本文详细介绍了如何使用mysqldump命令来备份一个或多个MySQL数据库，包括语法格式、操作步骤和示例。通过示例，展示了备份单个数据库'see'以及同时备份'see'和'test'数据库的完整过程。
mysqldump命令备份一个或者多个数据库；
语法格式：mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases dbname1 dbname2…… > backupname.sql
--databases：这个选项表示后面跟一个或者多个数据库。注意前面不是一个横杆，是两个小横杆。
dbname：表示数据库名称；
table1 table2……：表示表的名称
backupname.sql：表示路径和备份的文件名称；
通常备份为.sql文件，但是并非一定是.sql文件，.sql文件给人的感觉是数据库文件。也可以是.txt文件等。
============================================================================================
数据库准备see，下面有3个表和数据
=========================================================================================
备份一个数据库，即：演示备份see数据库：
mysqldump -u root -p123 --databases see > C:\Users\del\Desktop\s.sql
ps：里面有创建数据库的语句
--MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.5.15, for Win32 (x86)--
--Host: localhost Database: see----------------------------------------------------------Server version 5.5.15
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT*/;/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS*/;/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION*/;/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8*/;/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE*/;/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00'*/;/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0*/;/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0*/;/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO'*/;/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0*/;--
--Current Database: `see`--
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `see` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1*/;USE`see`;--
--Table structure for table `cr01`--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS`cr01`;/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client*/;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8*/;CREATE TABLE`cr01` (
`sx`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`mz`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`bz`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client*/;--
--Dumping data for table `cr01`--LOCK TABLES `cr01` WRITE;/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` DISABLE KEYS*/;INSERT INTO `cr01` VALUES (1,'sww','sww01'),(2,'aww','aww02'),(3,'qww','qww03'),(4,'eww','eww04'),(5,'rww','rww05'),(6,'yww','yww06'),(7,'uww','uww07');/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` ENABLE KEYS*/;
UNLOCK TABLES;--
--Table structure for table `department`--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS`department`;/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client*/;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8*/;CREATE TABLE`department` (
`d_id`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`d_name`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`functione`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`address`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client*/;--
--Dumping data for table `department`--LOCK TABLES `department` WRITE;/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` DISABLE KEYS*/;INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (1001,'keyanbu','yanfachanpin','3lou5hao'),(1002,'shengchanbu','shengchanchanp','5louyiceng'),(1003,'xiaoshoubu','cehuaxiaoshou','1louxiaoshoudating');/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` ENABLE KEYS*/;
UNLOCK TABLES;--
--Table structure for table `employee`--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS`employee`;/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client*/;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8*/;CREATE TABLE`employee` (
`num`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`d_id`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`name`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`age`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`sex`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`homeadd`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client*/;--
--Dumping data for table `employee`--LOCK TABLES `employee` WRITE;/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` DISABLE KEYS*/;INSERT INTO `employee` VALUES (1,1001,'zhangsan',26,'nan','beijing'),(2,1001,'lisi',24,'nv','hunan'),(3,1002,'wangwu',25,'nan','jiangsu'),(4,1004,'aric',15,'nan','yingguo');/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` ENABLE KEYS*/;
UNLOCK TABLES;/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE*/;/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE*/;/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS*/;/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS*/;/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT*/;/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS*/;/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION*/;/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES*/;--Dump completed on 2019-12-26 22:12:22
===============================================================
备份多个数据库，即：演示备份see 和 test 数据库：
mysqldump -u root -p123 --databases see test > C:\Users\del\Desktop\st.sql
ps：里面有创建2个数据库的命令；
--MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.5.15, for Win32 (x86)--
--Host: localhost Database: see----------------------------------------------------------Server version 5.5.15
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT*/;/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS*/;/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION*/;/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8*/;/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE*/;/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00'*/;/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0*/;/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0*/;/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO'*/;/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0*/;--
--Current Database: `see`--
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `see` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1*/;USE`see`;--
--Table structure for table `cr01`--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS`cr01`;/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client*/;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8*/;CREATE TABLE`cr01` (
`sx`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`mz`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`bz`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client*/;--
--Dumping data for table `cr01`--LOCK TABLES `cr01` WRITE;/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` DISABLE KEYS*/;INSERT INTO `cr01` VALUES (1,'sww','sww01'),(2,'aww','aww02'),(3,'qww','qww03'),(4,'eww','eww04'),(5,'rww','rww05'),(6,'yww','yww06'),(7,'uww','uww07');/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `cr01` ENABLE KEYS*/;
UNLOCK TABLES;--
--Table structure for table `department`--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS`department`;/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client*/;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8*/;CREATE TABLE`department` (
`d_id`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`d_name`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`functione`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`address`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client*/;--
--Dumping data for table `department`--LOCK TABLES `department` WRITE;/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` DISABLE KEYS*/;INSERT INTO `department` VALUES (1001,'keyanbu','yanfachanpin','3lou5hao'),(1002,'shengchanbu','shengchanchanp','5louyiceng'),(1003,'xiaoshoubu','cehuaxiaoshou','1louxiaoshoudating');/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `department` ENABLE KEYS*/;
UNLOCK TABLES;--
--Table structure for table `employee`--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS`employee`;/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client*/;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8*/;CREATE TABLE`employee` (
`num`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`d_id`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`name`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`age`int(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`sex`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
`homeadd`varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client*/;--
--Dumping data for table `employee`--LOCK TABLES `employee` WRITE;/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` DISABLE KEYS*/;INSERT INTO `employee` VALUES (1,1001,'zhangsan',26,'nan','beijing'),(2,1001,'lisi',24,'nv','hunan'),(3,1002,'wangwu',25,'nan','jiangsu'),(4,1004,'aric',15,'nan','yingguo');/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `employee` ENABLE KEYS*/;
UNLOCK TABLES;--
--Current Database: `test`--
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1*/;USE`test`;/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE*/;/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE*/;/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS*/;/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS*/;/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT*/;/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS*/;/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION*/;/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES*/;--Dump completed on 2019-12-26 22:17:46
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