马婕 2014MBA专硕考试 词汇每日一练(转)

本文通过具体的例句解析了英语中的多个关键词汇用法,包括issue、deliver、shed等词的不同含义及其应用场景,帮助读者更好地理解并运用这些词汇。

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2013-6-8

1. To ensure its sustained progress in economy, the government has _______ a series of policies.

   A. edited                 B. issued                            C. delivered                 D. shed

做题的步骤,看懂句子,根据猜的词义选择

为了确保经济持续的进步,政府颁布了一系列的政策

issue a new policy/an order/another novel                               发布;发行

          the May ~ of the magazine                                  (出版物)一期

the ~ of how to provide adequate child care/the economic ~               问题

          hot issue                                           热点问题

deliver newspaper/mails                                                    投递

~ a lecture                                                  发表(讲话)

Deliver goods to door                                       送货上门

~ a baby boy                                                      分娩

Our company offer the service to deliver the goods to door  delivery 交货

The service to deliver the goods to door is offered.

Shed 流淌 shed tears /blood 流泪流血

          Shed leaves/hairs 脱落

2. He has never worried about his properties because he has ______ them against disasters and theft.

   A. assured               B. ensured                    C. insured                     D. secure

他从来不担心他的财产,因为他已经投保了,以防灾难和盗窃

assure you of the reliability / you that the news are reliable             保证;使放心

ensure one’s safety/ success/ the supply of the necessities                         确保

insure one’s property against fire                                            保险

secure the coast areas from the food                                        使安全

feel ~ with you beside me                                          安全的

I assure you that I will never be late again.

Ensure arrival on time//recovery   确保准时到达

3. The terrorists kidnapped the director of the company and demanded a large sum of money for his _______.

   A. liberty                 B. exemption                 C. relaxation                 D. release

恐怖分子绑架了公司的懂事长,并且要一大笔钱才释放他

release news/ energy/ suspect /criminal                                       释放,发布

relieve pressure/ pain                                               减轻,缓解

reveal a secrecy/ mystery/the end of a story                                        揭示

Studies ~ that …                                                    显示

Exempt V 豁免,免除 exempt sb from the punishment/military services

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2013-6-13

4. In November 1987 the government _____ a public debate on the future direction of the official sports policy.

A. initiated            B. induced                   C. designated                      D. provoked

1987年的11月,政府发动了一次有关于官方体育政策未来方向的讨论

The initial cost 起初成本

Initiate=launch =start  a reform/ a compaign /trade with China  发起,启动

Induce 引诱,诱导  induce sb to make a mistake

      引起         induce sleepines

Designate V   =appoint =assign  任命,指派 校长指派我给大家讲课

             ==mark   标明,标记 designate the boundary

Provoke   1 激怒  provoke one’s anger

          2 煽动  挑逗   provoke a strike // a riot 暴乱

5. It is fortunate for the old couple that their son's career goals and their wishes for him _____.

A. coincide            B. conform                  C. comply                    D. collaborate

对这对老夫妻来说,他们儿子的职业目标和他们的愿望一致

Coincidence 巧合 coincide 恰巧一致

Conform 使一致   使符合  conform their research to the economic needs

                             使他们的研究与经济需要一致

使自己讲授的内容与考试一致

Conform to the the rules==abide by ==comply with

Confirm 1 确认房间            confirm  a reservation                 

         2 证实              Confirm the news/my suspicion           

Collaborate =cooperate 合作

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2013-6-14

6. A product is to be regarded as being _______ when introduced into the another country at less than its normal value

  A. discharged            B. discarded                  C. devalued                   D. dumped

Dump 倾销

Discharge the waste 排放 放电

Discard the flower in the garbage

Devalue 贬值 在经济危机期间,一个国家的货币会贬值。你最近的股票不成样子了

Decrease/decline/depress/devide/devison部门

7. Retirement is obviously a very complex _____ period; and the earlier you start planning for it, the better.

A. transformation      B. transaction               C. transmission            D. transition

退休明显是一个复杂的过度期间,你越早规划越好

transfer sb. to another position                                               调动

~ the luggage to another car                                            转移

换乘

transmit disease/signal                                                       传播,传送

transact business over phone //                 a confidential transaction      交易

Transport the goods

Transform the house into an office/the society/our daily life                     改变,变成

Transplant the kidney from one twin to another

Transparent window

 

Transition 交替,过度          the transition of the season

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2013-6-27

7. Retirement is obviously a very complex _____ period; and the earlier you start planning for it, the better.

A. transformation      B. transaction               C. transmission            D. transition

 

 

退休明显是一个复杂的过度期间,你越早规划越好

transfer sb. to another position                                               调动

~ the luggage to another car                                            转移

换乘

transmit disease/signal                                                       传播,传送

transact business over phone //                 a confidential transaction      交易

Transport the goods

Transform the house into an office/the society/our daily life                     改变,变成

Transplant the kidney from one twin to another

Transparent window

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8. After his recovery from illness, he is determined to _______ what he had been doing to attain the goal.

