OSPF和RIP综合实验有点难度！

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-14 11:41:38 发布

weixin_33779515

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-14 11:41:38 发布

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：网络数据库

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/weixin_33779515/article/details/85073666

本文详细介绍了OSPF及NSSA区域配置的实际案例，包括路由器间的动态路由协议配置、环回口设置、子网汇总等操作，并展示了不同路由器间的路由表及可达性测试。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

ospf实验

R1>en
R1#show running-config 查看配置文件
hostname R1

interface Loopback0 环回口地址
ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback2
ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Loopback3
ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0

router rip                   rip动态路由协议以跳数为度量值
version 2                      版本2
network 172.16.0.0           自己知道的网络号
network 192.168.12.0
no auto-summary                   不自动汇总

end

R2#show running-config

interface Loopback0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router ospf 110                 ospf动态路由协议以 cost 为度量值
log-adjacency-changes
area 1 nssa no-summary                  NSSA区域
summary-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0            汇总地址
redistribute rip subnets                                 把rip协议加入到 ospf里
network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 1
network 192.168.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 1                网络号后面跟反掩码区域号
network 192.168.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
!

router rip                         rip协议
version 2
redistribute ospf 110 metric 3            把ospf 协议打入到 rip协议里度量值3
network 2.0.0.0
network 192.168.12.0
network 192.168.23.0
no auto-summary

end

R3#show running-config
hostname R3

interface Loopback0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.23.3 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.34.3 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router ospf 110
log-adjacency-changes
area 1 nssa no-summary
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 1
network 192.168.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 192.168.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 1

end

R4#show running-config
Building configuration...
hostname R4
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.34.4 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.45.4 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router ospf 110
log-adjacency-changes
area 1 nssa no-summary
network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 192.168.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 192.168.45.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
end

R5:

hostname R5

interface Loopback0
ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.45.5 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.56.5 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router ospf 110
log-adjacency-changes
network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 192.168.45.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 192.168.56.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
!
end

R6#show running-config
Building configuration...
hostname R6
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.56.6 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
ip address 192.168.67.6 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router ospf 110
log-adjacency-changes
redistribute rip subnets
network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0 area 2
network 192.168.56.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
network 192.168.67.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
!
router rip
version 2
redistribute ospf 110 metric 3
network 6.0.0.0
network 192.168.56.0
network 192.168.67.0
no auto-summary
!
end

R7#show running-config

hostname R7
!
interface Loopback0
ip address 7.7.7.7 255.255.255.255
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 192.168.67.7 255.255.255.0
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
router rip
version 2
network 7.0.0.0
network 192.168.67.0
no auto-summary
!
end

R1>ping 7.7.7.7
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 7.7.7.7, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!

R2的路由表
C    192.168.12.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       3.3.3.3 [110/11] via 192.168.23.3, 00:19:33, FastEthernet0/1
     172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 2 masks
R       172.16.0.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.1, 00:00:20, FastEthernet0/0
O       172.16.0.0/22 is a summary, 00:20:13, Null0
R       172.16.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.1, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/0
R       172.16.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.1, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/0
R       172.16.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.12.1, 00:00:21, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
O    192.168.34.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.23.3, 00:19:35, FastEthernet0/1
O*IA 0.0.0.0/0 [110/21] via 192.168.23.3, 00:19:36, FastEthernet0/1

R6学习到汇总路由我的拓扑图显示是R7 show ip route 看到

R    192.168.12.0/24 [120/3] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       2.2.2.2 [120/3] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       3.3.3.3 [120/3] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0
R    192.168.45.0/24 [120/3] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0
     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       4.4.4.4 [120/3] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:07, FastEthernet0/0
     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       5.5.5.5 [120/3] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0
     6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       6.6.6.6 [120/1] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:08, FastEthernet0/0
     172.16.0.0/22 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R       172.16.0.0 [120/3] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
R    192.168.56.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
     7.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       7.7.7.7 is directly connected, Loopback0
R    192.168.23.0/24 [120/3] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0
C    192.168.67.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R    192.168.34.0/24 [120/3] via 192.168.67.6, 00:00:10, FastEthernet0/0

回答：发现有一条默认路由做了NSSA 四类和五类都没了，三类就剩下一条默认路由多了一条七类看紫色表示有七类LSA没有五类了

R3#show ip ospf database nssa-external

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 110)

Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 1)

Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 1938
Options: (No TOS-capability, Type 7/5 translation, DC)
LS Type: AS External Link
Link State ID: 172.16.0.0 (External Network Number )
Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2
LS Seq Number: 80000001
Checksum: 0xE6E5
Length: 36
Network Mask: /22
        Metric Type: 2 (Larger than any link state path)
        TOS: 0
        Metric: 20
        Forward Address: 2.2.2.2
        External Route Tag: 0

R3#show ip ospf database external

OSPF Router with ID (3.3.3.3) (Process ID 110)

回答：R6上有 4.4.4.4 ASBR AR是5.5.5.5

R6#show ip ospf database asbr-summary

OSPF Router with ID (6.6.6.6) (Process ID 110)

Summary ASB Link States (Area 2)

Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 1488
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC, Upward)
LS Type: Summary Links(AS Boundary Router)
Link State ID: 4.4.4.4 (AS Boundary Router address)
Advertising Router: 5.5.5.5
LS Seq Number: 80000001
Checksum: 0x907D
Length: 28
Network Mask: /0
TOS: 0 Metric: 10

因为做了NSSA后，R4即是ASBR也是ABR