参考资料
代码
/*
* 康拓展开树状数组优化O(nlogn)
* 给一个排列,返回排列的排名
*/
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int MOD=1e9+7,N=1e5+5;
int sum[N],n,a[N];
ll jc[N];
int lowbit(int x){
return x&-x;
}
void add(int x,int k){
while(x <= n){
sum[x]=sum[x]+k;
x=x+lowbit(x);
}
}
int getsum(int x){
int ans=0;
while(x>=1){
ans=ans+sum[x];
x=x-lowbit(x);
}
return ans;
}
void solve(){
ll rank=1;
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
add(a[i],1);
int k=getsum(a[i]-1);
k=(a[i]-1)-k;
rank = (rank + (k*jc[n-i])) %MOD;
}
printf("%lld\n",rank);
}
int main(){
jc[1]=1;
for(int i=2;i<=N;i++){
jc[i]=jc[i-1]*i%MOD;
}
int _;
scanf("%d",&_);
while(_--) {
memset(sum,0,sizeof(sum));
scanf("%d",&n);
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) scanf("%d",&a[i]);
solve();
}
}