linux msgctl函数,mremap()函数 Unix/Linux

mremap -重新映射的虚拟内存地址

内容简介

#define _GNU_SOURCE

#include

#include

void * mremap(void *old_address, size_told_size , size_tnew_size, intflags);

描述

mremap()扩大(或缩小)现有的内存映射，潜在的移动它在同一时间(由flags参数和可用的虚拟地址空间控制)。

old_address is the old address of the virtual memory block that you want to expand (or shrink). Note that old_address has to be page aligned. old_size is the old size of the virtual memory block. new_size is the requested size of the virtual memory block after the resize.

In Linux the memory is divided into pages. A user process has (one or) several linear virtual memory segments. Each virtual memory segment has one or more mappings to real memory pages (in the page table). Each virtual memory segment has its own protection (access rights), which may cause a segmentation violation if the memory is accessed incorrectly (e.g., writing to a read-only segment). Accessing virtual memory outside of the segments will also cause a segmentation violation.

mremap() uses the Linux page table scheme. mremap() changes the mapping between virtual addresses and memory pages. This can be used to implement a very efficientrealloc().

The flags bit-mask argument may be 0, or include the following flag:

标签

描述

MREMAP_MAYMOVE

By default, if there is not sufficient space to expand a mapping at its current location, then mremap() fails. If this flag is specified, then the kernel is permitted to relocate the mapping to a new virtual address, if necessary. If the mapping is relocated, then absolute yiibaiers into the old mapping location become invalid (offsets relative to the starting address of the mapping should be employed).

MREMAP_FIXED (since Linux 2.3.31)

This flag serves a similar purpose to the MAP_FIXED flag ofmmap(2). If this flag is specified, then mremap() accepts a fifth argument, void *new_address, which specifies a page-aligned address to which the mapping must be moved. Any previous mapping at the address range specified by new_address andnew_size is unmapped. If MREMAP_FIXED is specified, thenMREMAP_MAYMOVE must also be specified.

If the memory segment specified byold_addressandold_sizeis locked (usingmlock() or similar), then this lock is maintained when the segment is resized and/or relocated. As a consequence, the amount of memory locked by the process may change.

返回值

On successmremap() returns a yiibaier to the new virtual memory area. On error, the valueMAP_FAILED(that is, (void *) -1) is returned, anderrnois set appropriately.

错误

标签

描述

EAGAIN

The caller tried to expand a memory segment that is locked, but this was not possible without exceeding the RLIMIT_MEMLOCK resource limit.

EFAULT

"Segmentation fault." Some address in the range old_address toold_address+old_size is an invalid virtual memory address for this process. You can also get EFAULT even if there exist mappings that cover the whole address space requested, but those mappings are of different types.

EINVAL

An invalid argument was given. Possible causes are: old_addresswas not page aligned; a value other than MREMAP_MAYMOVEor MREMAP_FIXED was specified in flags; new_size was zero;new_size or new_address was invalid; or the new address range specified by new_address and new_size overlapped the old address range specified by old_address and old_size; orMREMAP_FIXED was specified without also specifyingMREMAP_MAYMOVE.

ENOMEM

The memory area cannot be expanded at the current virtual address, and the MREMAP_MAYMOVE flag is not set in flags. Or, there is not enough (virtual) memory available.

注意

Prior to version 2.4, glibc did not expose the definition ofMREMAP_FIXED, and the prototype formremap() did not allow for thenew_addressargument.

遵循于

This call is Linux-specific, and should not be used in programs intended to be portable. 4.2BSD had a (never actually implemented)mremap(2) call with completely different semantics.

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