我想创建一个面板程序：执行以下步骤：
1、调用WinMerge生成HTML差异文件
2、将生成的HTML文件与目标Excel文件放在同一目录
3、将生成的HTML文件转换为excel文件，并且复制转换后的excel文件的A~F列数据，粘贴到目标Excel文件的“一覧”工作表第6行开始的A~F列
4、点击目标Excel文件“一覧”工作表上的“作成”按钮
5、等待处理完成
目前我的代码为：import os
import subprocess
import shutil
import time
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog, ttk, scrolledtext, messagebox, PhotoImage
import pandas as pd
import win32com.client as win32
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import threading
import tempfile
import queue
import traceback
class DiffProcessorApp:
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
root.title("高级文件夹比较工具")
root.geometry("1000x700")
root.configure(bg="#f5f5f5")
# 创建现代风格主题
self.style = ttk.Style()
self.style.theme_use('clam')
# 自定义主题颜色
self.style.configure('TButton',
font=('Segoe UI', 10, 'bold'),
borderwidth=1,
foreground="#333",
background="#4CAF50",
bordercolor="#388E3C",
relief="flat",
padding=8,
anchor="center")
self.style.map('TButton',
background=[('active', '#388E3C'), ('disabled', '#BDBDBD')],
foreground=[('disabled', '#9E9E9E')])
self.style.configure('TLabel', font=('Segoe UI', 9), background="#f5f5f5")
self.style.configure('TLabelframe', font=('Segoe UI', 10, 'bold'),
background="#f5f5f5", relief="flat", borderwidth=2)
self.style.configure('TLabelframe.Label', font=('Segoe UI', 10, 'bold'),
background="#f5f5f5", foreground="#2E7D32")
self.style.configure('Treeview', font=('Segoe UI', 9), rowheight=25)
self.style.configure('Treeview.Heading', font=('Segoe UI', 9, 'bold'))
# 创建主框架
main_frame = ttk.Frame(root, padding="15")
main_frame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=10, pady=10)
# 标题区域
header_frame = ttk.Frame(main_frame)
header_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=(0, 15))
# 添加标题图标
try:
icon = PhotoImage(file="folder_icon.png")
self.icon_label = ttk.Label(header_frame, image=icon)
self.icon_label.image = icon
self.icon_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(0, 10))
except:
self.icon_label = ttk.Label(header_frame, text="📁", font=("Arial", 24))
self.icon_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(0, 10))
title_label = ttk.Label(header_frame, text="高级文件夹比较工具",
font=("Segoe UI", 18, "bold"), foreground="#2E7D32")
title_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 文件选择区域
file_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(main_frame, text="文件夹选择", padding="12")
file_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=5)
# 文件夹选择
self.old_folder_entry, self.new_folder_entry = self.create_folder_selector(file_frame, "原始文件夹:")
self.new_folder_entry = self.create_folder_selector(file_frame, "修改后文件夹:")[0]
# 比较选项区域
options_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(main_frame, text="比较选项", padding="12")
options_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=5)
# 递归比较选项
self.recursive_var = tk.BooleanVar(value=True)
recursive_check = ttk.Checkbutton(options_frame, text="递归比较子文件夹",
variable=self.recursive_var)
recursive_check.grid(row=0, column=0, padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.W)
# 文件过滤
filter_frame = ttk.Frame(options_frame)
filter_frame.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.W)
ttk.Label(filter_frame, text="文件过滤:").pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=(0, 5))
self.filter_var = tk.StringVar(value="*.*")
filter_entry = ttk.Entry(filter_frame, textvariable=self.filter_var, width=15)
filter_entry.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 目标Excel选择
excel_frame = ttk.LabelFrame(main_frame, text="输出设置", padding="12")
excel_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=5)
ttk.Label(excel_frame, text="目标Excel文件:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
self.excel_file_entry = ttk.Entry(excel_frame, width=60)
self.excel_file_entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
ttk.Button(excel_frame, text="浏览...",
command=lambda: self.select_file(self.excel_file_entry,
[("Excel文件", "*.xlsx *.xlsm")])).grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5)
# 执行按钮区域
button_frame = ttk.Frame(main_frame)
button_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=10)
self.run_button = ttk.Button(button_frame, text="执行比较",
command=self.start_processing, width=20, style='TButton')
self.run_button.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 停止按钮
self.stop_button = ttk.Button(button_frame, text="停止",
command=self.stop_processing, width=10, state=tk.DISABLED)
self.stop_button.pack(side=tk.LEFT, padx=10)
