D-Bus,kdbus和Binder

本文对比了D-Bus和kdbus这两种Linux进程间通信机制。D-Bus提供了良好的事务处理机制和支持发送消息并等待回应等功能,但在传输大量数据时效率较低。kdbus作为D-Bus的内核版本,能够传输GB级数据流,实现了消息传递的零拷贝,提高了效率,并且随时可用。

摘要生成于 C知道 ,由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持, 前往体验 >

转发自: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4af327e10101irie.html

 

D-Bus的优缺点

Linux没有一个很好的IPC机制。Windows、Mac OS有;Android也有"binder"子系统。Linux有socket、FIFO、共享内存等机制,这些对于应用层来说不是很好。Kdbus试图为Linux创建一个和其它系统相仿的机制。

D-Bus是Linux上最接近这个标准的方案。优点:提供不错的事务处理机制(支持发送消息并等待回应)和给其它子系统发送信号;可以知晓D-Bus上还有哪些子系统在运作、提供哪些服务等。D-Bus还提供对安全策略的支持、在初次使用是启动服务、数据结构的类型安全组织、在总线上传递凭据和文件描述符。此外,很多编程语言有D-Bus的绑定接口,还有网络传输透明等。

缺限:D-Bus适合于控制任务,但并不适合传输大量的数据。例如,D-Bus能通知音频服务程序改变音量(D-Bus著名的例子,呵呵),却不适合传送音频数据。因为D-Bus在用户空间实现,效率很低:一个调用-返回消息需要10次消息拷贝,4次消息验证,4次上下文切换。此外,凭据传递能力有限,消息没有时间戳,boot时D-Bus不可用(此时D-Bus还没启动),和安全框架(如SELinux)的连接在用户空间,激活服务时可能有竞态条件等。D-Bus在实现上也过于复杂,且严重依赖于XML。

移入内核

kdbus是在内核里实现D-Bus。可传输大块数据,用于GB级的消息流。可以做到消息传递的零拷贝,在最坏情况下,一条消息及其回复过程不超过2次拷贝操作,2次验证,2次上下文切换。全部的凭据信息(用户ID,进程ID,SELinux标签,cgroup信息,权限等)随每个消息传递,而且所有消息都有时间戳。kdbus随时可用,不需要等待D-Bus守护进程启动,Linux安全模块可以直接与其挂钩,可避免竞态条件,API也得到简化。

kdbus在内核中作为一个字符设备;要连接的进程open设备,再调用mmap()将一个消息传递区域映射到自己的地址空间。消息在这个区域组装后交给内核传输;内核简单地将消息从一个进程映射的区域拷贝到另一个进程的区域。消息可以携带对收到回复的时间限制(“方法调用窗口”)。有一个和D-Bus类似的名字记录表。

kdbus通过memfd机制实现消息传递的零拷贝。memfd是一块带有文件描述符的内存区域,有点类似于内存映射的临时文件(差别其实很大)。一个memfd可以被“密封”——拥有它的进程不能再改变其内容。要传递一条消息,进程先在memfd区域构造消息,密封,然后交给kdbus传输。内核可以把相应的内存页面映射到接收进程的地址空间,从而避免拷贝数据,这取决于消息的大小。消息比较小时(大约512KB以下)内存映射的开销比较大,这时是直接拷贝数据。

信号广播机制采用Bloom过滤器来选择接受者。这一改动提高了广播机制的效率。

目前计划是在2014年把代码合并到内核的主干上。不过此前两次把D-Bus功能移入内核的努力失败了,这次也不能保证成功(看上去希望很大,Redhat已经在systemd里采用了kdbus)。

kdbus和binder的差别——CPU中心和RAM中心

binder在Android中提供从一个任务到另一个任务里的线程的同步调用(CPU)。这个过程中调用线程挂起直到应答线程返回,不需要消息队列。RAM只是用来在不同的调用者间共享数据。Android里binder库的关键是调用进程把自己的CPU时间片让给应答进程。这就像mutex系统调用。相互通信的进程之间有直接的联系。在系统里能同时使用binder的进程数有个上限,大部分系统估计在16个左右。

D-Bus是异步的,它把消息有序排入队列(RAM),接收者从队列里取消息。CPU的任务是在RAM里搬运数据。这类似于网络通信协议。属于进程间“无连接”的通信方式。其上限大约是每个连接8Mb,一个消息通常在200-800字节。

Binder是为微内核类设备创建的。功能有限,缺乏灵活性,但开销低、速度快。Binder保证CPU时间片从调用进程传给被调用进程的线程,工作完成后再返回给调用进程。其中几乎不需要进程调度,非常适合RAM和CPU配置很低的设备。