  A. assume                 B. consume                  C. presume                   D. resume

resume what we were doing/ the lost territory/our spirit       

 assume what you said to be true                                                  假定

presume  that you are wrong                                假设

consume fuel                                         消费,消耗

~ potatoes                                 吃掉

从病中恢复之后,他就决心重新开始一直以来做的事情已达到目标

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2013-6-29

 

9. Mutual respect for territorial _____is one of the bases upon which our two countries develop relationships.

 

A. unity                    B. entirety                    C. integrity       D. unification

 

 

 

彼此尊重领土的完整是两个国家发展关系的基础之一

 

Mutual respect/understanding/benefit         相互的

 

Neutral   hold a neutral position 中立的

 

Integrate         1 使一体化  integrate the plan 整合计划

 

                2 融合     integrate the children into the society 融入社会

 

Integration 融合,一体化

 

Integrity   完整   territorial integrity

 

      正直   a man of integrity

 

Unity of color 色彩和谐

 

Entirety 整个

 

Unification 统一 the unification of the christian churches

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### RT-DETRv3 网络结构分析 RT-DETRv3 是一种基于 Transformer 的实时端到端目标检测算法,其核心在于通过引入分层密集正监督方法以及一系列创新性的训练策略,解决了传统 DETR 模型收敛慢和解码器训练不足的问题。以下是 RT-DETRv3 的主要网络结构特点: #### 1. **基于 CNN 的辅助分支** 为了增强编码器的特征表示能力,RT-DETRv3 引入了一个基于卷积神经网络 (CNN) 的辅助分支[^3]。这一分支提供了密集的监督信号,能够与原始解码器协同工作,从而提升整体性能。 ```python class AuxiliaryBranch(nn.Module): def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels): super(AuxiliaryBranch, self).__init__() self.conv = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size=3, padding=1) self.bn = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channels) def forward(self, x): return F.relu(self.bn(self.conv(x))) ``` 此部分的设计灵感来源于传统的 CNN 架构,例如 YOLO 系列中的 CSPNet 和 PAN 结构[^2],这些技术被用来优化特征提取效率并减少计算开销。 --- #### 2. **自注意力扰动学习策略** 为解决解码器训练不足的问题,RT-DETRv3 提出了一种名为 *self-att 扰动* 的新学习策略。这种策略通过对多个查询组中阳性样本的标签分配进行多样化处理,有效增加了阳例的数量,进而提高了模型的学习能力和泛化性能。 具体实现方式是在训练过程中动态调整注意力权重分布,确保更多的高质量查询可以与真实标注 (Ground Truth) 进行匹配。 --- #### 3. **共享权重解编码器分支** 除了上述改进外,RT-DETRv3 还引入了一个共享权重的解编码器分支,专门用于提供密集的正向监督信号。这一设计不仅简化了模型架构,还显著降低了参数量和推理时间,使其更适合实时应用需求。 ```python class SharedDecoderEncoder(nn.Module): def __init__(self, d_model, nhead, num_layers): super(SharedDecoderEncoder, self).__init__() decoder_layer = nn.TransformerDecoderLayer(d_model=d_model, nhead=nhead) self.decoder = nn.TransformerDecoder(decoder_layer, num_layers=num_layers) def forward(self, tgt, memory): return self.decoder(tgt=tgt, memory=memory) ``` 通过这种方式,RT-DETRv3 实现了高效的目标检测流程,在保持高精度的同时大幅缩短了推理延迟。 --- #### 4. **与其他模型的关系** 值得一提的是,RT-DETRv3 并未完全抛弃经典的 CNN 技术,而是将其与 Transformer 结合起来形成混合架构[^4]。例如,它采用了 YOLO 系列中的 RepNCSP 模块替代冗余的多尺度自注意力层,从而减少了不必要的计算负担。 此外,RT-DETRv3 还借鉴了 DETR 的一对一匹配策略,并在此基础上进行了优化,进一步提升了小目标检测的能力。 --- ### 总结 综上所述,RT-DETRv3 的网络结构主要包括以下几个关键组件:基于 CNN 的辅助分支、自注意力扰动学习策略、共享权重解编码器分支以及混合编码器设计。这些技术创新共同推动了实时目标检测领域的发展,使其在复杂场景下的表现更加出色。 ---
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