# 进度条
self.progress = ttk.Progressbar(main_frame, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, length=700, mode='determinate')
self.progress.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=5)
# 状态信息
status_frame = ttk.Frame(main_frame)
status_frame.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=5)
self.status_var = tk.StringVar(value="准备就绪")
status_label = ttk.Label(status_frame, textvariable=self.status_var,
font=("Segoe UI", 9), foreground="#2E7D32")
status_label.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 日志和预览区域
notebook = ttk.Notebook(main_frame)
notebook.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, pady=5)
# 文件夹结构标签
tree_frame = ttk.Frame(notebook, padding="5")
notebook.add(tree_frame, text="文件夹结构")
# 创建树形视图
self.tree = ttk.Treeview(tree_frame, columns=("Status"), show="tree")
self.tree.heading("#0", text="文件夹结构", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.heading("Status", text="状态", anchor=tk.W)
self.tree.column("#0", width=400)
self.tree.column("Status", width=100)
vsb = ttk.Scrollbar(tree_frame, orient="vertical", command=self.tree.yview)
hsb = ttk.Scrollbar(tree_frame, orient="horizontal", command=self.tree.xview)
self.tree.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set, xscrollcommand=hsb.set)
self.tree.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
vsb.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ns")
hsb.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="ew")
# 日志标签
log_frame = ttk.Frame(notebook, padding="5")
notebook.add(log_frame, text="执行日志")
self.log_text = scrolledtext.ScrolledText(log_frame, height=10, wrap=tk.WORD,
font=("Consolas", 9))
self.log_text.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
self.log_text.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
# 设置网格权重
tree_frame.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
tree_frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
# 线程控制
self.processing = False
self.queue = queue.Queue()
# 启动队列处理
self.root.after(100, self.process_queue)
def create_folder_selector(self, parent, label_text):
"""创建文件夹选择器组件"""
frame = ttk.Frame(parent)
frame.pack(fill=tk.X, pady=5)
ttk.Label(frame, text=label_text).grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=5)
entry = ttk.Entry(frame, width=70)
entry.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5, pady=5)
button = ttk.Button(frame, text="浏览文件夹...",
command=lambda: self.select_folder(entry))
button.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5, pady=5)
return entry, button
def select_folder(self, entry):
"""选择文件夹"""
foldername = filedialog.askdirectory()
if foldername:
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, foldername)
# 自动填充文件夹结构
self.populate_folder_tree(foldername)
def select_file(self, entry, filetypes=None):
"""选择文件"""
if filetypes is None:
filetypes = [("所有文件", "*.*")]
filename = filedialog.askopenfilename(filetypes=filetypes)
if filename:
entry.delete(0, tk.END)
entry.insert(0, filename)
def populate_folder_tree(self, path):
"""填充文件夹结构树"""
self.tree.delete(*self.tree.get_children())
if not os.path.isdir(path):
return
# 添加根节点
root_node = self.tree.insert("", "end", text=os.path.basename(path),
values=("文件夹",), open=True)
self.add_tree_nodes(root_node, path)
def add_tree_nodes(self, parent, path):
"""递归添加树节点"""
try:
for item in os.listdir(path):
item_path = os.path.join(path, item)
if os.path.isdir(item_path):
node = self.tree.insert(parent, "end", text=item, values=("文件夹",))
self.add_tree_nodes(node, item_path)
else:
self.tree.insert(parent, "end", text=item, values=("文件",))
except PermissionError:
self.log_message(f"权限错误: 无法访问 {path}")
def log_message(self, message):
"""记录日志消息"""
self.queue.put(("log", message))
def update_progress(self, value):
"""更新进度条"""
self.queue.put(("progress", value))
def update_status(self, message):
"""更新状态信息"""
self.queue.put(("status", message))
def process_queue(self):
"""处理线程队列中的消息"""
try:
while not self.queue.empty():
msg_type, data = self.queue.get_nowait()
if msg_type == "log":
self.log_text.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.log_text.insert(tk.END, data + "\n")
self.log_text.see(tk.END)
self.log_text.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
elif msg_type == "progress":
self.progress['value'] = data
elif msg_type == "status":
self.status_var.set(data)
except queue.Empty:
pass
self.root.after(100, self.process_queue)
def write_to_excel(self, excel_path, diff_data):
"""将差异数据写入Excel"""
self.log_message("正在写入Excel文件...")
