备忘录模式适用于功能比较复杂的,但需要维护或者记录属性的类,对象可以根据备忘录回滚到上一状态。
所谓备忘录模式就是在不破坏封装的前提下,捕获一个对象的内部状态,并在该对象之外保存这个状态,这样可以在以后将对象恢复到原先保存的状态。
客户不与备忘录类耦合,与备忘录管理类耦合。
uml:
代码:
public class Memento {
private String state = null;
public Memento(String state) {
this.state = state;
}
public String getState() {
return state;
}
}
public class Caretaker {
private Memento memento = null;
public Memento getMemento() {
return memento;
}
public void setMemento(Memento memento) {
this.memento = memento;
}
}
public class Organizer {
private String state = null;
public String getState() {
return state;
}
public void setState(String state) {
this.state = state;
}
public Memento createMemento() {
return new Memento(state);
}
public void loadMemento(Memento memento) {
state = memento.getState();
}
public void show() {
System.out.println("State: " + state);
}
}
public class MementoDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Organizer organizer = new Organizer();
organizer.setState("On");
organizer.show();
Caretaker caretaker = new Caretaker();
caretaker.setMemento(organizer.createMemento());
organizer.setState("Off");
organizer.show();
organizer.loadMemento(caretaker.getMemento());
organizer.show();
}
}