DNS 中的协议字段详细定义

本文详细介绍了DNS协议中的关键字段及其取值范围,包括DNS Classes、OpCodes、RCODEs等,并列举了各种DNS资源记录的含义及参考标准。

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DNS中的协议字段定义

Table of Contents

  • 1 概述
  • 2 DNS Classes
  • 3 DNS OpCodes
  • 4 DNS RCODEs
  • 5 DNS Label Types
  • 6 DNS资源记录
  • 7 EDNS Version
  • 8 DNS EDNS0 Option Codes (OPT)

1 概述

总结DNS协议中各字段的取值

 

2 DNS Classes

DecimalNameReference
0ReservedRFC6895
1Internet(IN)RFC1035
2Unassigned 
3Chaos(CH) 
4Hesiod(HS) 
5-253Unassigned 
254QCLASS NONERFC2136
255QCLASS * (ANY)RFC1035
256-65279Unassigned 
65280-65534Reserved for Private UseRFC6895
65535ReservedRFC6895

 

3 DNS OpCodes

OpCodeNameReference
0QueryRFC1035
1IQuery(Inverse Query)RFC3425
2StatusRFC1035
3Unsassined 
4NotifyRFC1996
5UpdateRFC2136
6-15Unassigned 

 

4 DNS RCODEs

RcodeNameDescriptionReference
0NoErrorNo ErrorRFC1035
1FormErrFormat ErrorRFC1035
2ServFailServer FailureRFC1035
3NXDomainNon-Existent DomainRFC1035
4NotImpNot ImplementedRFC1035
5RefusedQuery RefusedRFC1035
6YXDomainName Exists when it should notRFC2136
7YXRRSetRR Set Exists when it should notRFC2136
8NXRRSetRR set that should exist does notRFC2136
9NotAuthServer Not Authoritative for zoneRFC2136
10NotZoneNot AUthorizedRFC2845
11-15Unassigned  
16BADVERSBad OPT VersionRFC6891
16BADSIGTSIG Signature FailureRFC2845
17BADKEYKey not revognizedRFC2845
18BADTIMESignature out of time windowRFC2845
19BADMODEBad TKEY ModeRFC2930
20BADNAMEDuplicate key nameRFC2930
21BADALGAlgorithm not supportedRFC2930
22BADTRUNCBad TruncationRFC4635
23-3840Unassigned  
3841-4095Reserved for Private Use  
4096-65534Unassigned  
65535Reserved  

 

5 DNS Label Types

DNS label的最高两位来标识该label的类型

ValueTypeStatusReference
0 0普通label. 低6位是该label的长度StandardRFC1035
1 1压缩label. 低6位和接下来的8位标识它相对于包头的偏移量StandardRFC1035
0 1扩展类型的label. 低6位表示label的类型那个StandardRFC1035
1 0未分配  

 