try:
# 使用win32com打开Excel
excel = win32.gencache.EnsureDispatch('Excel.Application')
excel.Visible = True
workbook = excel.Workbooks.Open(os.path.abspath(excel_path))
sheet = workbook.Sheets("一覧")
# 从第6行开始写入数据
start_row = 6
for i, row_data in enumerate(diff_data):
for j, value in enumerate(row_data[:6]):
# 确保值是字符串类型
sheet.Cells(start_row + i, j + 1).Value = str(value)
# 保存Excel
workbook.Save()
self.log_message(f"数据已写入Excel第{start_row}行开始")
# 触发"作成"按钮
self.log_message("正在触发'作成'按钮...")
try:
# 查找按钮并点击
button = sheet.Buttons("作成")
button.OnAction = "作成按钮的处理"
button.Click()
self.log_message("已触发'作成'按钮")
# 等待处理完成
self.update_status("处理中...请等待")
# 简单等待机制
for _ in range(30): # 最多等待30秒
if not self.processing:
break
if excel.CalculationState == 0: # 0 = xlDone
break
time.sleep(1)
self.log_message("处理中...")
self.log_message("处理完成")
self.update_status("处理完成")
except Exception as e:
# 修复TypeError: 使用f-string记录异常
self.log_message(f"按钮操作失败: {str(e)}. 请手动点击'作成'按钮")
# 关闭Excel
workbook.Close()
excel.Quit()
return True
except Exception as e:
# 修复TypeError: 使用f-string记录异常
self.log_message(f"Excel操作失败: {str(e)}\n{traceback.format_exc()}")
return False
def start_processing(self):
"""启动处理线程 - 修复无响应问题"""
if self.processing:
self.log_message("警告: 处理正在进行中")
return
# 获取路径
old_path = self.old_folder_entry.get()
new_path = self.new_folder_entry.get()
excel_file = self.excel_file_entry.get()
# 详细路径验证
validation_errors = []
if not old_path:
validation_errors.append("原始文件夹路径为空")
elif not os.path.isdir(old_path):
validation_errors.append(f"原始文件夹路径无效: {old_path}")
if not new_path:
validation_errors.append("新文件夹路径为空")
elif not os.path.isdir(new_path):
validation_errors.append(f"新文件夹路径无效: {new_path}")
if not excel_file:
validation_errors.append("Excel文件路径为空")
elif not excel_file.lower().endswith(('.xlsx', '.xlsm')):
validation_errors.append("Excel文件必须是.xlsx或.xlsm格式")
if validation_errors:
self.log_message("错误: " + "; ".join(validation_errors))
messagebox.showerror("输入错误", "\n".join(validation_errors))
return
# 检查WinMerge安装
winmerge_path = r"E:\App\WinMerge\WinMerge2.16.12.0\WinMergeU.exe"
if not os.path.exists(winmerge_path):
self.log_message(f"错误: WinMerge未安装在默认位置 {winmerge_path}")
messagebox.showwarning("WinMerge未安装",
"请确保WinMerge已安装或更新路径配置")
return
# 禁用执行按钮，启用停止按钮
self.run_button.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.stop_button.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.processing = True
# 启动处理线程
thread = threading.Thread(target=self.process_folders, args=(old_path, new_path, excel_file))
thread.daemon = True
thread.start()
self.log_message("处理线程已启动")
def process_folders(self, old_path, new_path, excel_file):
"""处理文件夹比较的线程函数 - 增强异常处理"""
output_html = None
try:
# 步骤1: 生成HTML差异文件
self.update_status("生成HTML差异文件...")
self.update_progress(20)
# 使用临时文件存储HTML报告
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".html", delete=False) as temp_file:
output_html = temp_file.name
if not self.run_winmerge(old_path, new_path, output_html):
self.update_status("WinMerge执行失败")
return
# 步骤2: 将HTML文件与Excel放在同一目录
self.update_status("准备文件...")
self.update_progress(40)
excel_dir = os.path.dirname(excel_file)
if excel_dir:
target_html = os.path.join(excel_dir, "diff_report.html")
try:
shutil.copy(output_html, target_html)
self.log_message(f"已将HTML文件复制到: {target_html}")
except Exception as e:
self.log_message(f"文件复制失败: {str(e)}")
return
# 步骤3: 解析HTML差异文件
self.update_status("解析差异数据...")
self.update_progress(60)
diff_data = self.parse_html_diff(output_html)
if not diff_data:
self.update_status("HTML解析失败")
return
# 步骤4: 写入Excel并触发按钮
self.update_status("写入Excel并触发处理...")
