本文详细介绍了ProFTPD服务器的安装过程与配置方法，包括使用MySQL和OpenLDAP进行用户认证的具体步骤。通过图文并茂的方式，帮助读者快速掌握ProFTPD的部署与管理。
准备工作
下载ProFTPD : ftp://ftp.proftpd.org/distrib/source/proftpd-1.2.7.tar.gz
下载 mod_sql : http://www.lastditcheffort.org/~aah/proftpd/mod_sql/
下载mod_ldap-2.8.10 : http://www.horde.net/~jwm/software/mod_ldap/
tar xvzf proftpd-version.tar.gz cd proftpd-version ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/proftpd --with-modules=mod_sql:mod_sql_mysql make make install
安装成功后，测试ProFTPD，启动ProFTPD
/usr/local/proftpd/sbin/in.proftpd
如果没有显示任何信息，ProFTPD启动成功。使用系统用户登录Ftp Server
[root@linux sbin]# ftp localhost
Connected to localhost (127.0.0.1).
220 ProFTPD 1.2.7 Server (ProFTPD Default Installation) [linux.xuser.net]
Name (localhost:root):usera
331 Password required for usera.
Password:
230 User usera logged in.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp>
ProFTPD测试成功，关闭ProFTPD
killall in.proftpd
编辑proftpd.conf文件
vi /usr/local/proftpd/etc/proftpd.conf
添加下面几行参数
<Global>
SQLConnectInfo ftpusers@localhost:3306 root chen
SQLAuthTypes Plaintext
SQLUserInfo users userid passwd uid gid homedir NULL
RequireValidShell off
SQLAuthenticate users groups usersetfast groupsetfast
</Global>
格式说明：
SQLConnectInfo 数据库@主机名:端口 用户 密码
SQLAuthTypes 密码类型（Plaintext明文密码，Crypt DES密码，Backend MySQL password()函数产生的密码）
SQLUserInfo [用户表] [用户名字段] [密码字段] [用户ID] [组ID] [用户目录] NULL
创建ftpusers.sql文件
[mysql@linux mysql]$ vi ftpusers.sql
-- MySQL dump 8.22
--
-- Host: localhost Database: proftpd
---------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version 3.23.52-max
--
-- Table structure for table 'groups'
--
CREATE TABLE groups (
groupname varchar(255) binary NOT NULL default '',
gid int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
members text NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (groupname)
) TYPE=MyISAM;
--
-- Dumping data for table 'groups'
--
INSERT INTO groups VALUES ('nogroup',502,'FTP Group');
--
-- Table structure for table 'users'
--
CREATE TABLE users (
userid varchar(255) binary NOT NULL default '',
passwd varchar(255) binary NOT NULL default '',
uid int(11) default NULL,
gid int(11) default NULL,
homedir varchar(255) default NULL,
shell varchar(255) default NULL,
count int(11) default NULL,
used double(10,1) default '0.0',
quota double(10,1) default '10000000.0',
PRIMARY KEY (userid)
) TYPE=MyISAM;
--
-- Dumping data for table 'users'
--
INSERT INTO users VALUES ('chen','chen',500,500,'/home/samba','/bin/sh',0,0.0,10000000.0);
INSERT INTO users VALUES ('user2','123456',500,500,'/home/samba','/bin/bash',1,0.0,10000000.0);
INSERT INTO users VALUES ('user1','123456',NULL,NULL,'/u01',NULL,1,0.0,10000000.0);
创建数据库与表
[mysql@linux mysql]$ echo "create database ftpusers" | mysql -uroot -pchen
[mysql@linux mysql]$ mysql -uroot -pchen ftpusers < ftpusers.sql
[mysql@linux mysql]$
再次启动ProFTPD
/usr/local/proftpd/sbin/in.proftpd
这次使用MySQL用户登录Ftp Server
显示230 User xxxxx logged in. ＭySQL认证成功
