CentOS7-安装Python3

转载至：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/rossisy/article/details/77857313

yum install gcc

yum install zlib-devel

yum install make

yum install openssl-devel

yum install bzip2-devel

yum install ncurses-devel

yum install sqlite-devel

yum install readline-devel

yum install tk-devel

一、安装Python

1. 创建安装文件夹

[rossi@localhost ~]$ mkdir /usr/local/python3

2. 下载python3安装源文件

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz

3. 解压安装文件

[root@localhost ~]# tar -xzvf Python-3.6.5.tgz

4. 配置安装

[root@localhost ~]# cd Python-3.6.5/
[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-shared --with-ssl

5. make

[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# make

make的时候报了一些warning，但不影响最后的安装

6. make install

[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# make install

7. 清除编译的可执行文件及配置文件

[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# make clean

8. 清除所有生成的文件

[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# make distclean

二、系统安装

1. 新建python3的软连接

[root@localhost Python-3.6.5]# cd /usr/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ls -ltr python*
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7136 Nov 19  2015 python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    9 Sep  4 11:25 python2 -> python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    7 Sep  4 11:25 python -> python2
[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3
[root@localhost bin]# ls -ltr python*
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 7136 Nov 19  2015 python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    9 Sep  4 11:25 python2 -> python2.7
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    7 Sep  4 11:25 python -> python2
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root   32 Sep  5 11:24 python3 -> /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6
[root@localhost bin]#

2. 解决安装时设置enable-shared造成的报错

[root@localhost bin]# python3
python3: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.6m.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@localhost bin]# cd /etc/ld.so.conf.d/
[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# dir
dyninst-x86_64.conf  kernel-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64.conf	mariadb-x86_64.conf
[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# vim python3.conf
[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# ldconfig
[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# python3
Python 3.6.5 (default, Sep  5 2017, 10:47:56)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

python3.conf文件键入以下内容

/usr/local/python3/lib

3. 新建pip3软连接

[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
[root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ls -lta pip*
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 27 Sep  5 12:09 pip3 -> /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3
[root@localhost bin]#