6 DNS资源记录

TYPEValueMeaningReference
A1a host address[RFC1035]
NS2an authoritative name server[RFC1035]
MD3a mail destination(OBSOLETE - use MX)[RFC1035]
MF4a mail forwarder(OBSOLETE - use MX)[RFC1035]
CNAME5the canonical name for an alias[RFC1035]
SOA6marks the start of a zone of authority[RFC1035]
MB7a mailbox domain name (EXPERIMENTAL)[RFC1035]
MG8a mail group member (EXPERIMENTAL)[RFC1035]
MR9a mail rename domain name (EXPERIMENTAL)[RFC1035]
NULL10a null RR (EXPERIMENTAL) [RFC1035] 
WKS11a well known service description[RFC1035]
PTR12a domain name pointer[RFC1035]
HINFO13host information[RFC1035]
MINFO14mailbox or mail list information[RFC1035]
MX15mail exchange[RFC1035]
TXT16text strings[RFC1035]
RP17for Responsible Person[RFC1183]
AFSDB18for AFS Data Base location[RFC1183][RFC5864]
X2519for X.25 PSDN address[RFC1183]
ISDN20for ISDN address[RFC1183]
RT21for Route Through[RFC1183]
NSAP22for NSAP address, NSAP style A record[RFC1706]
NSAP-PTR23for domain name pointer, NSAP style[RFC1348][RFC1637][RFC1706]
SIG24for security signature 
KEY25for security key 
PX26X.400 mail mapping information[RFC2163]
GPOS27Geographical Position[RFC1712]
AAAA28IP6 Address[RFC3596]
LOC29Location Information[RFC1876]
NXT30Next Domain (OBSOLETE)[RFC3755][RFC2535]
EID31Endpoint Identifier 
NIMLOC32Nimrod Locator 
SRV33Server Selection[RFC2782]
ATMA34ATM Address 
NAPTR35Naming Authority Pointer[RFC2915][RFC2168][RFC3403]
KX36Key Exchanger[RFC2230]
CERT37CERT[RFC4398]
A638A6 (OBSOLETE - use AAAA)[RFC3226][RFC2874][RFC6563]
DNAME39DNAME[RFC6672]
SINK40SINK 
OPT41OPT[RFC6891][RFC3225]
APL42APL[RFC3123]
DS43Delegation Signer[RFC4034][RFC3658]
SSHFP44SSH Key Fingerprint[RFC4255]
IPSECKEY45IPSECKEY[RFC4025]
RRSIG46RRSIG[RFC4034][RFC3755]
NSEC47NSEC[RFC4034][RFC3755]
DNSKEY48DNSKEY[RFC4034][RFC3755]
DHCID49DHCID[RFC4701]
NSEC350NSEC3[RFC5155]
NSEC3PARAM51NSEC3PARAM[RFC5155]
TLSA52TLSA[RFC6698]
Unassigned53-54  
HIP55Host Identity Protocol[RFC5205]
NINFO56NINFO[JimReid]
RKEY57RKEY[JimReid]
TALINK58Trust Anchor LINK[WouterWijngaards]
CDS59Child DS[GeorgeBarwood]
Unassigned60-98  
SPF99[RFC-ietf-spfbis-4408bis-21] 
UINFO100[IANA-Reserved] 
UID101[IANA-Reserved] 
GID102[IANA-Reserved] 
UNSPEC103[IANA-Reserved] 
NID104[RFC6742] 
L32105[RFC6742] 
L64106[RFC6742] 
LP107[RFC6742] 
EUI48108an EUI-48 address[RFC7043]
EUI64109an EUI-64 address[RFC7043]
Unassigned110-248  
TKEY249Transaction Key [RFC2930] 
TSIG250Transaction Signature[RFC2845]
IXFR251incremental transfer[RFC1995]
AXFR252transfer of an entire zone[RFC1035][RFC5936]
MAILB253mailbox-related RRs (MB, MG or MR)[RFC1035]
MAILA254mail agent RRs (OBSOLETE - see MX)[RFC1035]
*255all records the server/cache has available[RFC1035][RFC6895]
URI256URI[PatrikFaltstrom]
CAA257Certification Authority Restriction[RFC6844]
Unassigned258-32767  
TA32768DNSSEC Trust Authorities 
DLV32769DNSSEC Lookaside Validation[RFC4431]
Unassigned32770-65279  
Private use65280-65534  
Reserved65535  

 

7 EDNS Version

RangeDescriptionReference
0EDNS version 0RFC6891
1-255Unassigned 

 

8 DNS EDNS0 Option Codes (OPT)

ValueNameStatusReference
0Reserved [RFC6891]
1LLQOn-hold[http://files.dns-sd.org/draft-sekar-dns-llq.txt]
2ULOn-hold[http://files.dns-sd.org/draft-sekar-dns-ul.txt]
3NSIDStandard[RFC5001]
4Reserved  
5DAUStandard[RFC6975]
6DHUStandard[RFC6975]
7N3UStandard[RFC6975]
8edns-client-subnetOptional 
9-65000Unassigned  
65001-65534Reserved for Local/Experimental Use [RFC6891]
65535Reserved for future expansion [RFC6891]

Date: 2014-04-26T12:10+0800

Author: Cobbliu

Org version 7.9.3f with Emacs version 24

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