策略模式
定义一系列相同名称不同实现的算法(策略),通过一个context类使不同算法可以互相替换,而不影响使用算法的程序。
实现
public class Strategy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ActivityContext activityContext = new ActivityContext(new DiscountActivity(0.8));
System.out.println(activityContext.activity(800));
ActivityContext activityContext1 = new ActivityContext(new ReturnCashActivity(300,50));
System.out.println(activityContext1.activity(800));
}
}
/**
* 活动接口
*/
interface Activity{
double activity(double originPrice);
}
/**
* 打折活动
*/
class DiscountActivity implements Activity{
private double discount;
public DiscountActivity(double discount) {
this.discount = discount;
}
public double activity(double originPrice) {
return originPrice * discount;
}
}
/**
* 满减活动
*/
class ReturnCashActivity implements Activity{
private double totalPrice;
private double returnPrice;
public ReturnCashActivity(double totalPrice, double returnPrice) {
this.totalPrice = totalPrice;
this.returnPrice = returnPrice;
}
public double activity(double originPrice) {
double allPrice = (int)(originPrice / totalPrice) * returnPrice;
return originPrice - allPrice;
}
}
/**
* 活动上下文
*/
class ActivityContext{
private Activity activity;
public ActivityContext(Activity activity) {
this.activity = activity;
}
public double activity(double originPrice){
return activity.activity(originPrice);
}
}
复制代码
优点(大话设计模式)
- 减少各种算法类和使用算法类的耦合
- 算法类(strategy)为上下文类(Context)定义了可供重用的算法或行为,继承有助于析取出这些算法的公共功能
- 简化了单元测试,每个算法都有自己的类,可以通过自己的接口单独测试。