self.update_progress(80)
if not self.write_to_excel(excel_file, diff_data):
self.update_status("Excel操作失败")
return
# 完成
self.update_progress(100)
self.update_status("处理完成！")
self.log_message("文件夹比较流程执行完毕")
messagebox.showinfo("完成", "文件夹比较处理成功完成")
except Exception as e:
error_msg = f"执行过程中发生错误: {str(e)}\n{traceback.format_exc()}"
self.log_message(error_msg)
self.update_status("执行失败")
messagebox.showerror("错误", f"处理失败: {str(e)}")
finally:
# 重新启用执行按钮
if self.processing:
self.stop_processing()
# 清理临时文件
if output_html and os.path.exists(output_html):
try:
os.remove(output_html)
except:
pass
def run_winmerge(self, path1, path2, output_html):
"""增强的WinMerge调用方法 - 解决弹窗阻塞问题"""
winmerge_path = r"E:\App\WinMerge\WinMerge2.16.12.0\WinMergeU.exe"
# 验证WinMerge可执行文件
if not os.path.exists(winmerge_path):
self.log_message(f"错误: WinMerge路径不存在 {winmerge_path}")
return False
# 构建抑制弹窗的命令参数
winmerge_cmd = [
winmerge_path,
'/u', # 不显示GUI界面
'/minimize', # 最小化窗口
'/noprefs', # 不使用保存的选项
'/exit', # 完成后自动退出 - 关键参数[^1]
'/dl', 'Base',
'/dr', 'Modified',
'/or', output_html,
path1, path2
]
# 添加递归选项
if self.recursive_var.get():
winmerge_cmd.insert(1, '/r')
self.log_message(f"执行命令: {' '.join(winmerge_cmd)}")
try:
# 使用Popen启动进程（非阻塞）
proc = subprocess.Popen(
winmerge_cmd,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
creationflags=subprocess.CREATE_NO_WINDOW
)
# 设置超时监控
timeout = 120 # 秒
start_time = time.time()
while proc.poll() is None: # 进程仍在运行
# 更新状态
elapsed = int(time.time() - start_time)
self.update_status(f"生成报告中...({elapsed}秒)")
# 超时处理
if elapsed > timeout:
self.log_message("WinMerge执行超时，强制终止进程")
proc.terminate()
try:
proc.wait(timeout=5)
except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
proc.kill()
return False
# 定期检查进程状态
time.sleep(1)
# 检查退出码
if proc.returncode == 0:
# 验证报告文件是否生成
if not os.path.exists(output_html):
self.log_message(f"错误: 报告文件未生成 {output_html}")
return False
# 验证报告内容有效性
with open(output_html, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
content = f.read(1024) # 只读取前1KB检查
if '<table' not in content:
self.log_message("警告: 报告文件不包含表格数据")
self.log_message(f"HTML差异报告生成成功: {output_html}")
return True
else:
# 获取错误输出
stderr_output = proc.stderr.read().decode('utf-8', errors='ignore')
error_msg = f"WinMerge异常退出(代码{proc.returncode}): {stderr_output}"
self.log_message(error_msg)
return False
except Exception as e:
self.log_message(f"WinMerge执行错误: {str(e)}")
return False
def parse_html_diff(self, html_file):
"""增强的HTML报告解析方法 - 解决表格查找失败问题"""
try:
# 验证文件是否存在
if not os.path.exists(html_file):
self.log_message(f"错误: HTML文件不存在 {html_file}")
return []
# 读取文件内容（处理可能的编码问题）
with open(html_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8', errors='ignore') as f:
content = f.read()
# 检查是否有有效内容
if not content.strip():
self.log_message("警告: HTML文件为空")
return []
soup = BeautifulSoup(content, 'html.parser')
# 增强表格查找方法 - 尝试多种定位方式[^2]
table = None
# 方式1: 通过特定ID查找
table = soup.find('table', id='filediff')
# 方式2: 通过特定class查找
if not table:
table = soup.find('table', class_='filediff')
# 方式3: 查找包含特定标题的表格
if not table:
for t in soup.find_all('table'):
if t.find('th', text='Filename'):
table = t
break
if not table:
self.log_message("未找到差异表格，可能是无差异或格式变化")
return []
# 提取差异文件列表
diff_files = []
for row in table.find_all('tr')[1:]: # 跳过表头
cols = row.find_all('td')
if len(cols) >= 3:
# 获取文件名（第二列或第三列）
filename = cols[1].get_text(strip=True) or cols[2].get_text(strip=True)
if filename:
diff_files.append(filename)
self.log_message(f"解析到 {len(diff_files)} 个差异文件")
return diff_files
except Exception as e:
self.log_message(f"解析HTML报告错误: {str(e)}")
return []
def write_to_excel(self, excel_path, diff_data):
"""将差异数据写入Excel - 增强健壮性"""
self.log_message("正在写入Excel文件...")
