Python_day3-优快云博客

本文深入探讨了Python中字符串操作的技巧，包括大小写转换、序列类型如列表和元组的使用，以及通过实例练习增强理解。同时，文章提供了丰富的代码示例，如随机打乱单词、日期计算和日历生成等，帮助读者掌握Python编程的核心概念。

字符串将用户输入字符串中的大写成员转小写，小写成员转大写
ord() chr()

s = input('str:')

new_str = ''
for i in s:
	if 'a' <= i <= 'z':
		# new_str += chr(ord(i) - (ord('a')-ord('A')))
		new_str += i.upper()
	elif 'A' <= i <= 'Z':
		# new_str += chr(ord(i) + (ord('a')-ord('A')))
		new_str += i.lower()
	else:
		new_str += i
print(new_str)

　可变的序列类型：

列表list

# 定义
l = []
l = [1,2,3,'hello', [11,22]]
ls = list('hello')
ls2 = list(range(100))

print(ls)
print(ls2)

# 索引
print(l[0])
print(l[4])
print(l[4][0])

# 切片
print(l[:4])
print(l[1:])
print(l[1::2])

# 增
l[1:1] = [100]
print(l)
l.append(110)
print(l)
l.insert(2, 119)
print(l)

# 删
l[1:3] = []
print(l)
l.pop(3)
print(l)
l.remove([11,22])
print(l)

# 修改
l[0] = 120
l[1:3]

有序的不可变的序列类型:

元组tuple

# 定义
t = () 
print(type(t))

t1 = (1,)
print(type(t1))

t2 = tuple([1,2,3,4, 'hello'])
print(t2)

# 索引 切片
print(t2[0])
print(t2[::-1])
print(t2)

# 成员运算符
for t in t2:
	print(t)

print('*****************************')
t3 = (5,6,2,12,7,8,7,1,100)
print(max(t3))
print(min(t3))
print(len(t3))
print(t3.index(7))
print(t3.count(7))

　练习题　（字符串补充）

import random

words = ('hello', 'python', 'boys', 'apple', 'world', 'eat')

# 'apple'
word = random.choice(words)

# 'palep'
save = word
'''
rand_str = ''
while word: # 不是空串
	rand_ind = random.randrange(len(word)) # random.choice(range(len(word)))
	rand_str += word[rand_ind]	
	word = word[:rand_ind]+word[rand_ind+1:] # 切除抽取的成员
'''
listword = list(word)
random.shuffle(listword)
rand_str = ''.join(listword)


print('请猜测%s是什么单词, 你有三次机会:' % rand_str)

for i in range(3):
	input_str = input('第%d次:' % (i+1))
	if input_str == save:
		print('恭喜你！答对了')
		break
	else:
		if i < 2:
			print('很遗憾！再试一次')
		else:
			print('游戏结束！已经没有机会了')

　Δ 1

'''
1990.1.1 星期1
2018.11.1
'''

year, month = eval(input('请输入年份和月份(year,month):'))

sumdays = 0
# 1990~year
for y in range(1990, year):
	sumdays += (365+(1 if (y % 4 == 0 and y % 100 != 0 or y % 400 == 0) else 0))

# year.1.1 ~ year.month.1
for m in range(1, month):
	if m == 1 or m == 3 or m == 5 or m == 7 or \
		m == 8 or m == 10 or m == 12:
		sumdays += 31 
	elif m == 4 or m == 6 or m == 9 or m == 11:
		sumdays += 30
	else:
		if year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0 or year % 400 == 0:
			sumdays += 29
		else:
			sumdays += 28

sumdays += 1

weekday = sumdays % 7

# 计算month月有多少天
if month == 1 or month == 3 or month == 5 or month == 7 or \
	month == 8 or month == 10 or month == 12:
	monthdays = 31 
elif month == 4 or month == 6 or month == 9 or month == 11:
	monthdays = 30
else:
	if year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0 or year % 400 == 0:
		monthdays = 29
	else:
		monthdays = 28

# 打印日历
m = '一二三四五六七八九十'
if month == 11:
	monthstr = '十一'
elif month == 12:
	monthstr = '十二'
else:
	monthstr = m[month-1]
print('\33[34m{:>7}月 {}'.format(monthstr, year))
print('\33[0m', end='') # 关闭属性
print('\33[47m日 一 二 三 四 五 六')
print('\33[0m', end='') # 关闭属性
print('   '*weekday, end='')
for d in range(1, monthdays+1):
	print('{:>2}'.format(d), end=' ' if (weekday+d)%7 else '\n')	
print()

　Δ　2

'''
1990.1.1 星期1
2018.11.1
'''

days31 = [1,3,5,7,8,10,12]
days30 = [4,6,9,11]

year, month = eval(input('请输入年份和月份(year,month):'))

sumdays = 0
# 1990~year
for y in range(1990, year):
	sumdays += (365+(1 if (y % 4 == 0 and y % 100 != 0 or y % 400 == 0) else 0))

# year.1.1 ~ year.month.1
for m in range(1, month):
	if m in days31:
		sumdays += 31 
	elif m in days30:
		sumdays += 30
	else:
		sumdays += (29 if year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0 or year % 400 == 0 else 28)

sumdays += 1

weekday = sumdays % 7

# 计算month月有多少天
if month in days31: 
	monthdays = 31 
elif month in days30:
	monthdays = 30
else:
	if year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0 or year % 400 == 0:
		monthdays = 29
	else:
		monthdays = 28

# 打印日历
m = '一二三四五六七八九十'
if month == 11:
	monthstr = '十一'
elif month == 12:
	monthstr = '十二'
else:
	monthstr = m[month-1]
print('\33[34m{:>7}月 {}'.format(monthstr, year))
print('\33[0m', end='') # 关闭属性
print('\33[47m日 一 二 三 四 五 六')
print('\33[0m', end='') # 关闭属性
print('   '*weekday, end='')
for d in range(1, monthdays+1):
	print('{:>2}'.format(d), end=' ' if (weekday+d)%7 else '\n')	
print()

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/ZHang-/p/10084327.html