《maven实战》笔记

最新推荐文章于 2025-09-12 18:08:49 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/jackyuan918/archive/2013/04/24/2886771.html

文章标签：

#java #数据库 #runtime

maven主要知识点

一、配置代理 setting.xml

<proxies>
    <proxy>
      <id>optional</id><!--ID-->
      <active>true</active><!--是否激活 -->
      <protocol>http</protocol><!--协议 -->
      <username>proxyuser</username> <!--用户名-->
      <password>proxypass</password> <!--密码-->
      <host>proxy.host.net</host><!--主机名 --> 
      <port>80</port><!--端口 --> 
      <nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts><!--不需要代理的主机 可配置多个用|隔开 可使用通配符* -->
    </proxy>
 </proxies>

二、配置MAVEN_OPTS环境变量:-Xms128m -Xmx512m

三、命令：　mvn clear compile//先清理后编译 ; mvn clear test ;//先清理后测试 mvn clear package;//先清理后打包

mvn clear install;//先清理后安装到本地仓库 mvn clear //清理

四、maven-shade-plugin （代码放在 project-build-plugins）

1.<plugin>     
2.    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>     
3.    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>     
4.    <version>1.2.1</version>     
5.    <executions>     
6.        <execution>     
7.            <phase>package</phase>     
8.            <goals>     
9.                <goal>shade</goal>     
10.            </goals>     
11.            <configuration>     
12.                <transformers>     
13.                    <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">         
14.                         <mainClass>com.blog.HelloWorld</mainClass>     
15.                    </transformer>     
16.                </transformers>     
17.            </configuration>     
18.        </execution>     
19.      </executions>     
20.</plugin>

五、依赖配置

blog-parent.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.blog</groupId>
    <artifactId>blog-parent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <modules>
        <module>../blog-admin</module>
        <module>../blog-central</module>
    </modules>

    <name>blog-parent</name>

    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <struts.version>2.2.3</struts.version><!--归类依赖 -->
    </properties>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>central</id><!--必须唯一（默认中央工厂为central） -->
            <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
            <layout>default</layout>
            <url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled><!-- 开启对releases的支持 -->
                <updatePolicy>daily</updatePolicy><!-- 检查更新 daily:每天；never：从不检查 interval:X 
                    （单位为分钟）为自定义；always每次构建都检查 -->
                <checksumPolicy>warm</checksumPolicy><!--默认值为warm ignore不输出校验和错误 -->
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled><!-- 快照版本不支持下载 -->
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
    <distributionManagement>
        <!-- 
        <repository>
            <id>proj-releases</id>
            <name>proj relrases repository</name>
            <url>http://192.168.1.100/repository/proj-releases</url>
        </repository>
         -->
        <snapshotRepository>
            <id>Snapshot</id>
            <name>proj snapshot repository</name>
            <url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots/</url>
        </snapshotRepository>
    </distributionManagement>
     
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope><!-- 有效范围：编译范围 compile；test测试范围； provided以提供依赖范围（如：servlet-api.jar）;runtime 
                运行时依赖（如：数据库驱动）； system系统依赖范围 -->
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.sql</groupId>
            <artifactId>jdbc-stdext</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>system</scope>
            <!-- <optional>true</optional> --><!-- 默认依赖 -->
            <type>jar</type><!-- 依赖类型 默认是jar -->
            <systemPath>${java.home}/lib/rt.jar</systemPath>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
            <version>${struts.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

blog-admin/pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.blog</groupId>
        <artifactId>blog-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../blog-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent><!-- 继承 -->

    <!-- <groupId>com.blog</groupId> -->
    <artifactId>blog-admin</artifactId>
    <!-- <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> -->
    <!-- <packaging>jar</packaging> --><!--打包方式 默认是jar -->

    <name>blog-admin</name>
    <!-- <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> -->
    <!-- <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 
        </properties> -->
    <dependencies>
        <!--     <dependency>
            <groupId>com.blog</groupId>
            <artifactId>blog-central</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> 
                    <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.8</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>



</project>

blog-central/pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.blog</groupId>
        <artifactId>blog-parent</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../blog-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent><!-- 继承 -->

    <!-- <groupId>com.blog</groupId> -->
    <artifactId>blog-central</artifactId>
    <!-- <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> -->
    <name>blog-central</name>
    <!-- <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> -->
    <!-- <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 
        </properties> -->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.8</version>
        </dependency>

  <build>
      <pluginManagement>
          <plugins>
              <plugin>
                  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
                   <version>2.1.2</version>
                   <executions>
                       <execution>
                           <phase>package</phase>
                           <goals><goal>jar-no-fork</goal></goals>
                       </execution>
                   </executions>
              </plugin>
              
              <plugin>
                  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-rar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals><goal>rar</goal></goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
              </plugin>
              
              <plugin>
                  <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>sql-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                   <version>1.5</version>
                   <dependencies>
                       <dependency>
                           <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                        <version>5.1.18</version>
                       </dependency>
                   </dependencies>
                   <configuration>
                         <driver>${mysql.driver}</driver>
                      <url>${mysql.url}</url>
                      <username>${mysql.username}</username>
                      <password>${mysql.password}</password>
                      <sqlCommand>
                          create database IF NOT EXISTS maven_test
                      </sqlCommand>
                   </configuration>
                   
                   <executions>
                       <execution>
                           <phase>package</phase>
                           <goals>
                               <goal>execute</goal>
                           </goals>
                       </execution>
                   </executions>
              </plugin>
          </plugins>
      </pluginManagement>
  </build>

    </dependencies>
</project>

六、查看依赖关系的命令：

mvn dependency :list mvn dependency :tree ; mvn dependency :analyze

七、坐标查询网站：http://mvnrepository.com/ http://search.maven.org/ http://www.sonatype.org/

八、配置镜像

setting.xml

  <mirrors>
    <mirror>
      <id>central</id>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf><!--可以配置多个 用逗号隔开 或者用*  -->
      <name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name>
      <url>http://localhost:8081/nexus/content/repositories/public/</url>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>

十、更新索引

另外一种方法,下载nexus-maven-repository-index.zip解压到nexus的sonatype-work\nexus\indexer\central-ctx目录下

十一、profiles ：待补充

十二、配置仓库认证

  <servers>
    <server>
      <id>blog-snapshot</id>
      <username>admin</username><!--最高权限 默认是：admin admin123 -->
      <password>admin123</password>
    </server>
    <server>
      <id>proj-releases</id>
      <username>admin</username>
      <password>admin123</password>
    </server>
  </servers>

十三、生命周期

Clean生命周期一共包含了三个阶段：

pre-clean 执行一些需要在clean之前完成的工作
clean 移除所有上一次构建生成的文件
post-clean 执行一些需要在clean之后立刻完成的工作

mvn clean 中的clean就是上面的clean，在一个生命周期中，运行某个阶段的时候，它之前的所有阶段都会被运行，也就是说，mvn clean 等同于 mvn pre-clean clean ，如果我们运行 mvn post-clean ，那么 pre-clean，clean 都会被运行。这是Maven很重要的一个规则，可以大大简化命令行的输入。

下面看一下Site生命周期的各个阶段：