说明老鼠走迷宫是递回求解的基本题型,我们在二维阵列中使用2表示迷宫墙壁,使用1来表示老鼠的行走路径,试以程式求出由入口至出口的路径。

解法

老鼠的走法有上、左、下、右四个方向,在每前进一格之后就选一个方向前进,无法前进时退回选择下一个可前进方向,如此在阵列中依序测试四个方向,直到走到出口为止,这是递回的基本题,请直接看程式应就可以理解。
 
 
public class Mouse {
private int startI, startJ; // 入口
private int endI, endJ; // 出口
private boolean success = false;

public static void main(String[] args) {
int[][] maze = {{2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2},
{2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2},
{2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2},
{2, 0, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2},
{2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2},
{2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2},
{2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2}};

System.out.println("显示迷宫:");
for(int i = 0; i < maze.length; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < maze[0].length; j++)
if(maze[i][j] == 2)
System.out.print("█");
else
System.out.print(" ");
System.out.println();
}

Mouse mouse = new Mouse();
mouse.setStart(1, 1);
mouse.setEnd(5, 5);

if(!mouse.go(maze)) {
System.out.println("\n没有找到出口!");
}
else {
System.out.println("\n找到出口!");
for(int i = 0; i < maze.length; i++) {
for(int j = 0; j < maze[0].length; j++) {
if(maze[i][j] == 2)
System.out.print("█");
else if(maze[i][j] == 1)
System.out.print("◇");
else
System.out.print(" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}

public void setStart(int i, int j) {
this.startI = i;
this.startJ = j;
}

public void setEnd(int i, int j) {
this.endI = i;
this.endJ = j;
}

public boolean go(int[][] maze) {
return visit(maze, startI, startJ);
}

private boolean visit(int[][] maze, int i, int j) {
maze[i][j] = 1;

if(i == endI && j == endJ)
success = true;

if(!success && maze[i][j+1] == 0)
visit(maze, i, j+1);
if(!success && maze[i+1][j] == 0)
visit(maze, i+1, j);
if(!success && maze[i][j-1] == 0)
visit(maze, i, j-1);
if(!success && maze[i-1][j] == 0)
visit(maze, i-1, j);

if(!success)
maze[i][j] = 0;

return success;
}
}