SQLite
SQLite是基于文件的轻量级数据库,特别适合嵌入式设备。
该数据库存储于特定的应用程序目录下:
/data/data/<application package name>/databases/<databasename>
在进行数据库操作的时候,我们需要一个创建一个类DatabaseHelper去继承助手类:SQLiteOpenHelper
DatabaseHelper作为一个访问SQLite的助手类,提供两个方面的功能,
第一,getReadableDatabase(),getWritableDatabase()可以获得SQLiteDatabse对象,通过该对象可以对数据库进行操作
第二,提供了onCreate()和onUpgrade()两个回调函数,允许我们在创建和升级数据库时,进行自己的操作
通过getWritable( )或者getReadable( ) 获得数据库实例对象后,通过ContentValues可以对数据进行insert和update
使用Cursor可以对数据进行查询
效果图:
布局文件
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<Button
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="createDatabase"
android:id="@+id/createDBbutton"
/>
<Button
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="updateDatabase"
android:id="@+id/updateDBbutton"
android:layout_below="@id/createDBbutton"
/>
<Button
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="insert"
android:id="@+id/insertButton"
android:layout_below="@id/updateDBbutton"
/>
<Button
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="update"
android:id="@+id/updateButton"
android:layout_below="@id/insertButton"
/>
<Button
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="query"
android:id="@+id/queryButton"
android:layout_below="@id/updateButton"
/>
</RelativeLayout>
DatabaseHelper代码:
package com.example.mysqlite;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
//DatabaseHelper作为一个访问SQLite的助手类,提供两个方面的功能,
//第一,getReadableDatabase(),getWritableDatabase()可以获得SQLiteDatabse对象,通过该对象可以对数据库进行操作
//第二,提供了onCreate()和onUpgrade()两个回调函数,允许我们在创建和升级数据库时,进行自己的操作
public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper{
private static final int VERSION = 1;
public DatabaseHelper(Context context,String name){
this(context,name,null,VERSION);
}
//在SQLiteOepnHelper的子类当中,必须有该构造函数
public DatabaseHelper(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory,
int version) {
//必须通过super调用父类当中的构造函数
super(context, name, factory, version);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
System.out.println("create a Database");
//execSQL函数用于执行SQL语句
db.execSQL("create table user(id int,name varchar(20))");
}
//数据库文件的版本号在更新的时候调用,所以为了添加新的字段,要修改版本号
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("update a Database");
}
}
activity代码
package com.example.mysqlite;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
public class MySQLite extends Activity {
private Button updateDBbutton = null;
private Button createDBbutton = null;
private Button insertButton = null;
private Button queryButton = null;
private Button updateButton = null;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.my_sqlite);
updateDBbutton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.createDBbutton);
createDBbutton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.updateDBbutton);
insertButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.insertButton);
updateButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.updateButton);
queryButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.queryButton);
createDBbutton.setOnClickListener(new createDBListener());
updateDBbutton.setOnClickListener(new updateDBListener());
insertButton.setOnClickListener(new insertListener());
updateButton.setOnClickListener(new updateListener());
queryButton.setOnClickListener(new queryListener());
}
private final class createDBListener implements OnClickListener{
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//创建一个DatabaseHelper对象
DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(MySQLite.this,"test db");
//只有调用了DatabaseHelper对象的getReadableDatabase()方法,或者是getWritableDatabase()方法之后,才会创建,或打开一个数据库
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
}
}
private final class updateDBListener implements OnClickListener{
public void onClick(View v) {
DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(MySQLite.this,"test_db",null,2);
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
}
}
private final class insertListener implements OnClickListener{
public void onClick(View v) {
//生成ContentValues对象
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(MySQLite.this, "test db ",null,2);
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
//想该对象当中插入键值对,其中键是列名,值是希望插入到这一列的值,值必须和数据库当中的数据类型一致
values.put("id",1);
values.put("name", "zhangsan");
//调用insert方法,就可以讲数据插入到数据库当中
db.insert("user",null,values);
}
}
private final class updateListener implements OnClickListener{
public void onClick(View v) {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(MySQLite.this, "test db ");
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
values.put("name", "newzhangsan");
//update(String table, ContentValues values, String whereClause, String[] whereArgs)
db.update("user",values,"id=?",new String[]{"1"});
}
}
private final class queryListener implements OnClickListener{
public void onClick(View v) {
DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(MySQLite.this, "test db ");
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor = db.query("user", new String[]{"id","name"}, "id=?", new String[]{"1"}, null, null,null);
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));
System.out.println("query--->" + name);
}
}
}
}