地图（六）利用python绘制连接地图

地图（六）利用python绘制连接地图

连接地图（Connection Map）简介

连接地图可以将地图上相关信息连接起来以呈现关联或对比关系，例如常见的航班线绘制。

快速绘制

1. 基于cartopy和matplotlib

   import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
   import cartopy.feature as cfeature
   import cartopy.crs as ccrs
   import pandas as pd
   
   cities = {
       'city': ["Paris", "Melbourne", "Saint.Petersburg", "Abidjan", "Montreal", "Nairobi", "Salvador"],
       'lon': [2, 145, 30.32, -4.03, -73.57, 36.82, -38.5],
       'lat': [49, -38, 59.93, 5.33, 45.52, -1.29, -12.97]
   }
   df = pd.DataFrame(cities, columns = ['city', 'lon', 'lat'])
   
   # 创建一个地图
   plt.figure(figsize=[10, 5])
   ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
   ax.set_extent([-179, 179, -60, 70])    #  设置地图边界
   ax.add_feature(cfeature.LAND, facecolor='#f2f2f2')  # 填充大陆
   ax.add_feature(cfeature.COASTLINE, edgecolor="white", linewidth=0.1) # 改变海岸线边缘
   
   # 绘制连线
   for startIndex, startRow in df.iterrows():
       for endIndex in range(startIndex, len(df.index)):
           endRow = df.iloc[endIndex]
           plt.plot([startRow.lon, endRow.lon], [startRow.lat, endRow.lat], color='#69b3a2', linewidth=0.5, transform=ccrs.Geodetic())
   
   # 添加城市名
   for i, row in df.iterrows():
       plt.text(row.lon, row.lat, row.city, verticalalignment='center', horizontalalignment='right', transform=ccrs.Geodetic())
       
   plt.show()
   

   

2. 基于pyecharts

   from pyecharts.charts import *
   from pyecharts import options as opts
   import requests
   import json
   
   geo = Geo(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(theme='dark', bg_color='#000000', width='1000px', height='600px'))
   
   # 导入数据
   url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/HsuHeinrich/data-collection/master/graph/flights.json"
   response = requests.get(url)
   data = json.loads(response.text)
   
   airports = data['airports']
   airlines = data['airlines']
   routes = data['routes']
   
   # 添加机场的坐标点
   for idx, item in enumerate(airports):
       geo.add_coordinate("airpots"+str(idx), item[3], item[4])
       
   
   geo.add_schema(maptype="world", is_roam=False, zoom=1.1,
                  itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(color="#000000", border_color="#1E90FF"),
                  emphasis_label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
                  emphasis_itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(color="#323c48"))
   
   # 创建一个新的列表，用于在循环中添加航线信息
   routes_info = []
   
   idx = routes[0][0]
   for item in routes:
       if item[0] == idx:
           routes_info.append(["airpots"+str(item[1]), "airpots"+str(item[2])])
       else:
           geo.add(airlines[idx][0],
                   routes_info[:2000],
                   type_='lines',
   #                 is_selected=True if airlines[idx][0]=='Air China' else False,
                   symbol_size=1,
                   is_large=True,
                   linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(curve=0.2, opacity=0.03, color='#1E90FF', width=0.2),
                   effect_opts=opts.EffectOpts(symbol='pin', period=5, symbol_size=[1, 3], trail_length=0.5, color="#E1FFFF"),
                   )
           routes_info = []
           idx = item[0]        
   
   geo.set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False))
   
   geo.set_global_opts(
       title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="航线图", pos_top='3%', pos_left='center'),
       tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=False),
       legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(is_show=True, pos_left='left', pos_top='50%', orient='vertical', selected_mode='single')
       )
   
   geo.render_notebook()
   

   

总结

以上利用cartopy结合matplotlib快速绘制变形地图，也可通过pyecharts绘制漂亮的航班线。

共勉～