D-Bus是创建-存储-转发,构建回复,再创建-存储-转发的消息模型。比bind复杂得多,也更灵活、通用、网络透明、易于管理,且可以容易的管理不被信任的对端参加的通信(不要让binder面对这种情况,否则...)D-Bus可以处理大块的数据,在kdbus实现里可以将GB级别的数据传送给总线上的每个连接。从CPU的角度看,D-Bus没有biander有效率,但是通用性更好。

在D-Bus里可以实现类似binder的功能。D-Bus以后是否会替代binder现在还不好说。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/grainsan/p/4316301.html

2025-06-12 04:26:58.687 16964-16964 cmd E BBinder_init Processname cmd 2025-06-12 04:26:58.688 16964-16964 cmd E BBinder_init hasGetProcessName cmd 2025-06-12 04:26:58.761 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.779 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398492, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.780 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398496, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.780 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398500, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.781 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398504, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.781 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398508, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.782 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398512, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.783 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398516, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.784 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398520, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.785 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398524, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.786 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398528, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.786 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398532, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.787 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398536, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.788 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398540, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.789 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398544, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.790 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398548, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.794 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398577, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.795 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398581, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.797 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398595, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.797 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398599, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.798 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398603, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.801 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398622, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.801 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398626, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.802 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398630, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.812 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398719, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.813 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398725, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.814 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398738, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.815 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398742, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.815 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398746, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.816 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398750, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.816 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398754, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.817 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398758, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.818 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398762, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.818 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398766, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.819 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398770, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.820 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398779, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.820 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398783, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.826 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398829, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.826 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398833, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.827 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398837, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.827 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398841, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.828 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.835 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.837 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101398930, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.838 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.841 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.847 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.850 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.851 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.853 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.854 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.859 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.867 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.882 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.884 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.895 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.902 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.924 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.930 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.941 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.945 16967-16967 Parcel E Reading a NULL string not supported here. 2025-06-12 04:26:58.956 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400079, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.957 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400083, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.957 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400087, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.958 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400091, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.960 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400105, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.960 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400109, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.961 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400113, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.962 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400117, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.962 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400121, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.962 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400125, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.963 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400129, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.963 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400133, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.963 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400137, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.964 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400141, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.964 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400145, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.965 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400149, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.965 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400153, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.966 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400157, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.967 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400166, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.967 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400170, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.968 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400174, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.971 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400213, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.972 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400222, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.972 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400226, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.973 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400235, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.974 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400239, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.974 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400243, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.975 