excel = None
workbook = None
try:
# 验证Excel文件存在
if not os.path.exists(excel_path):
self.log_message(f"错误: Excel文件不存在 {excel_path}")
return False
# 使用win32com打开Excel
excel = win32.gencache.EnsureDispatch('Excel.Application')
excel.Visible = True
excel.DisplayAlerts = False # 禁用警告提示
# 尝试打开工作簿
try:
workbook = excel.Workbooks.Open(os.path.abspath(excel_path))
except Exception as e:
self.log_message(f"打开Excel文件失败: {str(e)}")
return False
# 检查工作表是否存在
sheet_names = [sheet.Name for sheet in workbook.Sheets]
if "一覧" not in sheet_names:
self.log_message("错误: Excel文件中缺少'一覧'工作表")
return False
sheet = workbook.Sheets("一覧")
# 从第6行开始写入数据
start_row = 6
for i, row_data in enumerate(diff_data):
for j, value in enumerate(row_data[:6]):
# 确保值是字符串类型
sheet.Cells(start_row + i, j + 1).Value = str(value)
# 保存Excel
workbook.Save()
self.log_message(f"数据已写入Excel第{start_row}行开始")
# 触发"作成"按钮
self.log_message("正在触发'作成'按钮...")
try:
# 查找按钮并点击
button = sheet.Buttons("作成")
button.OnAction = "作成按钮的处理"
button.Click()
self.log_message("已触发'作成'按钮")
# 等待处理完成
self.update_status("处理中...请等待")
wait_time = 0
max_wait = 60 # 最大等待60秒
while self.processing and wait_time < max_wait:
if excel.CalculationState == 0: # 0 = xlDone
break
time.sleep(1)
wait_time += 1
self.log_message(f"处理中...({wait_time}秒)")
if wait_time >= max_wait:
self.log_message("警告: 处理超时")
else:
self.log_message("处理完成")
return True
except Exception as e:
self.log_message(f"按钮操作失败: {str(e)}. 请手动点击'作成'按钮")
return False
except Exception as e:
self.log_message(f"Excel操作失败: {str(e)}\n{traceback.format_exc()}")
return False
finally:
# 确保正确关闭Excel
try:
if workbook:
workbook.Close(SaveChanges=False)
if excel:
excel.Quit()
except Exception as e:
self.log_message(f"关闭Excel时出错: {str(e)}")
def stop_processing(self):
"""停止处理"""
self.processing = False
self.stop_button.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.run_button.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.update_status("操作已停止")
def process_folders(self, old_path, new_path, excel_file):
"""处理文件夹比较的线程函数"""
try:
# 步骤1: 生成HTML差异文件
self.update_status("生成HTML差异文件...")
self.update_progress(20)
# 使用临时文件存储HTML报告
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".html", delete=False) as temp_file:
output_html = temp_file.name
if not self.run_winmerge(old_path, new_path, output_html):
return
# 步骤2: 将HTML文件与Excel放在同一目录
self.update_status("准备文件...")
self.update_progress(40)
excel_dir = os.path.dirname(excel_file)
if excel_dir:
target_html = os.path.join(excel_dir, "diff_report.html")
shutil.copy(output_html, target_html)
self.log_message(f"已将HTML文件复制到: {target_html}")
# 步骤3: 解析HTML差异文件
self.update_status("解析差异数据...")
self.update_progress(60)
diff_data = self.parse_html_diff(output_html)
if not diff_data:
return
# 步骤4: 写入Excel并触发按钮
self.update_status("写入Excel并触发处理...")
self.update_progress(80)
self.write_to_excel(excel_file, diff_data)
# 完成
self.update_progress(100)
self.update_status("处理完成！")
self.log_message("文件夹比较流程执行完毕")
except Exception as e:
# 修复TypeError: 使用f-string记录异常
error_msg = f"执行过程中发生错误: {str(e)}\n{traceback.format_exc()}"
self.log_message(error_msg)
self.update_status("执行失败")
finally:
# 重新启用执行按钮
if self.processing:
self.stop_processing()
# 清理临时文件
if os.path.exists(output_html):
try:
os.remove(output_html)
except:
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = DiffProcessorApp(root)
root.mainloop()
检查代码的问题，并提供完整代码实现我的要求
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本文深入解析DataRow对象在不同操作下的状态转变，包括Detached、Added、Modified和Deleted状态，以及如何通过Add、Delete和Remove方法在DataTable中管理数据行。
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