组件及实现的功能
-
Keepalived：实现对Haproxy服务的高可用，并采用双主模型配置;
-
Haproxy：实现对Nginx的负载均衡和读写分离;
-
Nginx：实现对HTTP请求的高速处理;
架构设计图
重点概念
vrrp_script中节点权重改变算法
vrrp_script 里的script返回值为0时认为检测成功，其它值都会当成检测失败；
weight 为正时，脚本检测成功时此weight会加到priority上，检测失败时不加；
主失败:
主 priority < 从 priority + weight 时会切换。
主成功：
主 priority + weight > 从 priority + weight 时，主依然为主
weight 为负时，脚本检测成功时此weight不影响priority，检测失败时priority – abs(weight)
主失败:
主 priority – abs(weight) < 从priority 时会切换主从
主成功:
主 priority > 从priority 主依然为主
具体解释详见博文“Keepalived双主模型中vrrp_script中权重改变故障排查”
部署配置
Keepalived部署
配置
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yum -y
install
keepalived
# 两节点都需部署
# 172.16.25.109
# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File
for
keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from admin@lnmmp.com
smtp_connect_timeout 3
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_maintaince_down {
script
"[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0"
interval 1
weight 2
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script
"killall -0 haproxy"
interval 1
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
interface eth0
state MASTER
priority 100
virtual_router_id 125
garp_master_delay 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1e3459f77aba4ded
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.25.10
/16
dev eth0 label eth0:0
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
notify_master
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master 172.16.25.10"
notify_backup
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup 172.16.25.10"
notify_fault
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault 172.16.25.10"
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
interface eth0
state BACKUP
priority 99
virtual_router_id 126
garp_master_delay 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 7615c4b7f518cede
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.25.11
/16
dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
chk_maintaince_down
}
notify_master
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master 172.16.25.11"
notify_backup
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup 172.16.25.11"
notify_fault
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault 172.16.25.11"
}
# 172.16.25.110
# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File
for
keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from admin@lnmmp.com
smtp_connect_timeout 3
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_maintaince_down {
script
"[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0"
interval 1
weight 2
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script
"killall -0 haproxy"
interval 1
weight 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
interface eth0
state BACKUP
priority 99
virtual_router_id 125
garp_master_delay 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1e3459f77aba4ded
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.25.10
/16
dev eth0 label eth0:0
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
chk_maintaince_down
}
notify_master
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master 172.16.25.10"
notify_backup
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup 172.16.25.10"
notify_fault
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault 172.16.25.10"
}
vrrp_instance VI_2 {
interface eth0
state MASTER
priority 100
virtual_router_id 126
garp_master_delay 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 7615c4b7f518cede
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.25.11
/16
dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
notify_master
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master 172.16.25.11"
notify_backup
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup 172.16.25.11"
notify_fault
"/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault 172.16.25.11"
}
# vi /etc/keepalived/notify.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Author: Jason.Yu <admin@lnmmp.com>
# description: An example of notify script
#
contact=
'root@localhost'
notify() {
mailsubject=
"`hostname` to be $1: $2 floating"
mailbody=
"`date '+%F %H:%M:%S'`: vrrp transition, `hostname` changed to be $1"
echo
$mailbody | mail -s
"$mailsubject"
$contact
}
case
"$1"
in
master)
notify master $2
/etc/rc
.d
/init
.d
/haproxy
restart
exit
0
;;
backup)
notify backup $2
# 在节点切换成backup状态时，无需刻意停止haproxy服务，防止chk_maintaince和chk_haproxy多次对haproxy服务操作；
exit
0
;;
fault)
notify fault $2
# 同上
exit
0
;;
*)
echo
'Usage: `basename $0` {master|backup|fault}'
exit
1
;;
esac
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启动服务
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service keepalived start
# 在两个节点上都需要启动
|
keepalived双主模型启动
Haproxy部署
安装配置
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yum -y
install
haproxy
# 两节点都需部署
vi
/etc/haproxy/haproxy
.cfg
# 两节点配置一致
global
log 127.0.0.1 local2
chroot
/var/lib/haproxy
pidfile
/var/run/haproxy
.pid
maxconn 4000
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
# 以后台程序运行；
defaults
mode http
# 选择HTTP模式，即可进行7层过滤；
log global
option httplog
# 可以得到更加丰富的日志输出；
option dontlognull
option http-server-close
# server端可关闭HTTP连接的功能；
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0
/8
# 传递client端的IP地址给server端，并写入“X-Forward_for”首部中；
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 30000
listen stats
mode http
bind 0.0.0.0:1080
# 统计页面绑定1080端口；
stats
enable
# 开启统计页面功能；
stats hide-version
# 隐藏Haproxy版本号；
stats uri
/haproxyadmin
?stats
# 自定义统计页面的访问uri；
stats realm Haproxy\ Statistics
# 统计页面密码验证时的提示信息；
stats auth admin:admin
# 为统计页面开启登录验证功能；
stats admin
if
TRUE
# 若登录用户验证通过，则赋予管理功能；
frontend http-
in
bind *:80
mode http
log global
option httpclose
option logasap
option dontlognull
capture request header Host len 20
capture request header Referer len 60
acl url_static path_beg -i
/static
/images
/javascript
/stylesheets
acl url_static path_end -i .jpg .jpeg .gif .png .css .js .html
use_backend static_servers
if
url_static
# 符合ACL规则的，请求转入后端静态服务器
default_backend dynamic_servers
# 默认请求转入后端动态服务器
backend static_servers
balance roundrobin
server imgsrv1 192.168.0.25:80 check maxconn 6000
# 静态服务器，可配置多台，还可设置权重weight；
backend dynamic_servers
balance
source
# 对于动态请求利用source调度算法，可一定程度上实现session保持；但最好利用cookie绑定的方式实现session保持
server websrv1 192.168.0.35:80 check maxconn 1000
# 动态服务器，可配置多台，还可设置权重weight；
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启动服务
|
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service haproxy start
# 两节点都需要启动
|
Nginx部署
见博客“如何测试Nginx的高性能”
访问验证
Haproxy统计页面测试
动静分离测试
高可用测试
本文转自 xxrenzhe11 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/xxrenzhe/1405455，如需转载请自行联系原作者
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