java上传下载文件

于 2022-01-10 17:07:43 发布
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分类专栏： Java 文章标签： java 开发语言 后端
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_38770022/article/details/122414709
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项目结构

pom.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>my_study</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.mystudy</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>file-upload-download</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>
web.xml


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>UploadHandleServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.kuang.servlet.UploadHandleServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>UploadHandleServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/UploadHandleServlet</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ForwardServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.kuang.servlet.ForwardServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ForwardServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/forward</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
UploadHandleServlet类
package com.kuang.servlet;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * @ClassName: UploadHandleServlet
 * @Description: TODO(这里用一句话描述这个类的作用)
 * @author: 孤傲苍狼
 * @date: 2015-1-3 下午11:35:50
 */
public class UploadHandleServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
     * response)
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        // response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
        // 判断上传的文件普通表单还是带文件的表单
        if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)) {
            return;//终止方法运行,说明这是一个普通的表单,直接返回
        }
        //创建上传文件的保存路径,建议在WEB-INF路径下,安全,用户无法直接访间上传的文件;
        String uploadPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        File uploadFile = new File(uploadPath);
        if (!uploadFile.exists()) {
            uploadFile.mkdir(); //创建这个月录
        }
        // 创建上传文件的保存路径，建议在WEB-INF路径下，安全，用户无法直接访问上传的文件
        String tmpPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/tmp");
        File file = new File(tmpPath);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            file.mkdir();//创建临时目录
        }
        // 处理上传的文件,一般都需要通过流来获取,我们可以使用 request, getInputstream(),原生态的文件上传流获取,十分麻烦
        // 但是我们都建议使用 Apache的文件上传组件来实现, common-fileupload,它需要旅 commons-io组件;
        try {
            // 创建DiskFileItemFactory对象，处理文件路径或者大小限制
            DiskFileItemFactory factory = getDiskFileItemFactory(file);
            /*
             * //通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区,当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候,将他放到临时文件 factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 *
             * 1024); //缓存区大小为1M factory.setRepository (file);//临时目录的保存目录,需要一个File
             */
            // 2、获取ServletFileUpload
            ServletFileUpload upload = getServletFileUpload(factory);
            // 3、处理上传文件
            // 把前端请求解析，封装成FileItem对象，需要从ServletFileUpload对象中获取
            String msg = uploadParseRequest(upload, request, uploadPath);
            // Servlet请求转发消息
            System.out.println(msg);
            if (msg == "文件上传成功!") {
                // Servlet请求转发消息
                request.setAttribute("msg", msg);
                request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/message.jsp").forward(request, response);
            } else {
                msg = "请上传文件";
                request.setAttribute("msg", msg);
                request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/message.jsp").forward(request, response);
            }
        } catch (FileUploadException e) {
            // TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static DiskFileItemFactory getDiskFileItemFactory(File file) {
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        // 通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区,当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候,将他放到临时文件中;
        factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 1024);// 缓冲区大小为1M
        factory.setRepository(file);// 临时目录的保存目录,需要一个file
        return factory;
    }

    public static ServletFileUpload getServletFileUpload(DiskFileItemFactory factory) {
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
        // 监听长传进度
        upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
            // pBYtesRead:已读取到的文件大小
            // pContextLength:文件大小
            public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
                System.out.println("总大小：" + pContentLength + "已上传：" + pBytesRead);
            }
        });
        // 处理乱码问题
        upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
        // 设置单个文件的最大值
        upload.setFileSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 10);
        // 设置总共能够上传文件的大小
        // 1024 = 1kb * 1024 = 1M * 10 = 10м
        return upload;
    }

    public static String uploadParseRequest(ServletFileUpload upload, HttpServletRequest request, String uploadPath)
            throws FileUploadException, IOException {
        String msg = "";
        // 把前端请求解析，封装成FileItem对象
        List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(request);
        for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
            if (fileItem.isFormField()) {// 判断上传的文件是普通的表单还是带文件的表单
                // getFieldName指的是前端表单控件的name;
                String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
                String value = fileItem.getString("UTF-8"); // 处理乱码
                System.out.println(name + ": " + value);
            } else {// 判断它是上传的文件
                // ============处理文件==============
                // 拿到文件名
                String uploadFileName = fileItem.getName();
                System.out.println("上传的文件名: " + uploadFileName);
                if (uploadFileName.trim().equals("") || uploadFileName == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                // 获得上传的文件名/images/girl/paojie.png
                String fileName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
                // 获得文件的后缀名
                String fileExtName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
                /*
                 * 如果文件后缀名fileExtName不是我们所需要的 就直按return.不处理,告诉用户文件类型不对。
                 */
                System.out.println("文件信息[件名: " + fileName + " ---文件类型" + fileExtName + "]");
                // 可以使用UID（唯一识别的通用码),保证文件名唯
                // 0UID. randomUUID(),随机生一个唯一识别的通用码;
                String uuidPath = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
                // ================处理文件完毕==============
                // 存到哪? uploadPath
                // 文件真实存在的路径realPath
                String realPath = uploadPath + "/" + uuidPath;
                // 给每个文件创建一个对应的文件夹
                File realPathFile = new File(realPath);
                if (!realPathFile.exists()) {
                    realPathFile.mkdir();
                }
                // ==============存放地址完毕==============}
                // 获得文件上传的流
                InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
                // 创建一个文件输出流
                // realPath =真实的文件夹;
                // 差了一个文件;加上翰出文件的名产"/"+uuidFileName
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + fileName);
                // 创建一个缓冲区
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
                // 判断是否读取完毕
                int len = 0;
                // 如果大于0说明还存在数据;
                while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                    fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }
                // 关闭流
                fos.close();
                inputStream.close();
                msg = "文件上传成功!";
                fileItem.delete(); // 上传成功,清除临时文件
                //=============文件传输完成=============
            }
        }

        return msg;
    }
}

ForwardServlet转发类 

package com.kuang.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ForwardServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/upload.jsp").forward(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

 index.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: chengxu
  Date: 2022/1/10
  Time: 下午3:50
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <form method="get" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/forward">
      <input type="submit" value="上传文件页面">
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

upload.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: chengxu
  Date: 2022/1/10
  Time: 下午3:51
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>上传文件</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/UploadHandleServlet" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        上传用户：<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
        上传文件1：<input type="file" name="file1"/><br/>
        上传文件2：<input type="file" name="file2"/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交"> ｜ <input type="reset" value="重置">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

message.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: chengxu
  Date: 2022/1/10
  Time: 下午3:57
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>
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