Format characters have the following meaning; the conversion between C and Python values should be obvious given their types. The ‘Standard size’ column refers to the size of the packed value in bytes when using standard size; that is, when the format string starts with one of '<', '>', '!' or '='. When using native size, the size of the packed value is platform-dependent.
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http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/myhaspl/
Format | C Type | Python type | Standard size | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
x | pad byte | no value | ||
c | char | string of length 1 | 1 | |
b | signed char | integer | 1 | (3) |
B | unsigned char | integer | 1 | (3) |
? | _Bool | bool | 1 | (1) |
h | short | integer | 2 | (3) |
H | unsigned short | integer | 2 | (3) |
i | int | integer | 4 | (3) |
I | unsigned int | integer | 4 | (3) |
l | long | integer | 4 | (3) |
L | unsigned long | integer | 4 | (3) |
q | long long | integer | 8 | (2), (3) |
Q | unsigned long long | integer | 8 | (2), (3) |
f | float | float | 4 | (4) |
d | double | float | 8 | (4) |
s | char[] | string | ||
p | char[] | string | ||
P | void * | integer | (5), (3) |
Return a string containing the values v1, v2, ... packed according to the given format. The arguments must match the values required by the format exactly.
truct. unpack ( fmt, string )Unpack the string (presumably packed by pack(fmt, ...)) according to the given format. The result is a tuple even if it contains exactly one item. The string must contain exactly the amount of data required by the format (len(string) must equal calcsize(fmt)).
读文本文件并压缩以及解 压 ,部分代码例如以下:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#lempel-ziv算法
#code:myhaspl@myhaspl.com
import struct
mystr=""
print "\n读取源文件".decode("utf8")
mytextfile= open('test2.txt','r')
try:
mystr=mytextfile.read( )
finally:
mytextfile.close()
my_str=mystr
#码表
codeword_dictionary={}
#待压缩文本长度
str_len=len(my_str)
#码字最大长度
dict_maxlen=1
#将解析文本段的位置(下一次解析文本的起点)
now_index=0
#码表的最大索引
max_index=0
#压缩后数据
print "\n生成压缩数据中".decode("utf8")
compresseddata=[]
while (now_index<str_len):
#向后移动步长
mystep=0
#当前匹配长度
now_len=dict_maxlen
if now_len>str_len-now_index:
now_len=str_len-now_index
#查找到的码表索引。0表示没有找到
cw_addr=0
while (now_len>0):
cw_index=codeword_dictionary.get(my_str[now_index:now_index+now_len])
if cw_index!=None:
#找到码字
cw_addr=cw_index
mystep=now_len
break
now_len-=1
if cw_addr==0:
#没有找到码字,添加新的码字
max_index+=1
mystep=1
codeword_dictionary[my_str[now_index:now_index+mystep]]=max_index
print "don't find the Code word,add Code word:%s index:%d"%(my_str[now_index:now_index+mystep],max_index)
else:
#找到码字,添加新的码字
max_index+=1
if now_index+mystep+1<=str_len:
codeword_dictionary[my_str[now_index:now_index+mystep+1]]=max_index
if mystep+1>dict_maxlen:
dict_maxlen=mystep+1
print "find the Code word:%s add Code word:%s index:%d"%(my_str[now_index:now_index+now_len],my_str[now_index:now_index+mystep+1],max_index)
.......
......
my_codeword_dictionary[my_maxindex]=my_codeword_dictionary[cwkey]+cwlaster
uncompressdata.append(my_codeword_dictionary[cwkey])
uncompressdata.append(cwlaster)
print ".",
uncompress_str=uncompress_str.join(uncompressdata)
uncompressstr=uncompress_str
print "\n将解压结果写入文件里..\n".decode("utf8")
uncompress_file= open('uncompress.txt','w')
try:
uncompress_file.write(uncompressstr)
print "\n解压成功,已解压到uncompress.txt!
\n".decode("utf8") finally: uncompress_file.close()
以下对中文维基中对python的解释文本进行压缩:
调用该程序先压缩形成压缩文件,然后打开压缩文件解压
$ pypy lempel-ziv-compress.py python.txt python.lzv
………………..
find the Code word: C add Code word: CP index:9938
index:9939de word:ython add Code word:ython
find the Code word:
^ add Code word:
^ h index:9940
find the Code word:ttp add Code word:ttp: index:9941
find the Code word:// add Code word://e index:9942
find the Code word:dit add Code word:ditr index:9943
find the Code word:a. add Code word:a.o index:9944
生成压缩数据头部
将压缩数据写入压缩文件里
…………….
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
将解压结果写入文件里..
解压成功,已解压到uncompress.txt!
查看压缩效果:
$ ls -l -h
…………….
-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 5.0K Jul 1 20:55 lempel-ziv-compress.py
-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 30K Jul 1 20:55 python.lzv
-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 36K Jul 1 20:57 python.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 36K Jul 1 20:55 uncompress.txt从上面显示结果能够看到,没压缩前为36K,压缩后为30k
压缩sqlite 3.8.5的所有源代码
$ pypy lempel-ziv-compress.py sqlitesrc.txtsqlitesrc.lzv
查看压缩效果:
$ ls -l -h
…………….
-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 3.2M Jul 1 21:18 sqlitesrc.lzv
-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 5.2M Jul 1 21:16 sqlitesrc.txt
-rw-rw-r-- 1 deep deep 5.2M Jul 1 21:18 uncompress.txt
没压缩前为5.2M,压缩后为3.2M