tar xvzf proftpd-version.tar.gz
cd proftpd-version
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/proftpd --with-modules=mod_ldap
make
make install
# tar zxvf mod_ldap-2.8.10.tar.gz
将mod_ldap-2.8.10目录下的posixAccount-objectclass和posixGroup-objectclass
复制到OpenLDAP 的schema目录下：
# cp mod_ldap-2.8.10/posix* /etc/openldap/schema/
# vi /etc/openldap/slapd.conf
修改OpenLDAP的配置文件slapd.conf，将这两个文件包含到该文件中：
include /etc/openldap/schema/posixAccount-objectclass
include /etc/openldap/schema/posixGroup-objectclass
重新启动OpenLDAP：
# service ldap restart
Stopping slapd: [ OK ]
Starting slapd: [ OK ]
编辑proftpd.conf文件
vi /usr/local/proftpd/etc/proftpd.conf
添加下面几行参数
<Global>
LDAPServer localhost
LDAPDNInfo cn=your-dn,dc=horde,dc=net dnpass
LDAPDoAuth on "dc=users,dc=horde,dc=net"
</Global>
格式说明：
LDAPServer OpenLDAP服务器
LDAPDNInfo cn=你的-dn,dc=区域名,dc=区域名 dn密码
LDAPDoAuth on "dc=区域名,dc=区域名"
例子：
<Global>
LDAPServer localhost
LDAPDNInfo cn=manager,dc=xuser,dc=net secret
LDAPDoAuth on dc=xuser,dc=net
</Global>
根据自己需要修改mod_ldap-2.8.10目录中的group-ldif和user-ldif文件，并将条目添加到OpenLDAP中：
# ldapadd -x -D "cn=manager,dc=xuser,dc=net" -w secret -f group-ldif
# ldapadd -x -D "cn=manager,dc=xuser,dc=net" -w secret -f user-ldif
显示：adding new entry "cn=mygroup, dc=xuser, dc=net" 添加成功
使用ldapsearch查看记录
# ldapsearch -x -b "dc=xuser,dc=net"
启动ProFTPD：
/usr/local/proftpd/sbin/in.proftpd
使用OpenLDAP用户登录Ftp Server
显示230 User xxxxx logged in. OpenLDAP认证成功
例：
[root@linux mod_ldap-2.8.10]# cat group-ldif
dn: cn=mygroup, dc=xuser, dc=net
objectclass: posixGroup
cn: mygroup
gidNumber: 100
memberUid: user1
memberUid: user2
memberUid: user3
memberUid: user4
memberUid: ftpusersb
memberUid: usera
memberUid: jwm
memberUid: 100
[root@linux mod_ldap-2.8.10]# cat user-ldif
dn: uid=jwm, dc=xuser, dc=net
objectclass: posixAccount
cn: John Morrissey
uid: jwm
uidNumber: 2000
gidNumber: 100
homeDirectory: /home/chen
userPassword: {crypt}*
loginShell: /bin/bash
dn: uid=chen, dc=xuser, dc=net
objectclass: posixAccount
cn: chen
uid: chen
uidNumber: 2000
gidNumber: 100
homeDirectory: /home/chen
userPassword: {crypt}sa7XjjlytXZZ2
loginShell: /bin/bash
dn: cn=ftpuser1, dc=xuser, dc=net
objectclass: posixAccount
cn: ftpuser1
uid: ftpuser1
uidNumber: 2000
gidNumber: 100
homeDirectory: /home/chen
userPassword: {crypt}sa7XjjlytXZZ2
loginShell: /bin/bash
dn: uid=usera, dc=xuser, dc=net
objectclass: posixAccount
cn: usera
uid: usera
uidNumber: 2000
gidNumber: 100
homeDirectory: /tmp
userPassword:{crypt}sa7XjjlytXZZ2
loginShell: /bin/bash
dn: uid=ftpuserb, dc=xuser, dc=net
objectclass: posixAccount
cn: ftpuserb
uid: ftpuserb
uidNumber: 2000
gidNumber: 100
homeDirectory: /tmp
userPassword:{crypt}O2BooHEK9JI06
loginShell: /bin/bash
上面的用户密码是用crypt方式加密的密码，密码产生请看
使用PHP产生：
# cat des.php
<html>
<p>DES 密碼產生器</p>
<form method=post action=des.php>
<p>password:<input name=passwd type=text size=20></p>
<input type=submit value=submit>
</form>
<?
