python用哪种字体比较好_matplotlib需要哪种latex字体？如何使其可用？

下面运行this小示例的错误跟踪表明它找不到cmr12字体。我在我的系统(Ubuntu 16.10)中发现了以下文件：./fonts/truetype/lyx/cmr12.ttf

./texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/source/public/cm/cmr12.mf

./texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/tfm/public/cm/cmr12.tfm

./texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/pk/ljfour/public/cm/dpi600/cmr12.pk

./texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr12.pfb

./texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr12.pfm

./texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/afm/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr12.afm

那么，matplotlib需要哪种字体以及如何使其可用？另外，为什么matplotlib要查找的字体文件没有扩展名？在

以下是线索：

^{pr2}$

更新以下是安装cm-super，清空缓存并使用--verbose-debug运行后的输出，如Gerard Rozsavolgyi的评论所示：$HOME=/home/meir

matplotlib data path /usr/share/matplotlib/mpl-data

*****************************************************************

You have the following UNSUPPORTED LaTeX preamble customizations:

Please do not ask for support with these customizations active.

*****************************************************************

loaded rc file /etc/matplotlibrc

matplotlib version 1.5.1

verbose.level debug

interactive is False

platform is linux2

loaded modules:

CACHEDIR=/home/meir/.cache/matplotlib

Using fontManager instance from /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/fontList.cache

backend TkAgg version 8.6

findfont: Matching :family=sans-serif:style=normal:variant=normal:weight=400:stretch=normal:size=medium to Bitstream Vera Sans (u'/usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-bitstream-vera/Vera.ttf') with score of 0.000000

Assigning font /F1 = u'/usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-bitstream-vera/Vera.ttf'

findfont: Matching :family=sans-serif:style=normal:variant=normal:weight=400:stretch=normal:size=large to Bitstream Vera Sans (u'/usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-bitstream-vera/Vera.ttf') with score of 0.000000

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/1d97300a39adbdb822e515e35e631e34.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

find_tex_file(phvr7t.tfm): [u'kpsewhich', u'phvr7t.tfm']

find_tex_file result: /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/tfm/adobe/helvetic/phvr7t.tfm

opening tfm file /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/tfm/adobe/helvetic/phvr7t.tfm

lh=18, bc=0, ec=170, nw=17, nh=16, nd=16

find_tex_file(phvr7t.vf): [u'kpsewhich', u'phvr7t.vf']

find_tex_file result: /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/vf/adobe/helvetic/phvr7t.vf

Dvi: /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/vf/adobe/helvetic/phvr7t.vf

find_tex_file(phvr8r.tfm): [u'kpsewhich', u'phvr8r.tfm']

find_tex_file result: /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/tfm/adobe/helvetic/phvr8r.tfm

opening tfm file /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/tfm/adobe/helvetic/phvr8r.tfm

lh=18, bc=1, ec=255, nw=30, nh=16, nd=16

find_tex_file(phvr8r.vf): [u'kpsewhich', u'phvr8r.vf']

find_tex_file result:

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Gamma'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Delta'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Theta'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Lambda'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Xi'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Pi'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Sigma'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Upsilon'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Phi'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Psi'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `Omega'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `dotlessj'

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: Warning: missing glyph `lslashslash'

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/d0e4b65f3cbceaa40d39cd0b4aa94322.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

find_tex_file(cmr12.tfm): [u'kpsewhich', u'cmr12.tfm']

find_tex_file result: ./cmr12.tfm

opening tfm file ./cmr12.tfm

lh=18, bc=0, ec=127, nw=34, nh=16, nd=10

find_tex_file(cmr12.vf): [u'kpsewhich', u'cmr12.vf']

find_tex_file result:

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/1d97300a39adbdb822e515e35e631e34.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/04a76deccffda905e8691101fef1fc76.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/1d97300a39adbdb822e515e35e631e34.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/bbd64720c31d6f90a40311f23be42459.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/1d97300a39adbdb822e515e35e631e34.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/fe6359652f3a3d1ffea98277430a2e0d.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/1d97300a39adbdb822e515e35e631e34.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/4f1d4aac6b5a9606c9b7534411317104.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/1d97300a39adbdb822e515e35e631e34.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/75f66faa7396d6de47d7fef88d0cdf18.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Dvi: /home/meir/.cache/matplotlib/tex.cache/d0e4b65f3cbceaa40d39cd0b4aa94322.dvi

Dvi._xxx: encountered special: papersize=5203.43999pt,5203.43999pt

Assigning font /F2 = 'cmr12'

find_tex_file(pdftex.map): [u'kpsewhich', u'pdftex.map']

find_tex_file result: /var/lib/texmf/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map

Embedding font /usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-bitstream-vera/Vera.ttf

Writing TrueType font

Embedding font cmr12

Writing TrueType font

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "temp.py", line 49, in

d['ModDate'] = datetime.datetime.today()

File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py", line 2435, in __exit__

self.close()

File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py", line 2442, in close

self._file.close()

File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py", line 547, in close

self.writeFonts()

File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_pdf.py", line 647, in writeFonts

realpath, stat_key = get_realpath_and_stat(filename)

File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/cbook.py", line 1038, in __call__

stat = os.stat(realpath)

OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/home/meir/Dropbox/temp/cmr12'