权限:
        show grants for 'helper'@'110.111.127.%'
    常见问题:
        阿里云ECS云服务器上缺失libaio：
             rpm -qa|grep libaio;
             yum -y install libaio;
        忘记root密码:
            /etc/my.cnf中skip-grant-tables，重启，重设密码
    4个默认库:
        mysql:
            用户，权限等
        performance_schema：
            服务器性能参数
        information_schema:
            元数据,如表名,列名，进程；
        sys:
            所有的数据源来自performance_schema,简单化，用于dba