$enpw=crypt($passwd);
echo "password is: $enpw";
?>
使用perl产生：
perl -e 'print("userPassword: ".crypt("secret","salt")."\n");'
产生的DES密码，同样也可以用于OpenLDAP的管理员密码
# vi /etc/openldap/slapd.conf
rootpw {crypt}ijFYNcSNctBYg
四、 标准的配置文件
MySQL认证配置实例
[root@linux root]# cat /usr/local/proftpd/etc/proftpd.conf
ServerName "ProFTPD Default Installation"
ServerType standalone
DefaultServer on
# Port 21 is the standard FTP port.
Port 21
# Umask 022 is a good standard umask to prevent new dirs and files
# from being group and world writable.
Umask 022
# We put our mod_sql directives in a <Global> block so they'll be
# inherited by the <Anonymous> block below, and any other <VirtualHost>
# blocks we may want to add. For a simple server these don't need to
# be in a <Global> block but it won't hurt anything.
<Global>
SQLConnectInfo ftpusers@localhost:3306 root chen
SQLAuthTypes Plaintext
SQLUserInfo users userid passwd uid gid homedir NULL
RequireValidShell off
SQLAuthenticate users groups usersetfast groupsetfast
</Global>
# To prevent DoS attacks, set the maximum number of child processes
# to 30. If you need to allow more than 30 concurrent connections
# at once, simply increase this value. Note that this ONLY works
# in standalone mode, in inetd mode you should use an inetd server
# that allows you to limit maximum number of processes per service
# (such as xinetd)
MaxInstances 30
# Set the normal user and group permissions for the server.
User nobody
Group nogroup
# Normally, we want files to be overwriteable.
<Directory /*>
AllowOverwrite on
</Directory>
# A basic anonymous configuration, no upload directories. If you
# don't want to support anonymous access, simply remove this
# <Anonymous ..> ... </Anonymous> block.
<Anonymous ~ftp>
User ftp
Group ftp
# We want clients to be able to login with "anonymous" as well as "ftp"
UserAlias anonymous ftp
# Limit the maximum number of anonymous logins
MaxClients 10
# We want 'welcome.msg' displayed at login, and '.message' displayed
# in each newly chdired directory.
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayFirstChdir .message
# Limit WRITE everywhere in the anonymous chroot
<Limit WRITE>
DenyAll
</Limit>
</Anonymous>
OpenLDAP认证配置实例
[root@linux root]# cat /usr/local/proftpd/etc/proftpd.conf
# This is a basic ProFTPD configuration file (rename it to
# 'proftpd.conf' for actual use. It establishes a single server
# and a single anonymous login. It assumes that you have a user/group
# "nobody" and "ftp" for normal operation and anon.
ServerName "ProFTPD Default Installation"
