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Farmer John's cows refused to run in his marathon since he chose a path much too long for their leisurely lifestyle. He therefore wants to find a path of a more reasonable length. The input to this pr...

我们将A省简化为由N个城市组成，某些城市之间存在双向道路，而且A省的交通有一个特点就是任意两个城市之间都能通过道路相互到达，且在不重复经过城市的情况下任意两个城市之间的到达方案都是唯一的。聪明的你一定已经发现，这些城市构成了树这样一个结构。现在百度陆续开了许许多多的子公司。每家子公司又会在各城市中不断兴建属于该子公司的办公室。由于各个子公司之间经常有资源的流动，所以公司员工常常想知道，两家子公...

Write a program that takes as input a rooted tree and a list of pairs of vertices. For each pair (u,v) the program determines the closest common ancestor of u and v in the tree. The closest common anc...

　　在Windows下我们可以通过cmd运行DOS的部分功能，其中CD是一条很有意思的命令，通过CD操作，我们可以改变当前目录。　　这里我们简化一下问题，假设只有一个根目录，CD操作也只有两种方式：　　　　1. CD 当前目录名\...\目标目录名 (中间可以包含若干目录，保证目标目录通过绝对路径可达)　　2. CD .. (返回当前目录的上级目录)　　　　现在给出当前目录和一个目标目...

There are n houses in the village and some bidirectional roads connecting them. Every day peole always like to ask like this "How far is it if I want to go from house A to house B"? Usually it hard to...

A network administrator manages a large network. The network consists of N computers and M links between pairs of computers. Any pair of computers are connected directly or indirectly by successive li...

A rooted tree is a well-known data structure in computer science and engineering. An example is shown below:In the figure, each node is labeled with an integer from {1, 2,...,16}. Node 8 is the root ...