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400247, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.975 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400251, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.976 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400255, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.976 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400259, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.976 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400263, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.977 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400267, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.977 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400271, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.977 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400275, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.986 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400374, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.986 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400378, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.987 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400382, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.988 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400386, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.988 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400390, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.989 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400394, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.989 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400398, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.989 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400402, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.990 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400406, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.990 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400410, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.991 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400414, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.991 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400418, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.992 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400422, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.992 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400426, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.992 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400430, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.993 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400434, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.993 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400438, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.993 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400442, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.994 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400446, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.996 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400455, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.996 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400459, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.997 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400463, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.997 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400467, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.998 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400471, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.998 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400475, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:58.999 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400479, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.000 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400488, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.000 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400492, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.001 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400496, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.002 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400505, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.003 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400509, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.003 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400513, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.004 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400517, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.005 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400531, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.006 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400535, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.006 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400539, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.007 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400543, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.007 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400547, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.008 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400551, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.008 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400555, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.008 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400559, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.009 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400563, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.009 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400567, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.010 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400571, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.010 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400575, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.011 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400579, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted) 2025-06-12 04:26:59.038 16967-16967 IPCThreadState E Binder transaction failure. id: 101400830, BR_*: 29201, error: -1 (Operation not permitted)
最新发布
06-13
<think>我们正在处理用户关于"Bindertransactionfailureerror:-1OperationnotpermittedinAndroid"的问题。根据Android开发经验,Binder事务失败通常是由于传递的数据过大或进程间通信(IPC)的其他限制引起的。错误码-1(Operationnotpermitted)可能表示权限问题或系统限制。参考之前的引用信息,虽然当前问题没有直接关联,但我们可以从系统设计角度推测:Binder作为Android的IPC机制,其事务传输有大小限制(通常为1MB,在Android的早期版本中更小)。当传递的数据(如Intent、Bundle等)超过这个限制时,就会抛出TransactionTooLargeException或类似错误,但有时也可能以Operationnotpermitted的形式出现。解决方案:1.**检查数据大小**:确保在Intent或Bundle中传递的数据不超过1MB。如果要传递大量数据,考虑使用其他机制,如文件共享或ContentProvider。2.**分页传输**:如果数据是列表形式,可以分批传递。3.**使用全局状态**:将数据保存在全局可访问的地方(如Application类)或者使用持久化存储,然后只传递一个键值或引用。4.**检查Binder缓冲区**:在Android设备上,Binder事务缓冲区大小固定(通常为1MB),但不同设备可能有不同大小,这个限制是进程间共享的,所以如果多个事务同时进行,即使每个事务都不大也可能超出限制。5.**权限问题**:确保调用方被调用方有适当的权限(比如,如果跨应用通信,需要检查权限声明获取情况)。6.**序列化问题**:如果传递自定义Parcelable对象,确保序列化反序列化的实现正确。7.**系统状态**:在系统资源紧张时(如低内存),系统可能会拒绝Binder事务,此时可以尝试在更好的条件下重试。其他建议:-使用`adblogcat`查看详细的堆栈跟踪,确定错误发生的具体位置。-在代码中捕获异常(如`TransactionTooLargeException`)并处理。根据用户问题,我们聚焦于错误“Operationnotpermitted”(错误码-1),这可能是由于超出Binder事务缓冲区限制导致的,但也不排除其他原因。我们应优先检查数据大小权限。由于我们不知道用户的具体场景,因此需要用户提供更多上下文信息,例如:-是在什么操作下发生的(如启动Activity、Service通信、AIDL调用等)?-是否传递了大量数据?但我们先根据常见原因给出上述解决方案。相关问题:§§相关问题§§1.如何优化Android应用以避免Binder事务失败?2.在Android中,除了Binder,还有哪些跨进程通信方式?3.如何正确使用Parcelable进行高效的数据传递?</think> ### Binder Transaction Failure 错误分析解决方案 在 Android 开发中,`Binder transaction failure error: -1 Operation not permitted` 是常见的 IPC 通信错误,主要由以下原因引起: #### 常见原因分析 1. **数据超限问题** Android 的 Binder 事务缓冲区大小限制为 **1MB**(不同版本略有差异),当传输的数据(如 Intent 中的 Bundle、Parcelable 对象)超过该限制时,会触发此错误[^1]。 2. **权限配置问题** - 跨进程通信未声明 `<uses-permission>` 或权限未正确申请 - 自定义权限的 `protectionLevel` 设置过高(如 `signature|privileged`) - SELinux 安全策略限制(常见于系统应用开发) 3. **非法操作** - 在后台线程执行 UI 相关 Binder 调用 - 调用未授权的系统 API(如未声明 `android.permission.INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS`) - Parcelable 序列化/反序列化逻辑错误 #### 解决方案 1. **缩减数据传输量** ```kotlin // 优化前:传递大型 Bitmap 对象 intent.putExtra("image_data", largeBitmap) // 优化后:传递文件路径(< 1MB) intent.putExtra("image_path", saveToFile(largeBitmap).path) ``` 2. **权限检查** - AndroidManifest.xml 添加权限声明: ```xml <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS" /> ``` - 检查进程间权限传递: ```java // 验证调用方权限 if (checkCallingPermission("com.example.CUSTOM_PERM") != PERMISSION_GRANTED) { throw new SecurityException("Operation not permitted"); } ``` 3. **事务优化策略** - 数据分片传输(实现 `Parcelable` 分页接口) - 使用 `ContentProvider` 替代大数据传输 - 避免在 `onSaveInstanceState()` 中保存大型数据 4. **SELinux 策略调整(系统开发)** ```text // 在 *.te 文件中添加: allow my_app_domain binder_device:chr_file { execute execute_no_trans }; ``` 5. **调试方法** ```shell # 查看 Binder 事务失败详情 adb shell dumpsys activity transactions # 检查 SELinux 拒绝日志 adb shell dmesg | grep "avc:" ``` #### 预防措施 - 使用 `Bundle#size()` 预检查数据大小 - 实现 `StrictMode` 检测工具类: ```java public class BinderMonitor { public static void enable() { StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new VmPolicy.Builder() .detectAll() .penaltyLog() .build()); } } ``` > ⚠️ **注意**:若出现在低端设备上传输`<1MB`数据仍报错,可能是系统碎片化问题(如 MTK 芯片部分机型 Binder 缓冲区仅 512KB),需动态获取缓冲区尺寸: > ```java > // 反射获取实际缓冲区大小 > Field field = Class.forName("android.os.TransactionTooLargeException") > .getDeclaredField("MAX_PAYLOAD"); > int maxSize = field.getInt(null); > ```
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值