ServerType standalone
DefaultServer on
# Port 21 is the standard FTP port.
Port 21
# Umask 022 is a good standard umask to prevent new dirs and files
# from being group and world writable.
Umask 022
<Global>
LDAPDoAuth on dc=xuser,dc=net
LDAPServer localhost
LDAPDNInfo cn=manager,dc=xuser,dc=net secret
</Global>
# To prevent DoS attacks, set the maximum number of child processes
# to 30. If you need to allow more than 30 concurrent connections
# at once, simply increase this value. Note that this ONLY works
# in standalone mode, in inetd mode you should use an inetd server
# that allows you to limit maximum number of processes per service
# (such as xinetd).
MaxInstances 30
# Set the user and group under which the server will run.
User nobody
Group nogroup
# Normally, we want files to be overwriteable.
<Directory />
AllowOverwrite on
</Directory>
# A basic anonymous configuration, no upload directories.
<Anonymous ~ftp>
User ftp
Group ftp
# We want clients to be able to login with "anonymous" as well as "ftp"
UserAlias anonymous ftp
# Limit the maximum number of anonymous logins
MaxClients 10
# We want 'welcome.msg' displayed at login, and '.message' displayed
# in each newly chdired directory.
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayFirstChdir .message
# Limit WRITE everywhere in the anonymous chroot
<Limit WRITE>
DenyAll
</Limit>
</Anonymous>
# Include /usr/local/etc/mod_ldap.conf
OpenLDAP 配置文件
[root@linux root]# cat /etc/openldap/slapd.conf
# $OpenLDAP: pkg/ldap/servers/slapd/slapd.conf,v 1.8.8.6 2001/04/20 23:32:43 kurt Exp $
#
# See slapd.conf(5) for details on configuration options.
# This file should NOT be world readable.
#
include /etc/openldap/schema/core.schema
include /etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema
include /etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema
include /etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema
include /etc/openldap/schema/redhat/rfc822-MailMember.schema
include /etc/openldap/schema/redhat/autofs.schema
include /etc/openldap/schema/redhat/kerberosobject.schema
include /etc/openldap/schema/chen
include /etc/openldap/schema/posixAccount-objectclass
include /etc/openldap/schema/posixGroup-objectclass
#include /etc/openldap/schema/qmail_schema
#include /etc/openldap/slapd.info.oc.conf
#include /etc/openldap/slapd.account.oc.conf
# Define global ACLs to disable default read access.
# Do not enable referrals until AFTER you have a working directory
# service AND an understanding of referrals.
#referral ldap://root.openldap.org
#pidfile //var/run/slapd.pid
#argsfile //var/run/slapd.args
# Create a replication log in /var/lib/ldap for use by slurpd.
#replogfile /var/lib/ldap/master-slapd.replog
# Load dynamic backend modules:
# modulepath /usr/sbin/openldap
# moduleload back_ldap.la
# moduleload back_ldbm.la
# moduleload back_passwd.la
# moduleload back_shell.la
# The next two lines allow use of TLS for connections using a dummy test
# certificate, but you should generate a proper certificate by changing to
# /usr/share/ssl/certs, running "make slapd.pem", and fixing permissions on
# slapd.pem so that the ldap user or group can read it.
#TLSCertificateFile /usr/share/ssl/certs/slapd.pem
#TLSCertificateKeyFile /usr/share/ssl/certs/slapd.pem
#######################################################################
# ldbm database definitions
#######################################################################
database ldbm
suffix "dc=xuser,dc=net"
rootdn "cn=Manager,dc=xuser,dc=net"
#rootdn "cn=Manager,dc=my-domain,dc=com"
#rootdn "cn=Manager,o=My Organization Name,c=US"
# Cleartext passwords, especially for the rootdn, should
# be avoided. See slappasswd(8) and slapd.conf(5) for details.
# Use of strong authentication encouraged.
rootpw secret
# rootpw secret
# rootpw {crypt}ijFYNcSNctBYg
# The database directory MUST exist prior to running slapd AND
# should only be accessible by the slapd/tools. Mode 700 recommended.
directory /var/lib/ldap
# Indices to maintain
index objectClass,uid,uidNumber,gidNumber,memberUid eq
index cn,mail,surname,givenname eq,subinitial
# Replicas to which we should propagate changes
#replica ldap-1.example.com:389 tls=yes
# bindmethod=sasl saslmech=GSSAPI
# authcId=host/ldap-master.example.com@EXAMPLE.COM
五、 FAQ
Q：在本地ftp localhost输入用户名、密码回车后。等很久才进入FTP Server
A：ftp 127.0.0.1
Q：在远程服务器上ftp ip输入用户名、密码回车后。等很久才进入FTP Server
A：LDAPServer localhost 改为 LDAPServer 127.0.0.1
Q：[root@linux mod_ldap-2.8.10]# ftp 127.0.0.1
Connected to 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1).
500 FTP server shut down (going down at Tue Dec 17 19:00:00 2002) -- please try again later.
ftp>
A：rm –rf /etc/shutmsg
Q：登录Ftp Server 提示
530 Login incorrect.
Login failed.
我确认输入的用户、密码决对正确
A：在登录ProFTPD时加参数proftpd –d5 –n会输出调试信息。你可以在其中
找到答案。如果在调试信息中找到这一行no such user 'xxxx'
可能是与MySQL/OpenLDAP连接有问题。
Q：我在网上看见很多介绍如何安装ProFTPD文章,阅读大量的How to，按How to一步一步做，从来没有安装成功过。
A：网上很多文章，比较老，很多定义现以不在使用如：
SQLConnectInfo laftp@localhost 用户名 口令
SQLAuthTypes Plaintext Backend
SQLAuthoritative ON
SQLDefaultGID 1001
SQLDefaultUID 1001
SQLDoAuth ON
SQLDoGroupAuth ON
SQLGidField gid
SQLGroupGIDField gid
SQLGroupMembersField members
SQLGroupTable ftpgroup
SQLGroupnameField groupname
SQLHomedirField homedir
SQLMinUserUID 400
SQLMinUserGID 400
SQLPasswordField passwd
SQLUidField uid
SQLUserTable ftpuser
SQLUsernameField userid
SQLLoginCountField count
########################################################
LDAPServer "localhost"
LDAPPrefix "dc=horde,dc=net"
LDAPDN "cn=thedn,dc=horde,dc=net"
LDAPDNPass "ldap_dnpass"
LDAPNegativeCache on
原文出处：Netkiller 系列 手札
本文作者：陈景峯
转载请与作者联系，同时请务必标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明。
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