一 查看有哪些参数

  RMAN> show all;

RMAN configuration parameters are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f'; # default

RMAN>
 

二 自动化通道channel配置

  RMAN> backup datafile 8;

Starting backup at 06-NOV-11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2011_11_0

[oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup
[oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ ls
backuplog  backupscript  backupset


RMAN> CONFIGURE channel device type disk format '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%U.bak';

new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%U.bak';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
released channel: ORA_DISK_1


RMAN> backup datafile 8;

Starting backup at 06-NOV-11
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=140 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_usr_bak.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 06-NOV-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 06-NOV-11
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_14mqvbfm_1_1.bak tag=TAG20111106T092054 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 06-NOV-11


CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak';



RMAN> backup datafile 8 format '/home/oracle/df-8.bak'; 具有优先级

   

三 保留策略配置

  RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
RMAN> list backupset of datafile 8;
RMAN> list backupset of datafile 8 summary;


List of Backups
===============
Key     TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag
------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- ---
36      B  F  A DISK        06-NOV-11       1       1       NO         TAG20111106T092054
38      B  F  A DISK        06-NOV-11       1       1       NO         TAG20111106T092355

RMAN>
 

四  备份的多位置copy

  RMAN> CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 2;

RMAN> backup datafile 8;

Starting backup at 06-NOV-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_usr_bak.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 06-NOV-11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 06-NOV-11 with 2 copies and tag TAG20111106T094028
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_20111106_54_1_1mmqvckc_1_1.bak comment=NONE
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_20111106_54_1_1mmqvckc_1_2.bak comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02


RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak','/home/oracle/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak';

RMAN> backup datafile 8;
 

五  备份类型

备份集backupset         ：只备份使用过的数据块 支持压缩  默认类型 

镜像拷贝p_w_picpath copy   ：完全一致拷贝  恢复速度快  支持增量合并

     RMAN> backup datafile 8;
RMAN> backup as backupset datafile 8;


RMAN> backup as copy datafile 8;
[oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ ls -al /u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_20111106_62_1_data_D-ORCL_I-1293056415_TS-TBS_USR_BAK_FNO-8_1umqvd2i.bak
-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Nov  6 09:48 /u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_20111106_62_1_data_D-ORCL_I-1293056415_TS-TBS_USR_BAK_FNO-8_1umqvd2i.bak
[oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$
[oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$
[oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ ls -al /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_usr_bak.dbf
-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Nov  6 09:48 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_usr_bak.dbf
[oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$
 

六 备份集输出大小

  备份片 backup piece
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak',   '/home/oracle/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak' maxpiecesize 20m;
 

七  排除某些表空间

只读表空间 不需要恢复的表空间 可以选择跳过

 

  RMAN> CONFIGURE exclude for tablespace "USERS";
RMAN> CONFIGURE exclude for tablespace "UPLOOKING";
RMAN> backup database; 

Starting backup at 06-NOV-11
using channel ORA_DISK_1
file 4 is excluded from whole database backup
file 5 is excluded from whole database backup
 

八  控制文件的自动备份

  CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'

恢复： restore controlfile from AUTOBACKUP;

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/%F.ctl';

恢复： restore controlfile from ’ /u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/xxxxxxxx.ctl’;

 

九  并行PARALLELISM

  RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2;
RMAN> backup datafile 2,6,8;  单独一个文件并行度不起作用